Māhele: Hana hou
Mai ka nūpepa No. 4 2015
I kēia mau lā, ua ʻike nui ʻia ka hiki ʻole o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻuala me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hana. Akā he mau mea liʻiliʻi loa e hana maoli ana, nā ʻoihana Lūkini holoʻokoʻa ma kēia wahi ma ka mākeke. ʻO ka paʻa ʻole o ka hoʻokele waiwai ma ka ʻāina, nā pilikia me ka hōʻaiʻē ʻana a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe e hele mau ana ma ke ala o ka mea e hahai ana i kahi ala hele ʻole. No ka hoʻoholoʻana i kāu papahana, he mea nui eʻike i kahi hiʻohiʻona holomua i mua o kou mau maka.
Ke kono nei mākou iā ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻike o ka ʻoihana ʻo Moscow ʻo ZAO Ozery. I ka makahiki 2014, ua wehe ʻia kahi laina no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻuala maoli. He aha nā pilikia i loaʻa iā mākou a me nā mea a mākou i hoʻokō ai - ma ka moʻolelo o ka Luna Nui Sergei Pryamov.
He ʻanuʻu pono, akā koi ʻia
ʻO JSC "Ozery" kahi ʻoihana loea i ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu a me nā ʻuala. Ma 1300 mau ʻeka, ulu mākou i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma kahi o 50 tausani tons o nā huahana. Loaʻa iā mākou ka mana kūpono no ka holoi ʻana, hoʻomaʻemaʻe, hoʻopili a me ka mālama lōʻihi o ka huahana. Hāʻawi mākou i nā ʻuala a me nā mea kanu i nā kaulahao kūʻai i nā puke mau i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa, komo i nā papahana kūlanakauhale, ʻike ʻia e nā luna a kaulana i ka ʻoihana. Akā i kēlā me kēia makahiki, komo nā hanana hou i ka mākeke, a hāʻule ka loaʻa kālā. I ka nānā ʻana i kēia kūlana, noʻonoʻo mākou e pili ana i ka hana hou ʻana. Hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo he hana koʻikoʻi ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana chip no ka wā e hiki mai ana. Akā koi ʻia: inā hiki ke loaʻa kālā ma ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu, ʻaʻole mākou e hana.
Hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana me nā hua
ʻO ka mōʻaukala ma mua o ka wehe ʻana o ka hana chip he mea ʻoluʻolu loa ia no kā mākou ʻoihana. Akā, ʻaʻohe mea e hūnā ai, ʻaʻohe mea hana hoʻokahi e ulu ana i ka ʻuala a kūʻai i nā hua mai nā hui ʻaoʻao ʻekolu, ʻoiai nā mea kaulana loa a me nā poʻo inoa, ʻaʻole pale i kēia. ʻEhā makahiki aku nei, ua ʻike ʻia kahi ʻano huna o Ralstonia solanacearum i loko o kahi pūʻulu o kā mākou hua ʻuala i ulu ʻia mai nā mea i lawe ʻia mai. Ua hoʻāla ka manaʻo kānalua i ka nalu o nā loiloi. Ua lawe ʻia ka nui o nā laʻana i loko a a puni nā māla: ʻaʻole wale nā huahana, akā no ka wai, lepo, a me nā mea kanu i hiki ke lilo i kumu o nā mea quarantine. Ma kahi o 200 mau loea mai nā lawelawe like ʻole i kipa i ka mahiʻai, a ua loaʻa iā mākou ma mua o 180 mau hōʻike. Inā mākou i hoʻoholo e alakaʻi iā mākou iho i kahi haʻawina nui, ʻaʻole lawa kā mākou kālā. Akā ua lilo ʻo ZAO Ozyory i wahi i nānā nui ʻia ma Rūsia ma ka uku lehulehu. ʻO ka hopena, ʻaʻole i hōʻoia ʻia ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea quarantine, akā ua lawa ka lono e hoʻopau ʻia ka hapa nui o nā mea i ulu. I kēlā makahiki ua hoʻoponopono hou mākou i kā mākou hana. ʻO ka hopena nui a mākou i hana ai: "ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hilinaʻi i nā hua a nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, pono ʻoe e ulu iā ʻoe iho." Ke noʻonoʻo nei mākou e hana i kā mākou hale hana hua ponoʻī. Ke koho ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole, hilinaʻi mākou i nā mea kūʻē i ka maʻi Y a kūpono i ka hana ʻana.
