Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai, kū mai kahi pilikia koʻikoʻi ma nā ʻāina mahiʻai - ke ʻano o nā mea kanu makemake ʻole. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopau iā ia ma nā ʻano like ʻole, akā ʻo ke ala maikaʻi loa o ka mālama ʻana i ka mauʻu ʻo ia ka lāʻau herbicide. ʻO ia ka pulupulu ʻana i nā kemika no ke kumu o ka luku ʻana a i ʻole ka luku piha ʻana i nā mea kanu.
I kēlā me kēia makahiki, nā loea mai ka lālā o ka Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" ma ka Territory Krasnoyarsk e hana i ka nānā ʻana i ka phytosanitary o nā mea ʻino, incl. nahelehele. ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka weed kekahi o nā wahi nui o nā hana pale i hana ʻia ma ka ʻāina, no ka mea, hiki i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka weed ke hōʻemi nui i nā hua. Inā nui ka weeding, ʻaʻole lawa nā mea kanu i nā mea kanu, ka maʻa a me ka māmā. Hāʻawi pū ka nahele i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā mea ʻino a me nā maʻi.
I ka wā ulu o 2023, ua mālama ʻia nā mālama herbicide ma nā mea kanu mahiʻai ma kahi o 737,1 tausani heka (1209,9 mano mau ʻeka i ka helu hoʻokahi), ʻo ia ka 40% o ka ʻāina arable. ʻO kēia, 541,2 tausani ʻeka i mālama ʻia e kūʻē i ka nāhelehele cereal, a ʻo 668,7 tausani ʻeka e kūʻē i nā mauhele ākea. ʻO ka nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻule i ka puna cereal hua kanu - 27,8%; nā pulupulu - puna wai - 6,6%; oat - 1,7%; mahu - 1,1%; nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe - 2,8%. (Fig. 1).
ʻO ka māhele o nā lāʻau i lawe ʻia mai he 37%, home - 48%, import-domestic - 15%. (Fig. 2).
ʻO nā herbicides i hoʻohana nui ʻia e pili ana i ka mea hana:
- no nā huaʻai cereal puna: thiencarbazone-methyl + iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium + mefenpyr-diethyl antidote; 2,4-D (2-ethylhexyl ester) + florasulam; fenoxaprop-P-ethyl + clodinafop-propargyl + mefenpyr-diethyl;
- ma ka palaoa legumes: clethodim; chisalofop-P-ethyl + imazamox; fluazifop-P-butyl;
- ma ka oats: dicamba (dimethylamine paʻakai); tribenuron-methyl; 2,4-D (2-ethylhexyl ester) + picloram + florasulam;- ma ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa puna: clopyralid (2-ethylhexyl ether) + imazamox; clopyralid + picloram; haloxyfop-R-methyl.