Ke hele nei ka mākeke pale pale honua i nā manawa paʻakikī. Ua hoʻemi ka nui o ka mākeke pale pale mea kanu mai $ 60,5 biliona ma 2014 a $ 54,15 biliona ma 2017. I ka makahiki 2018, ua ulu haʻahaʻa ka mākeke honua e 2,03%. Akā ʻaʻole hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia kēia he kumu no ka optimism. ʻO nā pōʻino kūlohelohe a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā kaohi kapu no kekahi mau pūʻulu pesticides i loaʻa a hoʻomau i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole ma ka mākeke.
Wahi a Bob Fairklow, CEO o Amis AgriGlobe, e kū ana ka ʻoihana i nā pilikia i kēia makahiki, me nā hopena o nā hoʻoholo politika, nā kaua kalepa a me ka ulu ʻana o ka papa o ka European Union a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe. ʻO kekahi o nā pane kūpono i kēia mau pilikia he ʻenehana uila hou paha, e hōʻike nui nei iā lākou iho i ka ʻoihana pale hua.
E nānā i ka pae o ka digitalization o nā ʻoihana a me nā hanana e hana nei i ka ʻoihana pale mea kanu, ʻO Global AgriBusiness ua nīnauele ʻia he 210 mau mea pane mai 57 mau ʻāina. ʻO ke aʻo ʻana e pili ana i nā mea hana (36%), nā mea hāʻawi (25%), a me nā ʻelele o nā kula nui, nā aupuni, nā hui, nā NGO, nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a me nā hui ʻē aʻe. Hōʻike ʻia ka laulā o nā huahana i hana ʻia e nā ʻoihana ana i ka Helu 1.
E like me ka hōʻike ʻana i hōʻike ʻia, i kēia manawa he 26,7% wale nō o nā ʻoihana i noi ʻia e hana me ka ʻenehana mahiʻai kikoʻī, ʻoi aku ma mua o 23,8% e hana nei i nā lakohana no kēia. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē, aia nō ka mahiʻai pololei i kona wā kamaliʻi i nā wahi he nui o ka honua. Eia nō naʻe, e loli koke ke kiʻi: ʻoi aku ma mua o 82% o nā mea pane e manaʻoʻiʻo e hoʻonui nui ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i nā huahana pale mea kanu i nā mahina he 12 e hiki mai ana. Ma lalo o 5% o nā mea pane e hōʻole a i ʻole kūʻē paha i kēia ʻōlelo.
E like me ka mea i pane mai i ka ʻimi noiʻi, "e kī nui nā noi uila ma kēia mua aku no ka ulu ʻana o nā hua, ke kūpaʻa a me ka mākaukau no nā lula e hiki mai ana a me nā pilikia kaiapili."
Nā Drones a me nā pesticides
E mālama ʻia nā loli i nā mokulele ʻelua a me ka lawelawe ʻana i ka honua. Ma mua o 86% o nā mea pane e manaʻoʻiʻo he nui ka hopena o nā drones a me nā drones a i ʻole kekahi hopena i ka pale ʻana i nā mea kanu. ʻOi aku ka nui (92%) e ʻōlelo i ka "kaohi pesticide spray a me ka noi hoʻokaʻawale" e hopena i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana pale hua.
"ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā formulate hou ka hana mua. Aia nā manawa kūpono no nā mea hoʻomohala ma aneʻi, "wahi a CS Liew, Luna Hoʻokele o Pacific Agriscience Pte Ltd a me kahi lālā o ka AgriBusiness's Global Advisory Board. "I mea e hoʻonui ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā drones i nā lāʻau pesticide, pono e hana i nā formulated hou."
Wahi a ka ana, e nui ka hopena o nā drones ma ʻAmelika Hema: ma kahi o 50% o ka poʻe i pane ʻia i helu ʻia ka ʻāina ma kahi e hana ai nā drones / drones i kahi ʻokoʻa i ka pale ʻana i nā hua. I kēia manawa, aia nā lula ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e pono i nā mea lawelawe drone ke ʻike i kā lākou mau drones ʻoiai lākou e hana nei, a pono e kapa inoa ʻia nā huahana no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ea. Hoʻokau pū nā ʻāina nui i nā palena o ka ʻenehana - ʻaʻole i nui ka nui o ke ola o ka pila ma ka drone a me ka uku hiki.
ʻO nā kānāwai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma Kina a me ʻAkia Hema hikina i hoʻokau i kēia mau wahi i ka hā o ka papa inoa o nā ʻāina kahi e loaʻa ai ka hopena nui o nā drone / drones.
Aia kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe e hoʻohuli i nā noi drone. "I nā ʻāina kahi e hoʻoponopono nui ʻia ai nā mākeke, pono ʻia nā ʻike hou aku e hāʻawi i ka loli i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pono ʻenehana a me nā noi," i ʻōlelo ʻia e kahi mea pane. "ʻO kēia ka mea e keʻakeʻa ai i ka hānai mua ʻana ma muli o ke kumukūʻai a me ka manawa e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i kēlā ʻano ʻikepili."