I kēia manawa ʻo mākou ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ʻelima mau ʻano (ʻelua manuahi i lawe ʻia mai, ʻekolu home). Ke hoʻomākaukau nei mākou i ʻelua hou no ke kākau inoa ʻana.
Ke ulu nei mākou i nā ʻuala mai kā mākou mau hua ponoʻī a ʻaʻole e loaʻa nā kumukūʻai aliʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi, loaʻa iā mākou nā lako maka no ka hana ʻana. ʻO kēia ke kumu me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka papahana. Mahalo i kēia, hoʻopuka mākou i kahi huahana kūpono: ʻo ke kumukūʻai kūʻai o kahi pahu liʻiliʻi o Barin chips (40 g) e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kumu kūʻai o ka hapalua pānaʻi berena; hiki ke kūʻai ʻia kēlā mau ʻāpana me ka ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka waihona kālā e nā mea penihana. , ma ke ala, e hana i ka hapa nui o kā mākou mea kūʻai.
Loaʻa i ka mākeke
Me ka piʻi ʻana o ka waiwai o ke kālā i ko mākou ʻāina, ua hoʻomaka ka hāʻawi hou ʻana i ka mākeke snack: nui ka iʻa iʻa paʻakai a maloʻo, i lilo i kumu kūʻai no ka hapa nui o nā mea kūʻai aku, nalowale, a nalowale nā pistachios no ke kumu like. Akā ua ʻike ʻia kahi niche no kahi huahana kūloko me ke kumukūʻai kūpono. Manaʻo wau e loaʻa i kēlā me kēia māhele kona mau hōʻailona ponoʻī. Ma ʻEulopa, ma nā kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi, e haʻaheo ʻoe e hāʻawi haʻaheo i ka sausage kūloko, cheese, yogurt, waina, mea ʻē aʻe, a ʻoi aku ka waiwai o kēia ma mua o nā waiwai i kau ʻia e nā hui. A hiki mai kēia iā mākou. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o kēia no nā mea hana a me nā mea kūʻai aku. ʻIke mākou i ka mea a mākou e hana ai, nona nā makemake a mākou e nānā ai. A ʻoi aku ka hauʻoli o ka poʻe e kūʻai i nā huahana i ulu i nā māla a puni a ua hana ʻia ma kahi ʻoihana kūloko, e noʻonoʻo ana i nā ʻono o ka ʻāina.
He paʻakikī loa ka loaʻa ʻana ma nā papa o nā hypermarkets nui. Aneane pau nā kaulahao kūʻai i nā hui haole; ʻaʻohe o lākou hoihoi i kā mākou huahana. He mea paʻakikī iā mākou ke hoʻokūkū me nā makana haole, kākoʻo ʻia e ka hoʻolaha nui ma ke kīwī, akā ʻo ka hahai ʻana i ke ala like ʻo ia ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kumukūʻai o ka huahana.
I kēia manawa, maʻalahi ka loaʻa ʻana o nā chips Barin ma waho o ke kapikala. Hōʻike ʻia lākou ma mua o 180 mau hale kūʻai ma Rūsia, ma nā pūnaewele kūloko.
Hāʻawi ʻia kā mākou huahana i nā ʻāina kokoke: i Kazakhstan, no ka laʻana. ʻAʻole hoʻomohala ʻia ka ʻoihana ʻuala ma laila; ʻaʻohe mea hana kūloko.
Hoʻomā
ʻO nā chips kahi huahana e pono ai ka "lima lima". No laila, ma Rūsia ua koi nui lākou mai ka hopena o ʻApelila a i ka hoʻomaka o Kepakemapa. Ma ka hema o ka ʻāina e lōʻihi ka lōʻihi (He mea hoihoi ia e wehe i ka hana ma laila, akā ma ka Territory Krasnodar ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe, a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hāʻawi mau ʻana i ka ʻuala chip o ka maikaʻi kūpaʻa mai nā wahi ʻē aʻe. paʻakikī loa).
Pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo i ka wā e hoʻonohonoho ai i ka hana. I ke kau, hana mākou i nā huahana hou aku. I kā mākou hihia, ʻaʻole pono ka hana "ma kahi hale kūʻai", no ka mea ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻuala hou.
Ke hana nei kekahi mau mea hana i ka ukana 20 pakeneka i ka hooilo. Pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i kēia hihia, pono ʻoe e hoʻokahe i ka ʻaila (ʻo ka nui o nā poho he pahu kaʻa inā nui ka laina). Ma kā mākou ʻoihana, hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻaila i hoʻokahe ʻia i nā hana ʻē aʻe (kūʻai mākou i nā boilers e holo ana ma kēia ʻano wahie a hoʻohana iā lākou no ka hoʻomehana).
Ka ulu a mālama ʻana i nā mea maka
ʻO nā ʻuala no ka hana ʻana i nā chips e pili ana i nā koi koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi, no laila ua ulu wale lākou ma lalo o ka irrigation. I kēia hihia, hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōnaehana irrigation ʻaʻole wale no ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka wai, akā no ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā mea kanu. Loaʻa iā mākou nā pilikia me ka mea hope: no ka laʻana, ʻaʻole nā mea kanu pono āpau i kahi ʻano chelate, a i ʻole nā ʻano mea hana a pau i hoʻololi ʻia e hana me nā kemika (pipes oxidize). Akā ʻo ka paʻakikī nui, i koʻu manaʻo, ʻo ka wai ʻole mākou, a i ka nui e hiki ai iā mākou, ʻaʻole i ka nui o ka mea kanu e pono ai. I ka nui loa, ʻaʻole kēia kūlana ma muli o ka nele o nā kumuwaiwai wai, akā i ka mana o ke kumu kanaka. I kekahi manawa pono ʻoe e wehewehe inā ua, ʻaʻole kēia ke kumu e hoʻopau ai i ka wai ma nā kula. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, i ka wā maʻamau ka papa luna o ka lepo, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wai.
Hoʻokahi kumu kumu. ʻO ka ʻuala i manaʻo ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā chips he hapa nui o ka mea maloʻo, a koi i ka ʻenehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka mālama ʻana, no ka mea ma lalo o ke koʻikoʻi, hiki i nā carbohydrates ke lilo i sugars, kahi i kūpono ʻole ai ka huahana no ka hana ʻana. No laila, i ka wā e hōʻiliʻili ai, hoʻohana mākou i nā mea hōʻiliʻili ponoʻī e hōʻemi i ka hōʻeha ʻana i nā ʻuala, a i ka wā e mālama ai i ka ʻuala, mālama mau mākou iā lākou me nā inhibitors ulu.
ʻEnehana huahana
Nui nā ʻenehana no ka hana ʻana i nā chips i ka honua i loaʻa nā ʻokoʻa nui. I kekahi o lākou, no ka laʻana, aia kahi pae blanching (hoʻomaʻamaʻa pōkole o nā petals ʻuala i 80-90 °), e hoʻololi i ke ʻano cellular o ka huahana, e maʻalahi ai ka hana ʻana, akā ʻo ka ʻono maoli a me ke kala o ka. ua nalowale ka ʻuala. He mea koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi ka mahana a me ka manawa kalua ʻana, ka pae kaomi i ka umu, a pēlā aku.
Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia mea hana kāna palapala palai ponoʻī, kahi huna kālepa. ʻO nā kiʻi o nā mea hana nui, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ua pale ʻia e nā patent, kahi mea paʻakikī loa ka hana a nā mea hana chip novice. Hoʻohana pinepine nā hui chip i nā mea hana i hana ʻia e like me kā lākou kauoha, a ʻaʻohe kuleana o ka mea hana i nā mea hana ma lalo o ka ʻaelike e kūʻai aku i ke ʻano hoʻohālike o ka umu a i ʻole ka fryer i kekahi.
