Kikokikona: Ilya Rubin
ʻAʻole i manaʻo ʻia ka laulima mahiʻai i ikaika o Rūsia. Ke hiki mai i nā mea kōkua, ʻo Fonterra, Valio a me Arla kaulana kaulana o ka honua, e noʻonoʻo koke. I kēia manawa, aia kekahi mau laʻana o nā kōkua kūleʻa i ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu Lūkini.
Wahi a ka Hui o nā mahiʻai (mahiʻai) Nā mahiʻai a me nā ʻoihana mahiʻai o Lūkia (AKKOR), aia ma kahi o 4 tausani mau ʻoihana mahiʻai i Lūkia. Kuhi ʻia kēia helu, a ʻano paʻakikī ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā makahiki i hala iho nei. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma ka pepa, ke ulu pono nei ka laulima ʻana ma Rūsia: e like me ka ʻikepili kūhelu, aia ma kahi o 400 tausani mau mea kuleana ʻaneʻane ma kahi o 6 tausani mau limahana i ka ʻāina, a ua ʻoi aku ka nui o kā lākou huina i 20 biliona rubles.
Eia nō naʻe, hōʻike ka ʻikepili Rosstat i nā makahiki he 10 i hala iho nei ua emi iho ka nui o nā mahiʻai ma Lūkia e 40% - aia ma kahi o 200 tausani o lākou i koe. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻonui nui nā mahiʻai i ko lākou wahi i kēia manawa - 2,5 mau manawa, ma ka awelika i 269 hectares.
I kēlā me kēia hihia, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻike kuʻuna e pili ana i nā kūleʻa o ka laulima mahiʻai Lūkini, no ka mea e ʻike mau ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona o ka laulima kūleʻa o nā mahiʻai ma Rūsia.
Pehea e kūʻai maikaʻi aku ai i nā meaʻai
Ma ke ʻano he kumu, ʻo ke kumu no ka laulima a me ka launa pū ʻana o ka mea kanu mea kanu ko lākou makemake e kūʻai maikaʻi aku i kā lākou huahana. ʻO nā mea kūʻai nui nui nā kaulahao kūʻai. Pono nā kikowaena pūnaewele i nā hāʻawi ʻana i nā puke nui me ka maikaʻi e wānana ʻia. ʻAʻole hiki i nā mahiʻai liʻiliʻi ke hana i kēia, akā, i ka hui ʻana, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻolako i nā lako i ka pūnaewele, ʻoi aku, ma nā ʻōlelo maikaʻi loa na lākou.
ʻO kēia kahi e ulu ai ka laulima kūleʻa o ka ʻoihana AgroKostroma. Ke komo nei kēia mea kūʻai aku a me nā mea kūʻai aku i ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā mea kanu i waho. Wahi a ka ʻōnaehana o ka nānā ʻana i nā counterparties "Kartoteka", ka loaʻa kālā o ka mea kōkua
ʻoi aku ma mua o 120 miliona rubles. ʻO ka loaʻa kālā net no kahi mea kōkua ʻaʻole ia he hōʻailona nui, akā he mea nui ia he maikaʻi.
Ua hoʻomaka ka moʻolelo o "AgroKostroma" me ka mea i ka makahiki 2007 ua hoʻoholo kekahi mau mahiʻai e hui pū no nā hana i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. "ʻO ka hana nui o ka ʻoihana ka kūʻai aku ʻana i nā huahana ma nā huaʻōlelo kaulike no nā lālā āpau o ka hui, a laila kāpae ʻia ka hoʻokūkū ma waena o lākou. Ua hiki i ka ʻahahui ke kūʻai like aku i nā mīkini a me nā pono hana me ke kākoʻo o ka mokuʻāina, a me ke kiʻi ʻana i nā mea hana i nā huaʻōlelo i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, "hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Valentina Konkova, ka luna o ka hui ʻo AgroKostroma.
"ʻO ka mea hui, ʻo ka mea mua, he kōkua kūleʻa no nā mea a pau i komo. No laila, ʻoiai ʻo ka loli iki o kā mākou haku mele ʻana (ua haʻalele kekahi i ka hui pū, ua hui ʻia nā mahiʻai hou hoihoi), ʻike mau mākou i nā kiko o ka launa ʻana ", -
wahi a Valentina Konkova.
Wahi a ia, ʻo ka hana nui e kū nei i mua o ka mea laulima e hoʻomaka i ka laulima ʻana me nā kaulahao kalepa pekelala nui. I ka makahiki 2017, ua kau inoa ʻia ka ʻaelike nui mua no ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā huahana o nā lālā o ka hui. "ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi no nā kaulahao kalepa nui e hana me nā mea hoʻolako nui. ʻAʻole nā māla liʻiliʻi āpau i nā kumuwaiwai no ke kūʻokoʻa ʻana me lākou. ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi loulou logistics hoʻokahi i ʻae ʻia nā ʻoihana me nā puke hana like ʻole e lilo i poʻe komo i kēia ʻaelike. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi wale mākou i ka hana like ʻana o ka hui, ”i hoʻokūpaʻa ai iā Valentina Konkova.
