E like me ka mea i hoʻohiki ʻia, ke hoʻolaha nei mākou i ka ʻike e pili ana i ke kaulahao waiwai ʻuala a me kāna mau loulou pākahi. I kēia pule e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka launa pū ʻana o nā kamaʻāina kūloko me nā mahiʻai a kūkākūkā i kekahi mau laʻana o ka hui kūleʻa.
1. Ka launa pū ʻana ma waena o nā kamaʻāina a me nā hoa
Ke hana nei kēlā me kēia ʻāina ma sub-Saharan Africa i ka noiʻi ʻuala e pili ana i nā mea hoʻolako waiwai a me nā mea kūʻai aku. Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa pinepine kahi ʻāpana territorial ma waena o nā hoa, e alakaʻi i ka hana hou ʻana o nā hana a no laila e hoʻopau ʻia nā kumu waiwai, a pale pū i ke kaulahao waiwai ʻuala mai ka ikaika.
Hana ʻia ka noiʻi ma nā keʻena noiʻi mahiʻai ʻāina, kahi i loaʻa nā kikowaena noiʻi, nā kulanui a me nā hoa pilikino. ʻO ka manawa pinepine ka International Potato Center, nā kula ʻē aʻe a me nā hui noiʻi e hana like me ia mau hoa.
He liʻiliʻi ke komo ʻana o ka poʻe mahiʻai kūloko a me nā mea kūʻai aku i ka noiʻi, e like me ke koho ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kā lākou ʻano mahiʻai.
Hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ʻole ka palena kālā i ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻenehana, ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā ʻano like ʻole a me kā lākou hāʻawi ʻana, a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hopena noiʻi. ʻAʻole hōʻike pono ʻia nā ʻenehana hou i nā ʻano agro-ecological like ʻole, ma muli o ka palena o nā kālā a me nā kumuwaiwai kanaka. ʻO ka hopena, ua lohi ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana. ʻO kahi laʻana maikaʻi ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hua maikaʻi mai nā ʻano ʻuala i hoʻokuʻu ʻia a me ko lākou kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka loaʻa.
I ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina o ʻApelika, ʻaʻole makemake ka ʻoihana pilikino i ka hana ʻuala ma muli o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o nā hua, a me nā mea kanu pala. Aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa, e like me Kisima Farm Ltd.
Ke ulu nei ka hui ma kahi o 100 ha / kau (200 ha / makahiki) hua ʻuala mai nā mea kanu in vitro i kūʻai ʻia mai Genetic Technologies International Limited (GTIL) a me Stokmen Rozen. ʻO kēia mau ʻoihana ʻelua he kuleana pilikino a hana i nā mea kanu in vitro e kauoha.
Ma ʻAitiopia, aia kahi hui Solagrow (Holland), nāna e hoʻopuka i nā hua ʻuala. Loaʻa iā ia kāna keʻena micropropagation pono'ī, kahi e hiki ai iā ia ke hana i nā hua maʻemaʻe, akā ua loaʻa iā ia kahi pilikia nui i ka wā i luku ʻia ai kekahi o kāna mau mahiʻai i ka wā o ka haunaele kīwila i hoʻomaka i ka makahiki 2016 ma nā wahi o ka ʻāina.
He mea nui ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau hua pāʻoihana kūleʻa a me nā mahi ʻuala i mea e loaʻa ai kahi ʻoihana ʻuala maikaʻi.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā kulekele aupuni i ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina o ʻApelika e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hana ʻana i ka ʻuala, e hoʻopilikia i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kumuwaiwai e like me nā hua maikaʻi, nā mea kanu a me nā pesticides.
He mahiʻai pilikino ʻo Kisima Farm aia ma ka Apana ʻo Meru, Apana ʻo Buuri, ma ka hikina o Kenya. He moʻolelo lōʻihi kona. Mai ka hana ʻana i nā cereals e like me ka palaoa a me ka bale i ka ʻaila a me nā legumes.
ʻO nā mea i loaʻa mai kēia hana he kumu kālā no ka hana ʻuala i hoʻomaka koke nei.
Hoʻopuka ʻo Kisima i nā hua ʻuala ma kahi o 200 ha i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ʻelua mau kau (100 ha i kēlā me kēia kau). Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Pharma e hoʻoulu i ka ʻuala i ka makahiki 2008/2009 ma 8 ha wale nō. Hoʻohana ʻo Kisima i nā ʻenehana 3G i hoʻolaha ʻia e CIP (International Potato Center) e hoʻolaha wikiwiki i nā hua maʻemaʻe me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka aeroponics.
Ke hui pū nei ʻo Kisima me ka Syngenta Sustainable Agriculture Foundation (SFSA). Mai ka makahiki 2011, ua hāʻawi ʻo ia i nā hua ʻuala i hōʻoia ʻia i nā mea hana hua liʻiliʻi ma Meru.
Ua loaʻa i ka mahiʻai ke kākoʻo mai ka African Enterprise Fund. Ma kahi o ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā hua ʻuala maikaʻi e hoʻonui ai i ka huahana liʻiliʻi e 60% a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā hana, hoʻomaikaʻi ka Kisima Foundation i ke kaiāulu ma kāna wahi o ka hana ma nā ʻano like ʻole, me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka hoʻonaʻauao, mālama olakino, ʻike mahiʻai a me ka palekana o ke kaiapuni.