Piʻi paha ke kumukūʻai meaʻai (e like me ka ʻuala a i ʻole ke kō). He aha kēia pili me? ʻO ka mea mua, me ka nele o nā huahana pale mea kanu (PPPs). ʻAe, ʻoiaʻiʻo, aia ka pilikia e piʻi aʻe nā kumukūʻai no kēia mau kālā liʻiliʻi. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka pale, ua hoʻoweliweli kēia i ka nalowale o ka hua mai 10 a 60%. Kūʻai nui ʻia nā mea waiwai no nā huahana pale mea kanu mai Kina, ke hoʻāʻo nei e hōʻemi i ka hopena o ke kaiapuni a hoʻemi i ka hana ʻana o nā waiwai pili ʻole. ʻO ka Ministry of Agriculture, ma muli o ke ʻano o nā mea kanu mineral, ua hoʻolauna i ka nānā ʻana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā huahana mahiʻai i nā mahiʻai.
No ka mālama ʻana i ke kūlana, ua hoʻolauna ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā huahana palekana mahiʻai ma nā wahi mai Ianuali 2022, hōʻike ʻo Rossiyskaya Gazeta e pili ana i ka Ministry of Agriculture. Ke hana nei ka 'Oihana, me ka 'Oihana o ka 'Oihana a me Kālepa, "e hoʻoholo i nā pilikia e pili ana i ka hāʻawi manawa kūpono o nā mahiʻai me nā kemika." Ke noʻonoʻo ʻia nei nā lako ʻē aʻe e hoʻopaʻa i ke kūlana ma ka mākeke no nā huahana pale mea kanu, hoʻohui ka ʻoihana.
ʻO ia mau hoʻoholo i hana ʻia ma hope o kahi hālāwai ma ka Ministry of Agriculture ma Ianuali 13, i alakaʻi ʻia e ka Hope Kuhina hou ʻo Andrei Razin. I ka wā o ka hālāwai, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Russian Union of Manufacturers of Plant Protection Chemical i ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai no nā huahana pale mea kanu ma 2022 e 20% ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai o nā mea hana (nā mea maka no nā huahana pale mea kanu) a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka logistic. koina.
Wahi a nā mana kūloko o ka ʻoihana agro-industrial, ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka diquat-containing a me ka glyphosate-containing preparations (herbicides) mai 20 a 80%, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka emi ʻana o ko lākou loaʻa no nā mea mahiʻai i kēia makahiki. . No laila, ke piʻi aʻe nei nā pilikia o ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu mahiʻai, ʻae ka Ministry of Agriculture.
Ke hilinaʻi nei ʻo Rūsia i ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā mea hana mai nā ʻāina ʻē - ʻaʻole lākou i synthesized ma aneʻi, wahi a Gor Manukyan, alakaʻi loea ma Kynetec (Kleffmann Group). Ma kahi o 60% o ka nui o nā mea ikaika i lawe ʻia mai Kina. Wahi a ka loea, ma ka hopena o 2021, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā kumukūʻai no ka nui o nā mea hana ma Kina e 1,5-2 mau manawa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2020. He aha ke kumu o ka pilikia ikehu. Eia kekahi, ua pilikia nā pilikia logistic. I kēia manawa ua kūpaʻa nā kumukūʻai. Akā i kēia manawa ke loaʻa nei ka manaʻo "'ōmaʻomaʻo" i Kina, a he mea lōʻihi kēia e hoʻohuli ai i ka mākeke honua no nā huahana pale o nā mea kanu, ʻōlelo ka loea.
I ka manawa like, ʻaʻohe mea hoʻolako nui ʻē aʻe o nā mea hana. Aia kekahi mau hui honua i kā lākou mau kahua hana ma nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, e hōʻemi ana i kā lākou pilikia i kekahi ʻano. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i kā lākou hiki ke uhi piha i nā pono o nā lako maka Kina, wehewehe ʻo Manukyan.
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻana i nā huahana pale mea kanu hiki ke alakaʻi i ka laha ʻana o nā mauʻu, nā maʻi a me nā pest. ʻAʻole ia e hoʻopilikia i ka nui wale nō, akā i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻohi e hiki mai ana.
ʻO nā mea kanu koi nui e mālama ʻia ʻo ia ka beets sugar, ʻuala, nā mea kanu a me nā huaʻai. No ka laʻana, mālama ʻia ka ʻuala me nā fungicide ʻehā mau manawa i ka wā ulu.
Wahi a ke poʻo o nā limahana o ka Potato Union, ʻo Tatyana Gubina, ʻaʻohe hapa o nā huahana pale o nā mea kanu, ʻoiai ke kūʻai ʻia nei nā mea kūʻai nui ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā mahiʻai, ʻo ka nalu ʻelua i ka wā ponoʻī. I ka manawa like, he hua capricious ka ʻuala. Hoʻopili nui ʻo ia i ka wā, nā maʻi, nā ʻōpala. A i kēia manawa ke loli nei ke aniau, no laila pono e hilinaʻi ka palekana e like me ka hiki, wahi a Gubina. Inā ʻaʻole, hoʻoweliweli kēia i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻohi ʻuala, no nā kumu like ʻole, ʻaʻole lawa ka ʻohi ʻia i nā kau ʻelua i hala. ʻO ka hopena he piʻi nui o nā kumukūʻai. Wahi a Rosstat, i ka makahiki i hala, ua piʻi ka ʻuala i ke kumukūʻai ma mua o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa.
Wahi a ka ʻike mai ka Luna Nui o ka ʻoihana Bio-Ton, ʻo Irina Logacheva, ma kahi o ka piʻi nui ʻana o nā kumukūʻai no nā huahana pale mea kanu (no kekahi mau mea ma 130% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā kumukūʻai i Kepakemapa i ka makahiki i hala), aia kekahi hapa. ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau hui glyphosate ma ka mākeke, a me nā disinfectants i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā hua