Ke alakaʻi nei i nā mahiʻai o ka ʻāina o ka ʻāina Tomsk
Ma kahi o 9000 mau ʻeka i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia no ka ulu ʻana i ka ʻuala ma ka ʻāina ʻo Tomsk, a ʻo ka hapa liona o kēia ʻāina i noho ʻia e nā mea nona nā māla mahiʻai pilikino.
E like me ka ʻōlelo a ka hope poʻo o ka ʻoihana no ka hoʻomohala socio-economic o nā kauhale: ʻO Alexander Valentinovich Savenko:
- ʻO ke aniau o ka ʻāina ʻo Tomsk e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke ulu i ka ʻuala mai ka hema a kokoke i ka ʻākau loa o ka ʻāina. Ma waena o nā hemahema, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka lepo a me ko lākou acidity, ke kauwela kauwela, nā hau hau mua. Akā ʻoiai kēia mau mea a pau, hoʻokele nā ʻoihana ma ka ʻāina ʻo Tomsk e loaʻa nā hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi (ʻo 200-220 c/ha ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka hua).
Ma ka ʻāina, ʻike ʻo Alexander Savenko i ka manaʻolana no ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻuala e ulu ana ʻaʻole i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ka hana, akā i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana, ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana hana, ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hua kiʻekiʻe a, ma muli o ka hoʻemi ʻana i nā kumukūʻai a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka loaʻa kālā. .
ʻO ka hae nui o ka hana ʻepekema i loko o ka agro-industrial complex o ka ʻāina, ka Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture and Peat, kahi lālā o ka Siberian Federal Scientific Center o ka Russian Academy of Science, ua mākaukau e hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo nui i nā mea kanu ʻuala ma nā mea āpau. nā pilikia i ʻike ʻia. ʻO Anna Borisovna Sainakova ka luna o ke kula.
Ua holomua ka Institute i ke koho ʻana i ka ʻuala a me ka hana hua no nā makahiki he nui. ʻO kahi hapa nui o nā ʻano ʻuala i ulu ʻia ma ka ʻāina ʻo Tomsk i hana ʻia e nā ʻepekema mai Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture and Technology.
Ua wehe ʻia kahi keʻena olakino olakino ma ke kula.
E like me Margarita Sergeevna Romanova, Hope Luna Hoʻokele o Siberian Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Research, nā memo, ke hāʻawi aku nei ka hale hana i nā mahiʻai i nā lawelawe ʻāina no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā mea kanu no ka hiki ʻana mai o nā maʻi viral, bacterial a fungal, hoʻomaikaʻi i ke olakino o ke kanu ʻana; kūʻai aku i nā minituber o nā ʻano kaulana loa. Hoʻolālā ka institute e hoʻonui i kāna huahana.
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Aia nā mea hana ʻuala nui a pau ma ke kaona o Tomsk. Ke hele nei i kahi huakaʻi i nā mahiʻai o ka ʻāina, hoʻomaka wau i kaʻu huakaʻi me Favorit LLC. Ma ke kauhale o Luchanovo, ka mokuʻo Tomsk, hālāwaiʻo Sergei Nikolaevich Belozerov iaʻu. He ʻuʻuku kāna mahiʻai, he 100 ʻeka ʻuala a me ka nui o nā mea kanu palaoa. Ke kamaʻilio pū me ia, hoʻomaopopo koke ʻoe he kanaka makemake nui ʻo ia.
No ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻuala, ʻo ia ka mea mua ma ka ʻāina i kūʻai aku i kahi hui GRIMME hui pū ʻia, mahalo i ka maʻalahi o ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻuala, ua hoʻomaikaʻi ka maikaʻi o ka mea kanu, a ua hoʻonui ʻia ka pākēneka o nā ʻuala. Ua hōʻike ʻo Sergei Nikolaevich i kēia kaʻa ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa ma ka Tomsk Region Field Day a hoʻonohonoho i nā hōʻike hōʻike.
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He ʻumikumamālima mau kilomita mai Luchanov, ma ke kauhale o Mirny, aia ka ʻoihana PZ Zavarzinsky LLC, i alakaʻi ʻia e Vasily Petrovich Zhuravlev.
Ke hana nui nei ka hui i ka hānai ʻana i nā pipi pedigree, ʻoiai ke kanu nei i 70 mau ʻeka o ka ʻuala. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ʻo ka ulu ʻana i ka ʻuala kahi wahi kumu no ka mahiʻai, loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻohi maikaʻi loa (ma luna o 350 c/ha) a hiki iā lākou ke mālama ʻoihana a hiki i ke kau waena. Loaʻa i ka mahiʻai nā hale mālama hou i hoʻolako ʻia me nā lako refrigeration, kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka waiwai maikaʻi mai ke kūʻai aku ʻana i nā huahana.
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Ke hoʻokele nei a puni ʻo Tomsk, ʻike mākou iā mākou iho i ke kauhale nani o Zorkaltsevo, kahi i loaʻa ai ka ʻoihana mahiʻai Zorkaltsevo.
ʻO ke poʻo: Denis Viktorovich Mamaev. Nui ka ʻoihana a loea i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻuala a me nā mea kanu: 230 ʻeka o ka ʻuala, 15 mau ʻeka o ka beets a me ke kāpeti, 20 mau ʻeka kāloti, aia nā hale mālama no 8 tausani mau tons.
Ua hoʻopiʻi ʻo Denis Viktorovich i ka makahiki 2017 ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana ma ka mahiʻai ma mua o ka mea i hoʻolālā ʻia (ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 180 c/ha), no ka mea ʻaʻole i lawa ka hōʻano hou ʻana o ka waihona hua, a ua ʻae loa me ka manaʻo o Alexander Savenko i kēia lā e pono ai nā ʻoihana ma ka ʻāina. ʻaʻole e hoʻonui i kahi e kanu ai i ka ʻuala, akā e hoʻokō i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana. ʻO ka hui mahiʻai i kēia manawa he mau'auwaʻa maikaʻi o nā mea hana hou, kahi e hiki ai ke loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi loa.
