ʻO Autumn i Lūkia ka manawa e ʻōwili ai i nā panakō. Eia nō naʻe, ke emi a emi mai nei kēia ʻano hana home i waena o nā wahine hale o kēia au. Me he mea lā e wehe kēia mea i nā manawa hou no nā mea kanu mea kanu i kanu ʻia a me nā mahiʻai e ulu ana i nā mea kanu ...
Akā ma ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole maopopo i nā mea āpau.
Ma ka lima hoʻokahi, ke ulu maoli nei ka hana ʻana o nā mea kanu i loko o ka ʻāina, e wehe ana nā ʻoihana hou, ke ulu nei ka noi.
Wahi a BusinesStat, mai ka 2012 a i ka hopena o ka 2016, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā kūʻai aku o nā huahana kēpau e 5,4% a ua hōʻea i 2016 miliona mau tona i ka hopena o 1,34. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ke koho ʻana o nā mea kanu kēpau ma nā waihona o nā hale kūʻai i koe ka palena. I kēia manawa, ka ʻāpana o ka liona o ka mākeke kanu huehue Lūkia no kekahi mau pūʻulu huahana: nā kukama kēpau a me nā ʻōmato; nā piʻa ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ke kulina; paʻi kōmato; piʻa; caviar kuʻi; ʻoliva a me nā ʻoliva.
I kēia manawa, i ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina, ulu nui ke kāpeti, kāloti, beets, ʻaka, a me ka ʻuala. Hoʻohana ʻia kekahi o kēia hana no ka mālama ʻana, akā hiki i kēia manawa he mea nui ʻole ia. ʻO nā salakeke, nā beets pickled, nā sopa mākaukau - ʻo kēia mau mea āpau i nā hale wili nui hele pinepine me ka hoʻohui nui, a ʻo ka noi no kēia mau kūlana i nā wahi waena o Lūkia ʻaʻole lawa ke kiʻekiʻe e hoʻonāukiuki i nā hale hana e hoʻonui i nā puke hana, ʻoiai ʻaʻole maʻalahi kēia hana.
KOMOHUI KOMOHUI
ʻO ka ʻoihana o ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu kēpau, e like me nā mea e pili ana i ka hana ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia he maʻalahi. Pono ka hoʻomaka o kahi papahana i nā hoʻopukapuka koʻikoʻi (kokoke i kēlā me kēia huahana e koi i kahi laina kaʻawale). I ka manawa like, hoʻohana ʻia nā lako makamae ma ka awelika ʻelua a ʻekolu mau mahina paha o ka makahiki. No laila, aia nā pilikia me nā limahana: no ʻekolu mau mahina i ka makahiki e hana ʻia ai ka poʻe i ʻekolu mau loli, ʻo ka mea i koe he eiwa - ʻaʻohe hana. Pili pono nā puke kūʻai aku i ka wā.
ʻO Seasonality kekahi o nā pilikia nui o nā ʻoihana i kēia ʻāpana. Wahi a ka loea ma ka mākeke mālama, ka mea kākau o ka ʻaoʻao aʻoaʻo ʻo Conservator ma Facebook, ka mea kālepa ʻo Daria Bakushina, hāʻule ka hapa nui o ka hana i ke kauwela a me ke kau mua. No laila, ʻo kēia ka wā kumukūʻai nui loa no nā hale hana (ke kūʻai ʻia nei nā mea maka), akā i kēia mau mahina i hōʻea ai ka ʻoihana i kāna "lalo" o nā kūʻai aku: makemake nā mea kūʻai i nā mea kanu hou i nā mea i kēna. Hoʻomaka e hoʻi mālie nā kālā hoʻopukapuka (e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana) ʻaʻole ma mua o Nowemapa, akā ʻoi aku ka nui ma hope, no ka mea hoʻouna ʻia nā huahana i nā hale kūʻai me ka uku hoʻolohi.