Kākoʻo
Ke koho ʻana i nā mea hana, ua hoʻokumu ʻia mākou ma nā loina like a mākou e hilinaʻi ai ma nā wahi hana ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻaʻole mākou i hahai i nā hōʻailona. Inā ʻoe e nānā i nā mea hana a mākou e hoʻohana ai ma nā māla a i ʻole nā hopena, e ʻike ʻoe i ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa o nā kala, no ka mea, ʻaʻole mākou i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i hoʻokahi mea hana, akā e hoʻāʻo e lawe i ka mea maikaʻi loa mai kēlā me kēia. Ma ʻaneʻi hoʻi, ua koho mākou i nā mīkini hou loa a ʻike ʻia i ka ʻoihana: kahi laina ʻili ʻuala, kahi laina ʻokiʻoki, kahi palai hohonu me kahi ʻōnaehana multifloor. Ua kūʻai mākou i nā mea hoʻonohonoho e hana i kahi kaiapuni i hoʻololi ʻia i ke kinoea i loko o ka ʻeke, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ke ola o ka huahana.
Ua hoʻoikaika ko mākou poʻe ʻenekinia e hōʻoia i ka hana like ʻana o nā mea hana a pau.
I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole mākou i hoʻolilo i ke kālā keu. No ka laʻana, ʻaʻole mākou i kūʻai i kahi laina hoʻopili automated. Hiki i nā packer ke hoʻokō maikaʻi i ka leo i kēia manawa. Wahi a kaʻu mau ʻike, nui nā papahana ma Rūsia i hōʻino ʻia e ka overinvestment: ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kānaka i ke kālā i nā lako, nā mīkini, a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale kūʻai ma mua o ka hiki ke hoʻi maoli ma hope.
ʻO ke kolu o ka ʻaoʻao ʻo ka hoʻopālua. Ma ko mākou ʻāina, maikaʻi ʻole ka lawelawe ʻana; inā haki kekahi mea, hiki iā ʻoe ke kali i nā hebedoma no nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa, akā paʻa mākou i nā ʻaelike a ʻaʻole hiki ke hāʻawi i ka downtime. No laila, loaʻa i nā mīkini kī āpau nā pani.
ʻO kaʻaila
ʻO kekahi ʻokoʻa maikaʻi ma waena o kā mākou huahana a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka aila meaʻai, kahi i hoʻohana nui ʻia e nā mea hana kaulana, ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai no mākou i ke kumukūʻai kūʻai o kēia manawa, akā hoʻopuka ka ʻāina i ka nui o ka ʻaila sunflower. Loaʻa iā mākou nā mea hoʻolako hilinaʻi e hoʻolako iā mākou i ka ʻaila mai ka hema o Rūsia; hana mākou i ka hui ʻana iā mākou iho.
Nā kāuli
He wahi ʻeha no kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao, ʻoi aku hoʻi no kahi mea hou. Ke hoʻāʻo nei mākou e ʻimi i nā loea hoihoi a ʻaʻole hoʻokaʻawale i ke kālā no ke aʻo ʻana: lawe mākou iā lākou ma waho.
Ke ho'āʻo nei mākou e huki i ka poʻe kamaʻāina e hana i nā ʻoihana (makemake ka poʻe noho o nā Lakes), manaʻo wau ʻo kā mākou kuleana kēia. Hāʻawi kekahi hui o ka hana i kahi hoʻoikaika kaiaulu. No laila inā alakaʻi ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi kuhikuhi hou i ka hana ʻana i nā hana hou, pono ia e alualu.
Loaʻa kālā
Loaʻa iā mākou ka hapa liona o kā mākou kālā mai ka hana ʻana a me ke kūʻai ʻana i nā mea kanu. ʻAʻole holo ka laina chip i kēia manawa i ka piha piha; ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana i kumu waiwai mau he hana koʻikoʻi, paʻakikī i nā kūlana he nui. I ko mākou ʻāina, no ka laʻana, uku ka mea hana mea kanu i ka VAT ma kahi koho koho o 10%, a inā e hana ʻo ia i kāna waiwai, ʻo ia ka 18%.