A laila, hele ko mākou ala i ke kauhale o Kislovka, ma ke kula o Tomsk, e kipa iā Zarechnoye LLC. ʻO ka hui e alakaʻi ʻia e Sergei Alekseevich Yakushenko.
Manaʻo ʻia ka mahiʻai e ulu ikaika ana a kūleʻa: 200 ʻeka o ka ʻuala, 35 ʻeka kāloti, 35 ʻeka beets a me 85 mau ʻeka o ke kāpeti.
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Ma ka ʻākau o ka ʻāina ʻo Tomsk, ma kapa o ka muliwai ʻo Ob ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Kolpashevo (ʻoi aku ma mua o 300 km mai Tomsk), aia kahi mahiʻai mahiʻai a Sergei Vladimirovich Shadrin.
Ke hana nei ke poʻo o ka mahiʻai i nā hua ʻuala no nā makahiki he nui; He kūlana phytosanitary maikaʻi nā ʻāina ʻākau a maikaʻi loa no kēia ʻano hana. Ma ke ala, ʻaʻohe mau aphids ʻuala ma laila, ʻo ia ka mea ʻino loa a me ka lawe ʻana i nā maʻi like ʻole.
He liʻiliʻi ka mahiʻai; kanu maʻamau lākou i 50 ʻeka o ka ʻuala a loaʻa iā 700-800 tons o nā hua kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka makahiki i hala aku nei, no ka manawa mua, ua hoʻāʻo mākou i ke ʻano super-early Charoit me ka manawa ulu o 55-60 mau lā; ua lilo ka ʻike i mea kūleʻa loa: ua hiki i ka mahiʻai ke hōʻiliʻili i ʻelua mau hōʻiliʻili i nā kūlana o ka ʻĀkau Tomsk kauwela.
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33 km ma ka hema o Tomsk, ma ke kauhale o Vershinino, ke noho nei a hana i ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka ʻoihana hana ʻuala nui loa ma ka ʻāina, ʻo Mikhail Petrovich Kolpakov, ke poʻo o ka mahiʻai mahiʻai ʻo Kolpakov.
I ka makahiki 2002, ua hoʻomaka ka ʻoihana i kāna hana, e mahi ana i kahi o 40 mau ʻeka. I kēia lā, ulu lākou i nā hua ma 700 mau ʻeka.
ʻO ka mahiʻai mahiʻai ʻo Kolpakov kahi ʻoihana i kaulana mau, ʻaʻole wale ma ka ʻāina ʻo Tomsk. Aia kahi hale hana hou no ke kūʻai mua ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i ka ʻuala. Ua kūʻai maikaʻi ʻia ka huahana i holoi ʻia i nā kaulahao kūʻai. Akā, ua kaulana ka mahiʻai ʻaʻole wale no ka holomua o ka ulu ʻuala. Ua hoʻomaka nā mea a pau, ma ke ʻano he papahana e hoʻonohonoho hou i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonaʻauao, ua hoʻoholo nā luna e pani i kahi kula ma ke kauhale o Vershinino. A e like me kāu e ʻike ai, ke pani ʻia ke kula, make ke kauhale. Ua huhū ka poʻe kamaʻāina a hoʻopiʻi i nā luna āpau, me ka Pelekikena, akā ʻaʻole i loli ke kūlana. A laila ua hoʻoholo ʻo Mikhail Petrovich Kolpakov e kūkulu i kahi kula ma kāna kālā ponoʻī a ... kūkulu iā ia - a ʻo kahi mea i hiki ʻole i nā mea he nui ke noʻonoʻo.
Hana ʻia nā mea a pau i loko o ka hale hou i nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ka hōʻoluʻolu a me ka palekana. E hoʻoponopono iā ʻoe iho: hele mai kahi keiki i ke kula, kau i kona manamana lima ma ka pahu - ua loaʻa i nā mākua kahi leka SMS, haʻalele i ke kula - ka mea like. ʻO ka hale he hoʻomehana geothermal (me ka ʻole o nā radiators a i ʻole nā paipu), ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka ʻaina awakea ma ka hale ʻai no kēlā me kēia papa ma kahi kaʻawale, i kekahi manawa. Ua lako nā lumi papa me nā papa keʻokeʻo pāʻani. Ua hana ʻia nā mea a pau e hōʻoia ai i ke kauhale, a no laila ka mahiʻai, he wā e hiki mai ana.
Akā, e hoʻi kākou i kēia manawa. I kēia lā, hana pū ka mahiʻai mahiʻai ʻo Kolpakov me Kolpakov LLC. ʻO ka lua o ka ʻoihana e alakaʻi ʻia e ke keiki a ka mea kālepa, ʻo Denis Mikhailovich Kolpakov. Ma ka mahiʻai, 250 mau ʻeka i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ka ʻuala. Ma waho aʻe o ka mahiʻai ʻana, hana pū lākou i ka hānai pipi a me ka hānai lio. No ka leʻaleʻa o nā keiki kamaʻāina, he wahi holoholona liʻiliʻi ko ka mahiʻai!
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ʻO kēia ka poʻe e hana ana i ka ʻuala ma ka ʻāina ʻo Tomsk i kēia lā. Aloha lākou i ko lākou ʻāina hānau liʻiliʻi, mālama i ko lākou mau hoa kamaʻāina, hana ikaika e hānai i ko lākou ʻāina (a me nā kamaʻāina he nui), a makemake wau e kūleʻa lākou i kā lākou hana paʻakikī.