He mea kūpono loa ia ka hāʻawi koʻikoʻi nui i ka hana e hāʻawi ʻia i nā kūlana helu marginal. Wahi a Daria Bakushina, he mea pono ʻole ka mea hana no ka mālama ʻana i ka huahana hoʻoilo me ka huli ʻana o nā mea he 200 mau kalona, a i ke kauwela he mea e pili ana i nā miliona miliona. ʻAʻole komo kēia mau lawena (a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe mai nā mea kanu o ka borscht set). No laila, ua hana pinepine ʻia lākou i ka "off season", mai nā mea ʻona maikaʻi loa. A ʻo kēia, e like me ka mea e hoʻokūkū nei, ʻike pū kekahi i ka kaulana o ka huahana: ʻo ka huehue maikaʻi maikaʻi ʻole hiki ke kūʻai ʻia ma lalo o 100 mau rubles, a ʻaʻole mākaukau ka mea kūʻai aku i ka uku like.
ʻO kekahi pilikia ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻokūkū a me ka paʻakikī o ke komo ʻana i nā kaulahao kūʻai. Wahi a Leonid Goncharov, Luna Hoʻokele o Abakan Factory-Kitchen LLC, ma ka wahi e lawelawe ai kāna ʻoihana (ka hana ʻana i nā sopa kēpau mākaukau a me nā papa nui), aia ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli mau hale hana ʻē aʻe a lākou e hoʻokūkū ai i kēlā me kēia lā no ka waihona i ka hale kūʻai.
ʻO nā mea hana i nā mea kanu kēpau maoli (ʻuala, kāloti, beets, ʻonika) ʻaʻole ʻike iki i ke kūlana ma ka mākeke. Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau mea ʻai i nā mea mālama kānāwai, nā halemai, a me nā wahi o ka ʻĀkau Hema. ʻOiai he hoʻokūkū ma aneʻi pū kekahi: ʻo ka ʻaelike mokuʻāina no nā lako e loaʻa i ka mea i hiki ke hāʻawi i kahi huahana e kū i nā koina o GOST ma ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa. Hiki ke paʻakikī ka mālama ʻana i nā kumukūʻai i lalo no nā kumu like ʻole.
Ua hoʻopiʻi ʻo Elena Ismailova, ka luna o ka cannery Nizhnegorsk (Republic of Crimea) i kēlā manawa, hiki iā ia ke paʻakikī i kāna ʻoihana e hoʻokūkū me nā hui "ʻāina ʻāina". Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka moku Crimean no nā kamaka, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mea lawe a me nā mea pono no ka mālama hānai ʻia i hāʻawi ʻia i ka mea kanu i ke ala hoʻohālikelike, a me ka hoʻopuka ʻana i nā huahana i pau i nā mea kūʻai. Hoʻonui ka uku kūʻai i ka uku kūʻai.
Akā he pilikino kēia a, makemake wau e manaʻoʻiʻo, pilikia pilikia. Akā ke kū nei nā mea hana āpau i ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai no nā mea maka. No laila i kēia kau, hōʻole nā ʻelele o nā ʻoihana e kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā kumukūʻai kūpono no kā lākou huahana a hiki i ka hopena o ka hōʻiliʻili. "Wela ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kauwela, ʻaʻole lawa ka wai, a nui ka poʻe mahiʻai i ʻōlelo he kumukūʻai nā mea kanu," i wehewehe ai ʻo Elena Ismailova. "Akā pehea ka pipiʻi a mākou i ʻike ʻole ai." "Ke anuanu, ka wela, ka huahekili, nā ʻūhini - he aha ka mea i ʻole ma ka ʻāina i kēia kau," wahi a Daria Bakushina. - Ma ka liʻiliʻi ua hoʻopili ʻia nā mea kanu e like me ka pī, kō, nā ʻōmato, a me nā kukama. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai mua e hoʻonui ʻia i nā manawa he nui. "
Ke ʻōlelo nei i nā lako oha. He mea kupaianaha ʻole kekahi o nā ʻelele o nā hana i noiʻi ʻia i kapa ʻia ʻole ka nui o nā mea maka, nā haki hana ʻole, a i ʻole ka maikaʻi maikaʻi o nā huahana mahiʻai e like me nā pilikia. Ua kamaʻilio nā kānaka a pau e pili ana i nā pilina lōʻihi, nā mea hoʻolako paʻa. Akā ʻo ka nele o ke kākoʻo o ka ʻāina i ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe no ka ʻololi a me nā mea pono, hāʻawi ʻia ka nui o VAT mai 2019% mai 20, ua ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o hoʻokahi.