Ma ke ala, ʻaʻole ʻo ke kūʻai kūpono o nā huahana ke kumu o ka laulima ʻana. Hiki i nā mea kōkua ke loaʻa nā hōʻaiʻē a me nā hāʻawi wale nō ma ka hui ʻana, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hōʻoia no nā panakō, nā waiwai hou aku no ka ʻohi ʻana i nā palapala a me nā kumu hou aʻe no ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kākoʻo aupuni.
ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo ka mea kūʻai aku e ulu nei i ka mahiʻai mea kūʻai aku kūʻai aku ʻo "Kazachiy", aia ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Krymsk, ke Teritori ʻo Krasnodar, i hiki ke kūkulu i nā wahi hoʻahu mālama wale nō mahalo i ka hana like a kā lākou mahiʻai. No kā lākou kūkulu ʻana ma 2017, ua hāʻawi ke Kuhina o nā mahiʻai a me nā ʻoihana ʻenehana o ka Teritori Krasnodar i ka hui ʻo Kazachiy me kahi hāʻawi i ka nui o 19,5 miliona rubles. ʻO 13 miliona rubles hou aʻe. hoʻohana ʻia nā kālā ponoʻī e lawe i nā hana kūkulu, kūʻai i nā mīkini a me nā pono hana. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kālā kōkua a hōʻiliʻili ʻokoʻa i kēlā kālā.
ʻO ka hana lōʻihi lōʻihi o nā mahiʻai i hui pū ʻia i nā hui kōkua kokoke e hōʻike mau i kahi hopena maikaʻi. Hiki iā mākou ke kuhikuhi ma ke ʻano he SEC "Vyshgorodsky", i hoʻokumu ʻia ma 2004 i ke kauhale o Vyshgorod, ka moku ʻo Ryazan. He ākea ākea loa kāna, me ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu.
Ua lilo kēia mea kōkua i alakaʻi o ka ʻāina i ka agro-industrial complex ma muli o ka hana like ʻana o nā mahiʻai, ʻaʻole i loaʻa pakahi ke kālā e kūʻai i nā mīkini mahiʻai a me nā pono hana. I ka 2012–2019, me ke kākoʻo o ke Kuhina Hoʻolālā a me nā Meaʻai o ka Ryazan Region, ma loko o ka papahana o ka papahana mokuʻāina o ka ʻĀina ʻo Ryazan "Hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻāpana agro-ʻenehana", hāʻawi ʻia ka mea kōkua me kahi hōʻaiʻē a me nā kōkua i ka nui o 80,9 miliona rubles. no ke kūʻai ʻana mai i nā pono hana. Eia hou, ua hoʻopukapuka ka mea kōkua e pili ana iā RUB 9,9 miliona i ka papahana.
kālā ponoʻī.
Mahalo i kēia mau hoʻopukapuka kālā, ua ulu ka loaʻa kālā o ka mea kōkua ma mua o 90%, a me nā hua o nā mea kanu i nā mea kanu he ʻumi haneli.
Hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo i ka laulima ʻana i ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu e hiki ai i nā mahiʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e lilo i ikaika e like me nā wahi mahiʻai. I ka manawa like, hiki i ka hiki ke hoʻokele maikaʻi i nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi ke hana iā lākou i kahi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Eia nō naʻe, manaʻo ʻia he ʻāina ʻo Rūsia nā ahupuaʻa nui e kokoke ana e hopu i nā koena o ka ʻāina mai nā mahiʻai i wāwahi ʻia. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻonui ʻia kēia pilikia.
ʻO ka kaʻao o nā mea mahiʻai
Ma waho paha he mea paha ʻo ka agro-ʻoihana ʻona āpau ma Rūsia kahi paʻa mau o nā mahi mahiʻai, e kīloi ana mai kahi ākea a kahi pae. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mahiʻai Lūkia, keu hoʻi i ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu, hōʻike ʻia e kahi nui o nā hui liʻiliʻi a me nā mahiʻai.
mahiʻai.
Ma ke ala, i nā ʻāina ʻEulopa, kahi ʻaʻole he māla nui, akā aia ka nui o nā mahiʻai ʻohana liʻiliʻi, ua kūleʻa nui nā mea kōkua, a ua noho kekahi o lākou no nā makahiki he ʻumi a he haneli paha.
