Sergey Artemov
ʻAʻole makemake ka ʻohi ʻana i nā ʻāpana. Hiki ke emi ka nui o nā pūʻolo o nā meaʻai kaulana ma nā hale kūʻai ma muli o ka nele o nā mea maka. He ʻuʻuku ka ʻuala i ʻohi ʻia ma mua o ka makahiki i hala. A he ʻano maʻamau kēia ʻaʻole wale no Rūsia, akā no nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe - pono e hana ikaika nā mea ʻai wikiwiki i ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi ʻohi manuahi. He aha ka pili o ka maʻi maʻi coronavirus me ia?
ʻAʻole lawa ka ʻuala! Ua haʻi ʻia kēia e nā mea hana nui o Rūsia o nā kīʻaha crispy. A ʻo ka mea, hoʻoikaika ka poʻe mahiʻai e kūʻai aku ma ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe. He ʻoiaʻiʻo nā makaʻu ʻelua ma ko lākou ʻano ponoʻī, wahi a Alexei Plugov, ke poʻo o ka AB-Center, he mea akamai a me ka analytical portal no agribusiness. I kēia manawa, ke holo nei ka ʻohi ʻuala ma ko mākou ʻāina. Eia kekahi, mālama ka mākeke i kahi kiʻekiʻe o nā kumukūʻai.
PLUGOV: E ʻōlelo paha kekahi, kiʻekiʻe loa. Inā i ka makahiki i hala aku nei i kēia manawa ma ka loulou wholesale ke kumu kūʻai he 8-10 rubles no kilokani, i kēia manawa aia ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 20 rubles no kilokani. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kumukūʻai ma mua o kēlā makahiki.
Ua emi ka wahi malalo o ka uala i keia makahiki. ʻO ia ke kumu i emi ai ka ʻohi. Akā,ʻo kēia wale nō kekahi o nā kumu, e like me Alexei Plugov; hāʻule ka hua nui o kēia mea kanu ma muli o ka hopena o ke kau ʻelua i ka lālani.
PLUGOV: ʻO ka hopena o ke kauwela o kēia makahiki. A laila, i ke kauwela, ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa nā kūlana, a ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka hua ma mua o ka makahiki i hala, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻohi ʻana i kēlā me kēia wahi. Aia kekahi mau nīnau e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o ka mea kanu. Eia nō naʻe, e ʻōlelo mākou, ua wikiwiki loa ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i nā hopena, akā ma ka laulā he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka makahiki i hala: i ka makahiki 2019, ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka ʻuala he 7,5 miliona tons, ma 2020 - 6,8 miliona tons. I ka makahiki 2021, manaʻo mākou e hoʻemi ʻia nā hōʻiliʻili ma kahi miliona miliona, a he 5,8 miliona mau tons.
Akā ʻo kēia nā helu i hoʻohui ʻia, kahi i noho ʻia ai ka hapa o ka liona e nā ʻano papaʻaina - nā mea i kūʻai ʻia ma nā hale kūʻai ma lalo o ka lepili "no ka kuke ʻana" a me "no ka palai". Ua kapa ʻia nā ʻano ʻokoʻa no ka "industrial", wahi a Victor Kovalev, ka Luna Hoʻokele o ka portal Potatosystem.ru, ʻaʻole pono lākou no ka mea ʻole, ʻaʻole kūʻai nā kānaka iā lākou.
KOVALYOV: ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka papaʻaina a me ka ʻuala no ka hana ʻoihana i loko o ka ʻike o ka mea maloʻo a me ka starch. No laila, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ia mea i ka papa ʻuala - a hiki i 16%, ʻoi aku ma mua o 16% o ka starch i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻoihana.
ʻO ka nui o ka starch, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻai ʻana o nā ʻāpana ʻuala i ka wā e palai ai, ʻo ia hoʻi ke hoʻemi ʻia nā kumukūʻai aila, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻai, hiki ke hoʻolaha ʻia e like me ka meaʻai maikaʻi a maikaʻi. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia mea kūʻai kona ʻike ponoʻī ma kēia ʻano. Akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i nā helu: ua hoʻouna ka coronavirus i nā mea he nui i ka hana mamao, a ua hōʻemi nā kānaka i nā huakaʻi i nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me nā hale ʻaina. Ke nānā nui ʻia nei nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma nā laptops a me nā papa ma lalo o kahi pākeʻe a me kahi ʻeke kīkī ma ko lākou mau lima. Ua hoʻonui ka nui o kā lākou kūʻai ʻana i ka wā maʻi maʻi ma Rūsia e 20%. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻomaka koke nā mea hana e kūkulu i nā laina hoʻomākaukau hou a me nā lālani. Akā ʻaʻole lawa ka ʻuala - ʻo ia ka mea e wehewehe maoli ai i nā ʻōlelo leo nui e pili ana i ka nele o nā mea maka. No ka mea, wahi a Viktor Kovalev, hiki ke kūkulu i kahi mea kanu i hoʻokahi makahiki, akā ʻaʻole e ulu wikiwiki ka ʻuala nona.