Wahi a Daria Bakushina, i kēia lā ʻaʻole manaʻo ka ʻoihana i ke kōkua o nā luna: “ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kōkua i kahi hanana paʻakikī, a inā kūleʻa ʻoe, a laila pono ʻoe e uku koke iā VAT i kēia nui. Inā he mea hoihoi, he luna ʻoihana akamai, me nā ʻoihana maikaʻi, me ke kālā, me ke kūʻē liʻiliʻi mai ka luna kūloko, e hana ʻo ia i kahi hoʻolālā ma ke kula, e kūkulu i kahi mea kanu ma laila, e kanu i kahi mea kanu a hana iā ia, a laila maikaʻi inā ʻaʻole lākou e ālai. Akā ʻo ka hana ʻana i kahi huahana maikaʻi ka hapalua o ke kaua. Pono nō naʻe e kūʻai aku. ʻO kahi kauoha hou e pono ai. Nui koʻu mahalo i nā mea nona ia, e ʻōlelo paha kekahi, "ʻoiai" e hānai i ka poʻe. "
NA HAAWIEOLE
He mea nui kēia o nā kūkulu kūloko o kēia wā. I ka ʻoihana ʻimi i kēia mau lā, hana pinepine ʻia nā hana Soviet, ʻoiai ke hoʻomau nei kekahi mau loli. Wahi a Natalia Posokina, ke poʻo o ka ʻenehana ʻoihana ʻoihana ma ka All-Russian Research Institute of Canning Technology, ʻo nā mea pinepine pinepine ʻia i ka wā ma hope o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā mea hana hou: no ka laʻana, hoʻolilo ʻia ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana ma ke ʻano o nā lā hou i nā kūlana ʻoluʻolu ʻole, e ʻae iā ʻoe e mālama i nā nui o nā huaora i ka huahana pau. . ^ E Ha yM. Akā i ka wā e hiki mai ana, mai ka manaʻo o ka loea VNIITEK, ka hapanui o nā ʻoihana nui e hoʻololi maoli i nā ʻenehana haole, hāʻawi ʻia i nā loea he nui o nā wahi o ke ao nei i kēia lā.
ILOAʻI
Ua loli ʻole ka moʻomeheu Lūkini i nā lau i ʻaila ʻole i nā makahiki he mau makahiki. ʻAʻole kaulana ke kaulana o nā waʻa: ke ʻae lākou iā ʻoe e mālama i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana mai ka ʻelua a ʻehā makahiki. Akā aia nā mea i maopopo ʻole ke kīpaki: maʻalahi ka haki o ka aniani, ʻoi ke kumukūʻai keleawe.
Hiki ke kūpono i nā koho i luna aʻe e lilo i ka tetra-pack, ka mea maʻamau i ka mea kūʻai aku Lūkini no nā huahana ʻē aʻe (e hoʻomanaʻo, me ka laʻana, ʻona). Mai ke ʻano o ka mea hana, aneʻi ka ʻōpala pale: ua kūpono nā huahana i nā ala, ʻoi loa, ka hōʻike. Akā i kēia lā ma nā papa o nā hale kūʻai kūloko "i ka hana pepa" hiki ke loaʻa i nā kamato wale nō i loko o kā lākou wai i loko o Ileania, hoʻopili ʻia. ʻAʻole i hoʻohana ʻia kekahi o nā mea hana Lūkini maʻa i nā ʻano mea kanu ʻai iā Tetra Pak.