ʻAʻole hoʻomaha nā lā a pau
ʻAʻole wau e wahaheʻe, ʻoiai ke hana ʻia kā mākou mau ʻuala mai ka ʻuala maoli, ʻaʻole wau e ʻōlelo e ʻai i ʻelima mau ʻeke i kēlā me kēia lā. He huahana ʻahaʻaina kēia. Akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā lono e pili ana i ka pōʻino o nā chips. ʻO Acrylamides, ka mea makaʻu pinepine i ka poʻe aloha i ka ʻuala crispy, ʻike maoli ʻia i nā huahana āpau i loaʻa i nā kaʻa: ka berena, nā ʻeke, nā kuki...
Hiki iaʻu ke ʻōlelo e pili ana i kā mākou huahana ua loaʻa iā lākou ka haku mele kūpono a ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā mea hoʻohui. Hāʻawi mākou i kahi kaulike maikaʻi loa ma waena o ka waiwai o ka ikehu, nā kalapona i loaʻa i ke kanaka, a me ka nui o ka ʻeke.
No ka inoa
Hana mākou i nā ʻuala mai ka ʻano Barin, a ʻo ka huahana ponoʻī he inoa like. ʻAʻole mākou i kau i kekahi manaʻo hou i ka inoa o kā mākou brand. I kēia manawa, mihi iki au. Ua ʻoi aku ka pololei o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka inoa me nā poʻe maoli, ka hana maoli, nā māla - he aha ka hana. ʻO ka inoa kumu "hana" ʻo "Straight from the Garden," akā ua hoʻohuli ʻia ka hui.
I kēia manawa ke hoʻolālā nei mākou e hoʻonui i ka laina a hoʻokuʻu i nā ʻāpana kala mai ka ʻuala a me ka ʻulaʻula (i hana ʻia mai nā ʻano hou me nā waiwai antioxidant). ʻO ka mea nui, e hoʻokuʻu ʻia lākou ma lalo o kahi hōʻailona ʻē aʻe.
Inā loaʻa ia, no ke aha ʻaʻole me ka "maka Lūkini"?
Manaʻo wau i ka wā e hiki mai ana e hoʻomohala ka ʻāpana meaʻai wikiwiki, a ikaika loa. E hoʻomanaʻo: 100 mau makahiki aku nei, ua hoʻohana nā kānaka i ka awelika o ʻehā hola e hoʻomākaukau ai i ka ʻaina ahiahi. I nā makahiki 60 o ke kenekulia i hala, me ka hana ʻana o nā kapuahi a me nā mea kuke kaomi, ua hala he hola a me ka hapa. A laila ua ʻike ʻia nā umu microwave a lilo nā huahana semi-finished. Ke wikiwiki nei ka puana o ke ola. Ke ulu nei ka noi no nā huahana meaʻai wikiwiki, a ʻoi aku ka pololei inā e hoʻokō mua ʻia ka pono me nā huahana i hana ʻia e Lūkini.
ʻAʻole wau e kamaʻilio nui i kēia manawa e pili ana i nā chips, akā e pili ana i nā huahana hou i hoʻoponopono ʻia (nā huaʻai i ʻeli ʻia i loko o nā ʻeke wela; nā mea kanu i mālama ʻia i ka wela; mālama ʻia i hoʻomākaukau ʻia me ka ʻenehana kuke ʻana), ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mea ma ka mākeke. Akā ʻo nā ʻoihana e hana nei i kēia mau mea a pau, ʻo ia mau hale kīhini ponoʻī, ʻaʻole pono e noho mamao, ʻaʻole ma Polani a me Holani, akā ma kēlā me kēia kūlanakauhale o mākou, pono lākou e ʻike ʻia ma waho o ka puka makani. Ma kēia ala mākou e hoʻolako ai i nā poʻe me nā meaʻai kūpono kiʻekiʻe a loaʻa nā manawa kūpono no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana. He hana koʻikoʻi kēia e pono e hoʻoholo i kēia lā.