ʻO ka hemahema o nā limahana kekahi o nā pilikia nui o nā mea hana mahiʻai i nā makahiki i hala. Mai ka luku ʻia ʻana o ke kula Soviet no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā loea no ka ʻoihana agro-industrial, ʻaʻole hiki i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonaʻauao ke hāʻawi i kahi pani kūpono. A i kēia lā, koi ʻia nā luna HR e hoʻokūkū i ka hana noʻonoʻo i mea e huki ai i kahi waiwai kanaka waiwai.
Ma na kulana makeke
I kēia mau lā, ʻo nā mea hana ke hoʻokūkū nei i kā lākou koi i nā limahana, ʻaʻole ia. Ke piʻi nei nā manawa hoʻolimalima, a me nā kumukūʻai hoʻolimalima no nā ʻoihana, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī a me ka lōʻihi o ka huki ʻana i nā moho. ʻOiai ke poʻo o ka lawelawe paʻi o HeadHunter (hh.ru) Hema Ekaterina Nikiforova, Manaʻo ʻia kahi kaulike he ʻoluʻolu maʻamau no ka mākeke hana, aia he 5-7,9 hoʻomau i kēlā me kēia hakahaka. ʻO ka waiwai o kēia papa kuhikuhi ma lalo o 4 ke hōʻike nei i ka hemahema o nā limahana.
I ka makahiki 2023, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka helu kiʻekiʻe loa o ka index i ka ʻoihana mahiʻai ma Ianuali a me Malaki - 3,4 hoʻomaka i kēlā me kēia hakahaka. Eia naʻe, ma ʻApelila ua hoʻomaka ka emi ʻana a ma ka hopena o Mei ua hāʻule i 2,8. ʻO ia mau loli ma muli o ka hoʻokūkū kiʻekiʻe me nā ʻoihana ʻoihana ʻē aʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā mea noi. ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o ka nele o nā limahana kūpono a me ka kaulana ʻole o ka ʻoihana agro-industrial holoʻokoʻa.
He kahua hoʻokūkū koʻikoʻi ka mahiʻai kahi e kau ai nā mea hana i nā hana hou a hoʻokūkū maoli no nā mea noi. Wahi a Ekaterina Nikiforova, I kēia lā, hāʻawi pinepine nā ʻoihana mahiʻai i ka hana i nā agronomists, nā mea ʻenehana hoʻoponopono palaoa a me nā loea holoholona. Aia kekahi koi nui no nā ʻelele o nā ʻoihana hana ma ka ʻoihana agro-industrial, a me ka ulu ʻana o ka automation kaʻina hana i ka ʻoihana, ke piʻi nei ka nui o nā hakahaka no nā loea IT.
«Nā papa gula
He loea i nā kulekele limahana o ka Union of Potato and Vegetable Market Participants of Russia (Potato Union) Svetlana Sonina ʻO kekahi o nā inoa i koi nui ʻia a liʻiliʻi ka ʻoihana o ka ʻenekini hydraulic. He mea maʻamau ka hoʻomau ʻana ma nā kahua ʻike, akā ʻo 90% o lākou no nā loea mai nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. Akā i ka hana hou ʻana o ka mahiʻai, pono ia mau limahana i ko lākou kaumaha i ke gula, ʻo kēlā me kēia mahiʻai kahi e hoʻoinu ai lākou e pono ai.
He mea paʻakikī loa ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi agronomist, no laila ʻo nā ʻoihana, ʻoiai me nā limahana limahana, ʻaʻole e hōʻole i kahi puka puka kulanui. Luna Hooko o VALMIKS LLC ʻO Valentin Kozlov manaʻo ʻo ia he mea pono e hana i kahi mālama kanaka, kahi e hana ai kāna ʻoihana i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Inā makemake ka mahiʻai i ʻelua agronomists, pono e hoʻolimalima ʻia ʻekolu agronomists, a ʻo kekahi o lākou he ʻōpiopio loa, ʻo ia ka mea e uku aku ai ma mua o kona waiwai. Hiki iā ia ke lilo i ʻeono makahiki no ka mea hoʻomaka e lilo i ʻoihana, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻāla ʻana i kahi loea iā ʻoe iho, me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i kāna mau ʻoihana e hiki mai ana.
Pono nui ka ʻoihana i nā mea hana mīkini, e like me Svetlana Sonina, I kēia lā, pono nā tausani o nā hale mai Kaliningrad a Vladivostok. ʻO ka ʻoihana kikoʻī o ka ʻoihana he seasonality, akā makemake nā mea a pau e mālama i kēlā limahana, ʻoiai inā ʻekolu a ʻelima mau mahina i ka makahiki. ʻO Valentin Kozlov wehewehe i ka hemahema o nā mea hana mīkini ma ka pani ʻana i ka hapa nui o nā kula a me nā kula ʻenehana kahi i aʻo ʻia ai lākou. Ma waena o ka poʻe i loaʻa i kēia lā i ka hana ʻana, he kakaikahi wale nō ka poʻe ma lalo o 40 mau makahiki. A i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai kahi loea e mākaukau e hana, lawe lākou iā ia me ka hauʻoli, e hāʻawi ana i nā kūlana āpau a kōkua i ka ulu ʻana i ka ʻoihana.