Ua wehewehe ʻo Daria Bakushina i kēia mea na ka mākaukau ʻole o ka mākeke no nā loli. Wahi a ka loea, nā lako hou o ka hana ʻana no kahi ʻano hou o ka ukana e lilo ia i hanana nui loa no nā ʻoihana, e hoʻopili kēia i ke kumukūʻai o nā huahana, akā ʻaʻole mākaukau ka mea kūʻai e uku no kahi huahana i loko o ka pahu tetra i ʻoi aku ka pipiʻi ma mua o kahi mea like - i loko o ka ipu kini a i ʻole kini kini. ʻAʻohe mea e hopohopo i nā kūlana hoʻokele o kēia manawa.
ʻO kekahi koho koho hiki ke loaʻa ma nā hale kūʻai ʻo ʻEulopa kahi ʻeke lula. Akā he mau nīnau hou a nā loea Lūkini nona. Wahi a Daria Bakushina, hoʻemi ʻia ke ola papa o nā mea kanu kēkē i loko o ka wahī palika i hoʻokahi makahiki, ʻoiai he mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo i nā kaulahao kūʻai e ʻae i nā huahana no ke kūʻai aku me ke koena o 60%. ʻO ia, inā ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka huahana i Iulai 2018, hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia a hiki i kahi o Kēkēmapa, ʻoiaʻiʻo - a hiki i ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai nā kūʻai nui.
KEKAHI
E wānana i ke ala o ka ʻoihana e lawe i ka wā kokoke a hiki i kahi lōʻihi aku hoʻi he hana aloha ʻole ia. Akā e manaʻo i nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau, pili i ka ʻike a me ke ʻike ʻana i ka mākeke.
Wahi a Daria Bakushina, i ka wā e hiki mai ana, hiki iā mākou ke manaʻo i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pilikino ʻana o ka hoʻopili ʻana: e nānā ka mea hana i nā ʻano mea kūʻai aku like ʻole a hāʻawi i kahi huahana o nā puke like ʻole, mai ka liʻiliʻi - no kēlā me kēia lawelawe no hoʻokahi kanaka - i ka maximum (a me ka ʻoihana waiwai), no ka nui ʻoihana ʻohana a i ʻole HoReCa.
ʻO kekahi ʻaoʻao kūpono, mai ka manaʻo o ka loea, ke kumuhana o ke olakino. Kākoʻo nui ʻia ia ma ka pae mokuʻāina: ma Iune 1, 2018, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka papahana Traffic Traffic ma Rūsia - e māka i ka meaʻai i ʻekolu kala - ʻōmaʻomaʻo, melemele a me ka ʻulaʻula - kaukaʻi ʻia i ka paʻakai, kō a me ka momona i loko o lākou. I kēia manawa, ke hana nei nā mea hana i ka papahana ma ke ʻano manawaleʻa. Akā i kahi ʻāina kahi e nui ai ka poʻe e ʻehaʻeha nei i ka metabolism carbohydrate, ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka insulin a me ka maʻi kō i kēlā me kēia makahiki, he mea kūpono ke hoʻolana i kahi laina kō ʻole a hoʻemi ʻia hoʻi ka paʻakai a me ka kō ʻole.
A, ʻo nāʻoiaʻiʻo, e kū mai nā huahana hou ma ke mākeke. Ua nānā ʻo Daria Bakushina i ka ulu ʻana o ka pīpī paʻala, nā lantile, nā ʻeleʻele, nā ʻōmato a ka la, okra, nā pale a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe no kahi Lūkini.
Eia, ma kahi o ke keʻena hoʻoponopono, e haʻi aku ana i ka manaʻo e kūʻē i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka ulu nui ʻana o ka makemake o ka lehulehu i ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu i ka mahiʻai pilikino a e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka nohona o ka noho ʻana ma ka ʻāina, e ulu pū ka ulu ʻana o ka meaʻai kīmaka mai nā mea hana kai kūloko. A e emi ʻole kēia mau huahana i ka noi.