ʻO ka hana hou ʻana i ka piʻi nui o ke kumukūʻai o ka "borscht set", i hana ʻia i ka hoʻoilo i hala, ʻaʻole paha ma muli o ka hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi o nā mea kanu. Akā naʻe, ʻoiai kēia, e mau ana ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai no lākou. Ua haʻi ka poʻe loea o ka hui "ʻAukake" e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona nui o ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu a me nā pest, nā maʻi a me ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu. - he mea hana nui Lūkia o nā huahana pale mea kanu (PPP).
"ʻO nā mea kanu o nā wahi nui (ʻonika, ʻōmato, kāloti, papa beet, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo borscht set) koi nui i ka pale. ʻO ka pono o nā mea kemika a me nā mea olaola no kēia mau kumu, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana lima i kēia lā, ʻoiai ke emi nei ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nui o ka hana a aneane hiki ʻole ke loaʻa ka helu kūpono o nā limahana. no ka nui o ke kālā, "wahi a Dmitry Belov, ke poʻo o ka ʻOihana Hoʻomohala Huahana o JSC Firm "ʻAukake".
Hiki i nā huaʻai ke maʻalahi i nā ʻano pathogens. ʻO kēia nā maʻi fungal, viral, bacterial, nui nā pests kikoʻī i mālama ʻia e ka nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ākea ākea ma nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. ʻOiai no nā mea kanu mea kanu pono e hoʻohana i nā hoʻomākaukau kūikawā, e like me ka laʻana, e hakakā i nā anuhe o nā pests lepidoptera. Pono paha nā mea hoʻoponopono ulu o nā pepeke, ovicides, larvicides, mite repellents, etc.
Pono ka pale ma mua o ka waiho ʻana. Loaʻa nā huaʻai ʻokoʻa i nā ʻōlelo a me nā koi no nā kūlana mālama, ʻo ia hoʻi ka kuʻekuʻe wāwae o Achilles o ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu: pono nā hale mālama mālama ʻia e hōʻemi i nā poho a pale i ka ulu ʻana o nā pathogens. I ka manawa like, pono e hoʻouna ʻia nā huahana i nā hale kūʻai i kahi kūlana olakino, a he mea nui ka pale ʻana i ka manawa ma aneʻi.
ʻO kekahi kumu e hoʻoholo ai i ka pono o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana pale mea kanu i nā mea kanu mea kanu ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe o nā hua. No laila, hiki i ke kumukūʻai o kahi pahu kilokani o nā hua aniani kiʻekiʻe ke hiki i nā miliona rubles. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā maʻi e like me ka stemfiliasis a i ʻole peronosporosis, fusarium rot o nā donuts, ʻāʻī pala, a me nā pests (no ka laʻana, thrips) hiki ke make i nā mea kanu ma nā wahi āpau o ka hoʻokele waiwai i loko o kekahi mau lā a i ʻole ke alakaʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. , ma hope o ka nalo ʻana o ka hōʻike ʻana, hiki ke kūʻai ʻia kēlā huahana, ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa nā huahana. ʻAʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hana ʻana ma nā mahiʻai meaʻai, e like me ke ʻano o nā mea kanu, i ka wā e ʻōlelo ai, hoʻopau ʻia nā poho o ka hua kulina e nā hopena maikaʻi i ka ʻohi ʻana i ka sunflower. No ka laʻana, ma ka Stavropol, Kuban, Volgograd, Saratov, Astrakhan māhele 'āina, he poe mahiai i specialize wale i onions, a ina e make, ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka hoʻokele waiwai, a me ka hiki ole e uku aie alakai i ka banekorupa. No laila, ma ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi pathogen, mālama ʻia ka mālama ʻana me kahi hui tank o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kū pono ana i kahi paʻakikī o nā pathogens.
Wahi a ka poʻe loea o ka hui, ʻo nā ʻōnaehana pale kāpeti he mea like me nā ʻōnaehana pale o kēlā ʻano mea kanu kaulana e like me ka rapeseed: no ka ʻohana cruciferous like lākou. Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau herbicide ma luna o C-metolachlor; no nā mea kanu e kūʻē i nā nāhelehele, hoʻohana ʻia ka clopyralid, picloram, etametsulfuron-methyl. Me nā maʻi, ua like nā mea kikoʻī: me ke kōkua o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka rapeseed a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe, pale ʻia ke kāpeti mai Alternaria, keʻokeʻo a me ka hina hina, a me ka mucous bacteriosis. No nā kāloti ma Rūsia, aia kahi hoʻonohonoho kūpono o nā herbicides lepo a me nā herbicides no nā mea kanu e kūʻē i ka dicotyledonous a me ka cereal weeds; Aia ka nui o nā hoʻomākaukau fungicidal e kūʻē i ka septoria, alternaria, downy mildew ma ka mākeke. ʻO ka papa ʻaina pale beet kahi kokoke i ka ʻōnaehana pale sugar beet, ʻoiai ʻo ka pale ʻana i ka tōmato ma nā ʻano he nui e like me ka pale ʻana i ka ʻuala, koe wale nō ke pale ʻia ka ʻōmato mai kahi hui o nā pala - hina a me sclerotinia, anthracnose pathogens. Ma ka hema o Rūsia, mālama ʻia ka ʻōmato mai nā spider mites a me ka pulupulu bollworm. No nā aniani, loaʻa kahi ʻōnaehana pale koʻikoʻi no ia ma ko mākou ʻāina e pili ana i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana mai nā hui multinational a me Rūsia.
"ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka weed ka hana ʻoi loa i ka manawa," wahi a Dmitry Belov. - ʻOiai ke hoʻohana ʻia nei ka hana lima ma nā wahi no ka weeding, mālama ʻia ka lāʻau herbicide ma nā kāloti, beets, aniani, nā tōmato, a me ke kāpeti. ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā mīkini hiki ke hoʻololi iā ia aia nō i ka pae o ka hoʻomaka ʻana e hoʻohana ʻia ai nā mea mahiʻai mechanical me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenehana ʻike mīkini a me nā ʻoihana neural. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pono no ka ʻike ʻana a me ka wehe ʻana i nā nāhelehele ma kēia ʻano ma nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, me nā ʻano lettuce o ke kāpeti. Ma ka laulā, no ka mākeke mahiʻai honua, ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa kēia mau ʻenehana; hoʻohana nui nā ʻoihana mahiʻai i ka pale herbicide, no ka mea, no ka laʻana, ma nā mahiʻai me nā wahi nui o ka ʻāina arable, ʻo ka weeding me ka lima he aneane hiki ʻole. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻoi aku ka palekana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau herbicide ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi limahana hana maikaʻi ʻole.
ʻO ka pilikia o ka mākeke PPP no nā mea kanu mea kanu ʻo ia ka nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ke pale aku iā lākou ma ke ʻano ākea ʻaʻole i kākau inoa ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana iā lākou ma Rūsia a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia (ʻoiai nā huahana me nā mea hana like e hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia a hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia e pale i nā mea kanu ma nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. ) mokuʻāina). Akā ʻo ke kaʻina hana no ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau i ko mākou ʻāina e hoʻomohala ʻia nā hoʻoponopono noi no kēlā me kēia mea kanu a me kēlā me kēia mea ʻino. I ka manawa like, ʻo ka uku o ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana i kahi lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia ma 40 miliona mau ʻeka o nā cereals e ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o kahi lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia ma 25 mau ʻeke kāloti, no laila, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa pinepine ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau no nā mea kanu nui a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka mākeke kūloko no ka pale ʻana i nā mea kanu mea kanu ʻo 60-70% i noho ʻia e nā huahana o nā hui multinational. Hāʻawi pinepine lākou i nā huahana pale mea kanu a me nā hua i ka manawa like, i ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ke ala i ka mea kūʻai aku no kā lākou huahana ma mua o nā mea hoʻolako Lūkini. ʻO ka poʻe pilikua haole ka mea mua i komo i ka mākeke kūloko e kū mai ana, ʻaneʻane ʻaʻohe hoʻokūkū ma waena o lākou - 2-3 mau hui i kaʻana like i nā mea kūʻai aku ma luna o ia mea, akā naʻe, ua ulu ka mākeke me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana o ka hana mahiʻai, ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā logistics a me nā ʻōnaehana mālama. hua mea kanu. I kēia lā, nui nā mea hana Lūkini e hana maikaʻi ma ia mea.
Ke hoʻomohala ʻia nei kēia kuhikuhi e ka hui ʻo "August", a inā ma mua e kaupalena ʻia i kahi laina herbicide, i kēia lā ua loaʻa i ka assortment nā insecticides kiʻekiʻe a me nā fungicides no nā mea kanu mea kanu, me nā mea kūʻokoʻa hiki ke hoʻokō i nā kumu a me nā niche. pono o ka poe mahiai. ʻO ka hoʻonui lohi ʻana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā huahana pale mea kanu no nā mea kanu e nā ʻoihana kūloko i nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala.
"I ka makahiki 2022, aia nā kūlana maikaʻi loa no ka ulu ʻana i nā ʻoihana agro-ʻoihana, ma ke ʻano o ka wā a me nā ʻōlelo o ka nele o nā pests nui a me nā pathogens. Eia naʻe,ʻo ka "borscht set" ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa e hoʻomau i ka piʻi mālie i ke kumukūʻai, - nā'ōlelo a Dmitry Belov. - Ke waiho mau nei nā hua o nā mea kanu i kahi kūlana liʻiliʻi ma ke kahua o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā mea kanu, ke ulu nei ke kumukūʻai no lākou, a me ka ʻole o ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ke kumukūʻai. Ke hoʻomohala nei kekahi mau hui Lūkini i kēia wahi, akā i mea e hoʻokō ai i kahi hopena i ʻike ʻia, pono e hoʻonui ʻia kēlā hana i nā manawa he nui. "
Wahi a ka loea i kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe kūlana no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā kumukūʻai no nā mea kanu, a i ʻole nā huahana pale mea kanu, a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā mīkini mahiʻai. I ka manawa like, ʻoiai ka nui o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka home, ʻaʻole hiki ke pale aku i ka hoʻopuka ʻana o Malaki a me Pepeluali i nā mea kanu mai nā ʻāina ʻē i 2023, no ka mea, ʻo nā hoʻololi koʻikoʻi i ka ʻōnaehana mālama Lūkini, e hiki ai ke mālama i ka nui o nā huahana. no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻaʻole i hiki. I ka manawa like, me ka loaʻa ʻole o nā hanana force majeure, ʻaʻole ʻike ka mea kūʻai aku i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai o ka "borscht set" i ʻike ʻia i kēia makahiki.