KOVALYOV: ʻO ka manaʻo, ʻo ka ulu ʻana i ka ʻuala kahi papahana lōʻihi; i kēia lā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo e kūʻai i nā hua ma kahi a ulu iā lākou ma kahi ʻano ʻoihana. He hana holoʻokoʻa kēia mai ka ulu ʻana mai ka mea i kapa ʻia he meristem, e ulu ana mai ka hale o nā mini-tubers, ka māla mua "super elite", a i ka hana mua. He polokalamu kēia a hiki i 5 mau makahiki. No laila, he mea pōʻino, hiki ʻole ke hoʻoholo koke i kēia, eia, e ulu kākou i ka ʻuala no ka hana ʻoihana.
Lawe mākou i kahi bākeke ʻuala i ka pūnāwai, kanu iā lākou i loko o nā lua, kali i 3 mau mahina a hōʻiliʻili i 4 mau bākeke - nā mea nona nā hale kauwela a me nā kamaʻāina o ke kuaʻāina e hana me kēia ʻike agronomic maʻalahi. Akā ʻokoʻa iki ka hana ʻana o kēia moʻomeheu, wahi a Viktor Kovalev, ʻaʻole ia he mea maʻamau. A hiki i kēia lā, nui nā mahiʻai, i hoʻokomo i nā hua i ka ʻāina, hilinaʻi, no ka laʻana, i ka wai kūlohelohe.
KOVALYOV: Nui ka poʻe e ulu i ka ʻuala e like me ka ʻenehana kahiko, me ka ʻole o ka irrigation, a loaʻa ka hua o 20-25 tons no ka ʻeka. A ʻo nā hui e ulu ana i ka uala irrigated ʻike i nā ʻenehana āpau a ulu i 60 - 70 tons. ʻO nā helu, e like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻokoʻa loa.
A ʻo ia ʻano mahiʻai maikaʻi ʻaʻole makemake nui i ka wā e hiki mai ana e hoʻololi i ka hana ʻana i nā mea maka no nā chips. ʻO nā kumukūʻai ma ka mākeke, manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo Viktor Kovalev, e ʻae iā lākou e loaʻa kālā maikaʻi, i kapa ʻia ʻo "me ka hoʻoikaika liʻiliʻi."
KOVALYOV: 2020 a me 2021 hōʻike i ke kumukūʻai o ka ʻuala papaʻaina ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ke kumukūʻai kūʻai no ka hana ʻana. No laila, ʻaʻole hiki i ka poʻe mahiʻai ke ulu i ka ʻuala no ka hana ʻana. Kūʻai lākou i mea hou mai iā ia, mālama maʻalahi, a ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻokō. I kēia manawa ua maikaʻi ke koi no ka ʻuala papaʻaina.
Hiki ke hana i nā hopena hope loa e pili ana i ka saturation o ka ʻoihana chips me nā mea maka i Nowemapa, i ka wā i pau ai ka ʻohi ʻana i ka ʻuala ma Rūsia a hoʻopiha i nā waihona waihona. ʻO nā koho mamao loa o nā kumukūʻai e like me kēia, e like me Alexei Plugov.
PLUGOV: ʻO kēlā me kēia pule he 500 tausani tons e hōʻiliʻili ʻia - ʻo ka hana ikaika loa o ka ʻohi ʻana. Hiki i nā kumukūʻai ke hoʻi i hope, e iho i lalo. Akā aia kahi hiki i ka pūnāwai ke kumukūʻai he 30 rubles no ka kilo ma ke kūʻai nui. ʻO ia hoʻi, i kēia manawa he 20, a ma ka pūnāwai he 30 paha. No laila, i loko o Pepeluali, e lawe ikaika ʻia mai ka nui o nā ʻuala iā mākou - ua uhi ʻo ʻAigupita i kāna mau pono, a laila Pakistan a me Iran.
Ua hoʻonui ʻia ke kūʻai ʻana i nā chips e 30%. He pōkole nā hale hana. Akā ʻaʻole mai Rusia kēia mau hoʻopiʻi. Aneane hoʻi hou ʻia ke kiʻi ma Switzerland. A eia na hoike a ka poe mahiai ma ke komohana akau o Geremania, Holani a me Belegiuma: ua like ka hua i kela makahiki a i keia makahiki, aka, ua emi iho ka wahi malalo o ka uala. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā kumukūʻai hoʻomalu pest. Ke piʻi nui nei ka ikehu a ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumukūʻai no ka hoʻoilo e hiki mai ana. A ma muli o ka lele ʻana o nā kumukūʻai kūʻai no ka palaoa a me ka rapeseed, nui ka poʻe mahiʻai e hoʻololi iā lākou i ka pūnāwai - ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kumukūʻai.
Me he mea lā ʻaʻohe nūhou maikaʻi e pili ana i ka ʻuala: "Ke manaʻolana nei ʻo ʻAmelika i kahi hōʻiliʻili ma Idaho" - mai nā poʻomanaʻo o nā puka ʻoihana o nā ʻāina ʻē i hoʻokahi pule i hala. Hāʻawi kēia mokuʻāina i ka hapakolu o ka ʻuala i ka mākeke US. ʻElua mau lā i hala aku nei, ua ʻike ʻia nā wānana - ma muli o ke kau wela o ke kauwela, e emi ana ka ʻohi ʻana e 5%, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maikaʻi. He aha kā mākou e ʻōlelo ai, inā ma Belarus, i waena o ka ʻohi ʻuala, ua hoʻolaha ʻia nā hoʻolālā e lawe mai i ka ʻuala. No ka manawa mua ma ka moʻolelo kūʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa o ka repubalika.