Wahi a ka Federal State Statistics Service, ma Rūsia, ʻo ka mahele o nā mahiʻai me kahi i ʻoi aku ma mua o 10 tausani hectares i nā makahiki i hala aku nei ua hōʻea i kahi hapakolu o nā māla Lūkini āpau, ʻoiai ma ka waena o 2000 ua emi kēia helu ma mua o 20. %. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole wale ka wahi o nā ʻāpana mahiʻai i ulu aʻe, akā ʻo ka ʻāina hoʻi
nā ʻōhua o nā ʻoihana mahiʻai nui ʻole, i kōkua ʻia e ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā mahiʻai lālā pilikino pilikino. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka ulu ʻana o nā wahi o nā ʻoihana mahiʻai "waena" ma Rūsia - ke kipaku nei nā mahiʻai "ʻoihana" i nā "amateurs" mai nā hana pilikino. ʻO kahi laʻana, ua pāpālua ka nui o nā wahi mahiʻai i ka manawa like - kokoke i 2 miliona maueka. ʻIke nui ʻia kēia i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu, kahi e kūʻē ai i ke kua o ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o ka nui o nā hui mahiʻai, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā mahiʻai.
I kēia manawa aia ma mua o 200 tausani mau mahiʻai ma Rūsia, a ke hoʻonui nei lākou i ko lākou mau wahi, e like me nā wahi mahiʻai. Eia nō naʻe, ʻuʻuku kā lākou mau ʻāina - ʻo ka awelika ʻāina ahupuaʻa he 269 hectares (ʻoiai ʻo kēlā me kēia hui mahiʻai Lūkini e pili ana ma kahi o 6 tausani hectares). No laila, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manawa o ka mahiʻai.
I kēia manawa, hoʻonui ʻia ka launa o ke alu like. I ka hōʻuluʻulu, i ka makahiki 2018-2020, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā mea kōkua mahiʻai 1848 ma Lūkia, a ʻo 1698 nā mea kūʻai aku, e like me ka Federal Corporation no ka Hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. Pili kēia i ke alo o
nā mea hana mahiʻai i ka pahuhopu pono e hana i nā mea kōkua e hana i nā hana hana kikoʻī.
I mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ʻo ka SME Corporation, me ka Russian Ministry of Agriculture, SME Bank, Rosselkhozbank, Sberbank a me Rosagroleasing, ua hoʻomohala i kahi ʻāpana o nā ana kākoʻo (huahana "pahu") no nā hui mahiʻai a me nā mahiʻai-nā lālā o ka mahiʻai nā mea kōkua. Hoʻopili kēia pūʻulu kākoʻo i nā huahana kālā loea no nā ʻoihana mahiʻai. Hoʻopili kēia i nā hōʻoia o ka "Corporation" SME ", nā huahana hōʻaiʻē o" SME Bank "," Rosselkhozbank ", Sberbank, i hoʻopili ʻia me ke kākoʻo hāʻawi a me nā kōkua mai ke Kuhina mahiʻai.
Lūkia, nā huahana hoʻolimalima kūikawā o nā ʻoihana hoʻolimalima ʻāina no ke kūʻai ʻana mai i nā pono a me nā huahana hoʻolimalima o Rosagroleasing.
Hoʻohui ʻia, ka pūʻulu o nā ana kākoʻo me nā ana e kākoʻo i ke Kuhina Waiwai Hoʻolālā o ka Lūkia Hui Pū ʻIa e ʻumeʻume kālā i ka mākeke kūʻai. Eia kekahi, i ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ana kākoʻo kālā, loaʻa ka ʻikepili ma nā kākoʻo kākoʻo kālā ʻole, e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā mākeke huahana: ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā huahana ma ka Pūnaewele, ke kūʻai ʻana i nā mea kūʻai aku nui, a me ka laulima ʻana me nā kaulahao kalepa pekelala.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i kēia mau hana kākoʻo ke hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia nui o ke alu like - ka hilinaʻi ʻole ma waena o nā mahiʻai, wahi a Alexander Nikulin, ka luna o ka RANEPA Center no ka mahiʻai mahiʻai ma lalo o ka Pelekikena o ka Russian Federation. Ke aʻo nei ʻo ia i ka neʻe like ʻana ma Rūsia a ma loko o ke ana o kāna
ninaninau pinepine ka hana ʻepekema i nā mahiʻai. "I ke kumumanaʻo, hiki i nā mahiʻai liʻiliʻi ke hui pū a hoʻomaka i ka hoʻokūkū me nā ʻoihana mahiʻai i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā pūnaewele pekelala a me nā ʻāpana, akā i ka hana ʻaʻole paʻakikī lākou," wahi a Alexander Nikulin.