Nā hāʻina honua
Ua hōʻike ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana ua like ke kūlana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pesticides me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻa kaʻa honua: ʻo ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ʻEulopa Komohana a me ʻAmelika Hema i lawe i nā wahi mua ʻekolu, ua iho ʻo Kina / Hikina Hema ʻAsia i ka lima o ka wahi ma hope o ʻEulopa Hema.
Hoʻohuli ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale noho ʻana ʻaʻole wale ma ka kaomi hoʻoponopono e hoʻonui ai i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, akā e nā pilikia hoʻi me ka glyphosate. ʻO nā rula e kaohi ana i kāna hoʻohana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pale mauʻu e hoʻoulu nei i ka hoihoi i ka hoʻohana pono / kāohi ʻia o nā huahana pale hua. Wahi a ka nānā ʻana, ua ʻōlelo ʻo 49% ʻo nā pilikia me ka glyphosate ke hoʻololi nei i ko lākou ʻano e pili ana i ka hoʻohana pesticide.
No nā noi pesticide i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia a pololei hoʻi e lilo i pālahalaha nui aʻe, pono e hoʻāla ʻia ʻenehana hou ma o ka pae lako.
"Pono nā mea kūʻai aku e hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻolaha i ka waiho pololei ʻana a hoʻomohala i nā ʻōlelo hou no kā lākou mea kūʻai aku," i kākau ai kahi mea pane. "Hāʻawi kēia iā lākou i kahi manawa kūpono nui e mālama i nā mea kūʻai aku a hoʻololi i nā waiwai nalo mai ka hōʻemi ʻana o nā kūʻai aku. ʻO nā ʻenehana a me nā ʻoihana e hāʻawi i ka 'recipe' no ka hoʻohana pololei ʻana i nā agrochemicals e lanakila i ka hopena. ”
ʻO ka ʻenehana hana hana i nā makahiki i hala aku nei i hiki ai i nā mea ulu ke hoʻemi i ka nui o nā pesticides e pono ai e kāpī i nā mea kanu. A hiki i ka noi kikoʻī ke hōʻemi hou i ka nui o ka huahana i pīpī ʻia. Ma kahi kokoke ʻekolu hapahā o ka poʻe i pane ʻia e ʻae i ka ʻenehana noi kikoʻī e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i nā kūʻai aku o nā agrochemicals i loko o 12-24 mau mahina aʻe.
"Hiki i nā lita o ka huahana ke hoʻonāukiuki i nā ʻoihana hana," i ʻōlelo ʻia e kahi mea pane. "Akā ʻo nā formulated hou a me nā formulated hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i nā drones / drones hiki ke ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ke kūʻai aku ʻana i nā lita he nui."
ʻOiai ʻo ka poʻe e manaʻo ana he lōʻihi paha ka lōʻihi o ka noi ʻana i ka pololei.
"He kuleana ko nā wānana, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pilikia loea ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia. E lōʻihi ana ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka wanana no ka drone spraying e hoʻolaha aku ai i kahi ʻāpana nui o ka māla, "wahi a kahi mea pane. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia e kekahi mea pane aʻe e like me kēia: “E like me ka nui o nā hana, ʻo ka noi pololei ʻana o nā huahana pale mea kanu e loaʻa i ko lākou wahi; akā ʻaʻole ia ka hopena piha o kēia manawa. "
ʻO ka pahuhopu no nā hui he nui i makemake i ka mahiʻai pololei e hoʻoholo pono i kahi e hoʻopukapuka ai i kā lākou kālā a me ka ikehu.
Ma mua o 90% o nā poʻe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ʻae ʻia me ka ʻōlelo e "pono nā hui ʻenehana agrochemical a kikoʻī e ʻimi i nā pilina ʻoihana i nā mahina 12-24 e hiki mai ana."
A, ʻoiai, ʻo ka noi kikoʻī o nā pesticides kahi ʻāpana hoʻokahi o ka hāʻawi o nā ʻenehana mahiʻai hou e hoʻohana ana i ka digitalization. E like me ka ʻōlelo a kekahi mea pane, “Koi ʻia nā noi hou a me nā mea hou. ʻAʻole lawa ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā drones a i ʻole ka hoʻohana kikoʻī ʻana i nā pesticides. "
ʻO nā makahiki e hiki mai ana he mea hoihoi ia no ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i nā pesticides ma kahi kikoʻī a me ka mahiʻai pono i ka nui. Hōʻike nā hopena o kēia anamanaʻo ʻaʻole kēia he hele hala a pono e mākaukau nā ʻoihana e hana me kēia ulu ulu. Ua hōʻike kekahi o ka mea i noi ʻia e loaʻa i nā loli hou ka hopena nui a mau loa i ka ʻoihana: "ʻO ka mahi ʻana ʻo Precision ka hopena hou aʻe ma hope o ka Green Revolution."
E heluhelu piha: https://www.agroxxi.ru/