He aha nā manawa kūpono e wehe ai ka hānau ʻana o ka ʻuala a pehea e hoʻololi ai i nā ʻano waiwai a me nā hybrids i lawe nui ʻia? Ua lilo kēia i kumuhana nui o ka seminar noiʻi a me ka hana ʻana i mālama ʻia ma ka South Ural Research Institute of Hortikulture and Potato Growing (YUNIISK). Ua hōʻike nā ʻepekema i nā mea hou o nā ʻano ʻuala a me nā ʻenehana no ka pale ʻana i nā mea kanu mai nā maʻi a me nā mea ʻino.
Nā mea hou ma ke kahawai
Ke poʻo o ka Institute Nikolay Glaz hōʻike ʻia nā ʻano ʻuala i hānai ʻia e nā mea hoʻouluulu ʻo YUNIISK, a ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka mokuʻāina.
"ʻO kahi o nā wahi nui i koho ʻia no mākou ka hana ʻana i nā ʻano kūpono i kūpono no ka hana ʻenehana," i ʻōlelo ʻo ia. - Eia kekahi laʻana, hōʻike ka ʻano hou Zakhar i nā hopena maikaʻi maikaʻi i nā hoʻokolohua like ʻole. Aia kahi manaolana maoli e zoned ia. A ua waiho ʻia ka ʻano Kashtak no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka mokuʻāina ma 2018. Ma waena o kāna mau mea maikaʻi ka hua kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai he ʻano ʻano nui ia.
Wahi a nā kānaka ʻepekema, i kēia makahiki e hoʻomākaukau ʻia ana he ʻano ʻāpana ʻokoʻa hou no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ma ka State Sort Inspectorate. ʻO kāna keu nui ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, nematodes a me nā maʻi mea kanu ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohui ʻia, loaʻa kahi hua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia - 50 tone o ka hectare, kiʻekiʻe o ka starch - 18%, ʻono maikaʻi a mālama ʻia.
"Ma waena o nā ʻike nui o ka hānau hou ʻana ka hana ʻana o nā ʻano me ka peel waihoʻoluʻu a me nā tubers kala," wahi a Nikolai Glaz. - Ua hānai ʻia kā mākou mea hānai i kahi ʻano ʻuala, hoʻolālā mākou e hoʻoili iā ia no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻomohala ʻo YUNIISK i nā ʻano like me "body box", "bracelet", "cavalier", "ichil". ʻO nā hopena mua o nā hoʻāʻo ʻana i hōʻike i ko lākou kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe i nā maʻi a me ka mālama maikaʻi ʻana.
Mālama ʻia ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ke kanu ʻana i kaʻuala e ka hoʻōla meristem e hoʻohana ana i ka ʻenehana i kapa ʻia o micropropagation mai kahi ʻāpana o ka lau, i ʻae iā ʻoe e hemo i nā microbes a me nā maʻi kanu.
Hoʻololi i nā "wahine haole"
Eia nō naʻe, ma ka laulā, pilikia nui ka hoʻohou ʻana o ka varietal no nā mea kanu uala i ka ʻāina. I kēia lā ma ka moku Chelyabinsk he 25 mau ʻano ʻuala i ulu, a he ʻelima wale nō i zoned no kā mākou wahi kai. ʻO ke kumu, ʻo kēia ka ʻano Nevsky, i nā makahiki i hala iho nei ua kaomi nui ʻia e ka Dutch a me Kelemania Red Scarlett, Romano, a me Rosara. ʻO nā ʻano kūloko i hānai ʻia e YUNIISK e noho mau nei i kahi mahele liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu: no ka laʻana, "Tarasov" - 22 hectare, "Spiridon" - 5 mau hectare wale nō.
I ka manaʻo o nā mahiʻai, pono e hoʻonui i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻano ʻuala o ke koho kūloko, ʻoiai hoʻoliʻiliʻi wikiwiki nā hybrids haole a pono e kūʻai hou ʻia nā mea hua ma nā ʻāina ʻē. Ua hoʻomaka ʻia: ua hoʻomohala nā ʻepekema i kahi ʻano o nā ʻano hou, i nā ʻano he nui ʻole i ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā haole.
Ma ka moku ʻo Chelyabinsk, pili ka hana ʻana i kaʻuala ma nā wahi kaiāulu - Argayashsky, Sosnovsky a me Krasnoarmeysky. E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ʻO Yuri Zasypkin, ke poʻo o ka ʻoihana o ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu a me nā ʻano liʻiliʻi o ka mahiʻai ʻana o ke Kuhina mahiʻai o ka ʻāina, e like me ka wānana, ma kahi o 120 tausani mau tona o kaʻuala e ulu i kēia makahiki. ʻO kēia, ke noʻonoʻo nei i nā huahana i lawe ʻia mai nā wahi kokoke mai, lawa pono ia e hōʻoia i ka pōʻaiapili a me ka lehulehu o ka ʻāina. I ka makahiki i hala, ua ulu wale nā ʻoihana kanu ʻuala a me nā mahiʻai a 146 mau tona o kaʻuala.
- Ma nā makahiki he 20 i hala aku nei, he hōʻiliʻili kēia no ka ʻāina, - wahi a ka mea hana. ʻO ka Hope Kuhina mua o ka mahiʻai o ka ʻāina ʻo Alexander Zavalishchin. - No kēia leo, 40 tausani tona o kaʻuala i hoʻokuʻu ʻia aku no ke kūʻai aku ma waho o ka ʻāina. Me ka hoʻonui o ka hana, kū ka poʻe mahiʻai i ka pilikia o ke kūʻai aku ʻana i nā tubers. ʻO kēia ka manaʻo ʻaʻole māʻona nā mea kūʻai a me nā kaulahao kūʻai aku me kekahi mea. Pono pono e kālailai i ke kūlana ma ka mākeke a hana i kahi noi i nā ʻepekema e hana i nā ʻano hou e koi ʻia ana ma ka mākeke.
Source: https://up74.ru/