Eia nō naʻe, he lana ka manaʻo e hoʻomaka ka hana ikaika ʻana o kahi hanauna hou o ka poʻe mahiʻai, ʻaʻohe o lākou prejudices e pili ana i nā mea kōkua. ʻIke ka loea i nā hōʻailona mua o kēia neʻe ʻana ma ka moku ʻo Moscow, kahi e hana nei nā mea mahiʻai ʻōpio i kahi hui hui like ʻē aʻe iā AKKOR.
A pehea nā kānāwai?
He paʻakikī loa i ka hana ʻana o nā ʻoihana mahiʻai me ka ʻole o nā kulekele aupuni maikaʻi. "I nā ʻāina he nui o ʻEulopa, ua hoʻokō kūleʻa ka kūleʻa ma muli o ka mālama ʻana o nā mahiʻai liʻiliʻi. ʻO kahi laʻana, ma Palani, manaʻo ʻia nā mahiʻai i ʻāpana o ka hoʻoilina moʻomeheu, a ma Switzerland, hāʻawi ʻia nā mea mahiʻai liʻiliʻi me ke kākoʻo kālā koʻikoʻi (ʻaʻole pololei loa, akā ʻoi aku i ke ʻano o nā hanana, nā kūlana hōʻaiʻē maikaʻi, a me nā mea like) , "wahi a ka luna kālepa o ka ʻoihana loio ʻo Hoban Law Group. ʻo Halston Punchek.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻo ia i nā ʻoihana kaulana a ikaika hoʻi - Valio, CHS, Mondragon a i ʻole Arla - ua hana ʻia me ke kākoʻo aupuni ʻole, e hoʻomau ʻia a hiki i kēia lā. Ma Iapana, no ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ma mua o 90% o nā mahiʻai a pau nā lālā o nā limahana, a ʻo kā lākou hui ZEN-NOH kekahi o nā mea nui loa o ka honua. Heʻuʻuku nā mahiʻai, akā mahalo i ka hoʻohui like ʻana ua hiki iā lākou ke pale aku i kā lākou kuleana ma ka pae kiʻekiʻe, a no laila ʻo ka mahele o nā kōkua aupuni i kā lākou loaʻa kālā ma mua o 50%.
I kēia manawa ke kūkākūkā ʻia nei ka pono o ke kākoʻo mokuʻāina no nā mea kōkua. Ma muli o nā peculiarities o ke alu like, ke kākoʻo o nā luna mokuʻāina he mea nui ia no ka ulu ʻana. Ma kēia mea, i nā wahi āpau (koe wale no Moscow a me St. Petersburg), hoʻomohala a
ke hoʻokō ʻia nei nā papahana no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka laulima, a ʻo nā kikowaena o ka mākaukau i ke kahua o ka mahiʻai mahiʻai a me ke kākoʻo no nā mahiʻai e pili ana i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ke kākoʻo ʻenehana.
Mahalo i ke kākoʻo, ʻo nā wahi alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hana mahiʻai ʻo Lipetsk, Tyumen, nā moku ʻo Belgorod, Teritori ʻo Krasnodar, ka Repubalika ʻo Sakha (Yakutia), Bashkortostan a me Tatarstan. Wahi a nā poʻe loea, hiki ke hoʻohiki ʻia nā wahi aʻe: ka hana ʻana i nā huahana a me nā eco-huahana, nā huahana me nā gastronomic kiʻekiʻe a me nā ʻano culinary, a me
iecaianoaaiiie o kū hoʻokahi 'āpana' āina huahana, me nā huahana me ka kiʻekiʻe hoʻolilo eiiiiiaiou.
«Inā mākou e nānā i nā helu helu e hōʻike ana i ka helu o ʻo nā mea kōkua i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, e ʻike mākou i ka loli mau o nā alakaʻi ma laila, - wahi a Alexander Nikulin. - I kēia mau lā, ʻo Tatarstan kekahi o nā alakaʻi e pili ana i ka helu o nā mea kōkua, a ʻo kēia ka ʻāpana ʻo Lipetsk. Wehewehe ʻia kēia
ʻo ia hoʻi ke kākoʻo āpana. I kēia manawa, hoʻomaka kekahi mau ʻāpana ʻē aʻe e hoʻokaʻawale kālā a me nā ala āpau e kākoʻo ai i ka laulima ʻana, akā i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua emi ka hoihoi i kēia wahi, a ma hope iho ua mae pū ka pilina. "
Wahi a ia, aia nā paio i loko o ke kānāwai no ka laulima ʻana, a ʻo ka hana "mai luna aʻe" ʻaʻole kūlike ia me ka makemake o nā mahiʻai iā lākou iho e hui. No laila nā pilikia e kamaʻilio pinepine ʻia a kākau ʻia ai. Akā ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hana ʻana o nā mahiʻai ʻōpio. No laila ma kekahi wahi i Rūkia
e ulu koke ana kahi hui hui mea kanu, e like ana ka nui a me ka mana i ka waiū waiū kaulana ʻo Fonterra.