ʻO nā kānaka ʻepekema o ka South Ural Research Institute o Hortikultura a me ka ulu ʻana o kaʻuala (Chelyabinsk) - kahi mahele hana o ka UrFANITs UB RAS - i hoʻopaʻa inoa i kahi hou ʻanuʻu Kashtak. Wahi a ka palapala, koi ʻia ka ʻano hou no ka mahi ʻana ma ka ʻĀina Ural (Bashkortostan, Chelyabinsk, Orenburg, nā moku ʻo Kurgan).
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano hou e ke kūʻē ʻana o ka maloʻo, kūpaʻa a me nā hua kiʻekiʻe (a hiki i 50 tone i ka hectare), kūpaʻa maʻi a hōʻike maikaʻi ʻana i nā tubers me ka ʻulaʻula a me ka pulp melemele. Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o nā mea maloʻo, i ka starch kikoʻī, 17,6-19,0%, ʻono ka ʻuala a koi ʻia no ka hoʻohana papa.
Kashtak ʻike ʻia e kahi waena, ulu lāʻau semi-hohola me kahi aʻa aʻa i hoʻomohala maikaʻi a pua lōʻihi. Ke oʻo ʻana (90 mau lā). ʻO ka nui o nā paipu i ka pūnana he 10-12 mau ʻāpana. Kūpaʻa ke ʻano i ka crayfish potato, nematode ʻuala gula, lohi i ka hopena, ʻōpala maʻamau.
"Ua loaʻa ka ʻano Kashtak e ke kaohi ʻana o ka Raya (ke ʻano makuahine) a me ka Cosmos (form paternal form). ʻO ka hoʻomaka o ka hana - hybridization - aia ma 2002. Ma ke ʻano he hybrid hoʻohiki loa, ua hala ia i ke koho hoʻokūkū ma 2008-2010. A laila ua hoʻomau ʻia nā hoʻokolohua kaiapuni i nā moku ʻo Chelyabinsk a me Orenburg a me ka hōʻoia o ka ʻano no ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka papa inoa mokuʻāina. I kēia lā ʻo ia kekahi o nā lālani hoʻohiki loa no ka ʻāina Ural. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me kahi ʻano Spiridon ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia (koho ʻia e YUNIISK, i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka papa inoa o nā hana hoʻohua o ka Russian Federation ma 2001), ʻo Kashtak ka huahana maikaʻi loa - nā hua o 35 a me 46 tone i kēlā me kēia hectare. Ma Orenburg, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka mea hou ma mua o 50 tone i kēlā me kēia hectare, "wahi a Tamara Tikhonovna Dergileva, ka mea noiʻi kiʻekiʻe ma ka South Ural Research Institute o Hortikultura a me ka ulu ʻana o kaʻuala, ka mea kākau o kēia ʻano.
Ua hala nā makahiki o Chelyabinsk ma kahi o 20 mau makahiki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi ʻano ʻuala hou ʻo Kashtak. I kēia lā, hoʻomau ka ʻepekema i ka noiʻi a komo i ka hana kope ʻana i nā mea kanu, hiki ke kūʻai ʻia i loko o ʻelua mau makahiki.
No ke kuhikuhi. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka South Ural Research Institute o Hortikultura a me ka ulu ʻana o kaʻuala (kahi mahele kūkulu o ka UrFANITs UB RAS) ma ka hana a I.V. ʻO Michurin 90 mau makahiki i hala. Nā wahi nui o ka hana: noiʻi paʻa a noi ʻia i ka papa o ka hānau ʻana, hana hua ʻana, ʻenehana no ka mahi ʻana i nā hua a me nā hua berry a me kaʻuala. I loko o nā makahiki, ua hana ka ʻepekema o ka Institute i nā ʻano hua nui o ka hua, nā hua berry a me kaʻuala, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka zoned assortment no ka wahi o ka mahiʻai weliweli - ʻoi aku ma mua o 300 ʻano o nā mea kanu māla a me 34 uala. Hoʻohui ʻia, hoʻomohala ʻia nā ʻenehana no ka mahi ʻana i nā ʻoihana ʻenehana a me nā mea kanu amatir a me nā ʻuala.