Ke hana nei e hoʻoponopono i kēia pilikia, hui pū ka Potato Union me kekahi mau keʻena o ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻoihana lua. No ka laʻana, GBPOU MO "Lukhovitsky Agro-Industrial College", kahi i alakaʻi ʻia e ʻO Vyacheslav Smirnovhoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā ʻenehana mīkini, nā mea hoʻokele tractor a me nā luna mahiʻai no ka ʻoihana. Loaʻa i kāna mau haumāna puka i ka makahiki o 18-19 nā kuleana o nā ʻāpana kūpono a loaʻa kahi kiʻekiʻe o ke aʻo ʻana. Hāʻawi ʻoluʻolu nā alakaʻi o nā ʻoihana i nā lālā o ka Union i kā lākou mau mahiʻai a hilinaʻi i ka ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe loa.
Mai ka papa kula
Pono ka ʻoihana agro-industrial i nā limahana no ka hana ʻaʻole pono ka ʻike a me nā mākau kūikawā. Ma ka hoʻolimalima ʻana i ia mau limahana, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā iā ʻoe iho i nā loea kūikawā e hiki mai ana a hoʻonohonoho i kā lākou aʻo hou ʻana. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou, ʻoiaʻiʻo, e pili ana i nā ʻōpio: nā keiki kula a me nā haumāna.
Svetlana Sonina e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka ʻike o nā ʻoihana o ka Union i ka huki ʻana i nā keiki kula, nā mea noi a me nā haumāna liʻiliʻi e hōʻiliʻili i nā hua aniani botanical a hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea kanu. Ma ia mau hanana - ma ka olelo hooholo a ka luna hoʻonaʻauao Alexei Zinoviev - GBPOU MO "N. T. Kozlov Kolomna Agrarian College" kuʻuna komo. Aʻo nā kāne i nā kumu o ka ʻoihana agronomist a, ʻoiaʻiʻo, loaʻa ka uku no kā lākou hana. No lākou, he manawa kūpono kēia e hoʻāʻo ai i ke ʻano a me nā mākau kamaʻilio ma kahi hui makua.
ʻAʻole ia ka makahiki mua i hui pū ai nā lālā o ka Potato Union me ka hui lehulehu "nā hui haumāna Lūkini". E hana mau me kona lālā āpana ma ka ʻāina ʻo Moscow, i alakaʻi ʻia e Pavel Kovalev. Luna Nui o LLC "SPK i kapa ʻia ma hope o Lenin" Andrey Grachkovsky i ka makahiki i hala, ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia i kahi moʻolelo maoli ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi hui o 52 mau kānaka ma kāna ʻoihana. Hoahana hoʻokele o Lesnye Dali LLC Vitaly Shtopel ke hoʻohana ikaika nei hoʻi i ka hana a nā haumāna i ka ʻoihana no ka hana kau.
ʻO ka hui Dmitrovskie Vegetables o nā hui, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo JSC Agrofirma Bunyatino, he ʻike pū kekahi i ka huki ʻana i nā haumāna e hana. Luna Nui o ka ʻoihana Sergey Schukin ua hoʻokumu i ke kumu no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā detachments mai waena o nā mea hana mīkini e hiki mai ana. Ua hele aku nā hui ma waho o ka ʻāina a kono i nā keiki mai nā wahi mamao, no ka laʻana, mai Siberia. Wahi a Svetlana Sonina, hahai i ke ala like ma ka hui o Malino.
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole makemake mau nā ʻelele o ka hanauna hou e hoʻohui i ke ola me ka mahiʻai. Wahi a ka nānā ʻana ʻO Valentina Kozlova, ʻaʻole pinepine ka poʻe ʻōpio i ka hoihoi i nā ʻoihana mahiʻai a lākou i koho ai. Hele mai nā haumāna o nā kula ʻenehana kokoke i Moscow, kahi e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai i nā mechanics, i VALMIKS LLC no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa laepua. I ka nīnau ʻana i ka mea i lawe mai iā lākou ma ʻaneʻi, kamaʻilio pololei kekahi mau kāne e pili ana i ko lākou makemake e loaʻa kahi hōʻailona ma kahi palapala no kahi kula hoʻonaʻauao. ʻO ka hana maoli i nā kūlana o kahi ʻoihana mahiʻai hou, ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia ka manawa e aʻo ai i kekahi mea a loaʻa kālā i kā lākou mau hoʻolālā.
Ma ke ala i ke kūʻokoʻa
I ko mākou ʻāina, ke hoʻolaha nei ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka poʻe e lawelawe ana i nā hoʻopaʻi ma nā keʻena hoʻoponopono i ka hana mahiʻai. E like me ka wehewehe ʻana Svetlana Sonina, mai ka contingent i loaʻa i nā ʻoihana, koho ʻia nā poʻe e hana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, hoʻokaʻawale a i ʻole nā huahana hoʻopili. I ka manawa like, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā loea koʻikoʻi i waena o nā mea lawehala. A laila, loaʻa i nā mahiʻai kahi manawa e loaʻa ai kahi ʻenekinia akamai, ʻenehana, mea hoʻokele, mechanic, a pēlā aku.
ʻO JSC "Ozyory", kahi ʻāpana o ka Malino Group of Companies, ke komo nei i ka papahana o ka Federal Penitentiary Service o Russia. Ma o ka hooikaika ana a ka Luna Nui Sergei Pryamov no ka noho ana o keia mahele o na limahana, ua kukuluia ka UFITS - he kahua kūikawā e hana ana ma ke ano he kikowaena hooponopono. E like me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hōʻoluʻolu a me nā mea hana, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka mea maikaʻi loa ma ka ʻāina ʻo Moscow. Ke hoʻohana nei i nā mea hoʻopaʻi, ke hoʻāʻo nei lākou e hana i nā kūlana e hiki ai iā lākou ke hōʻike i ko lākou hiki.
Ua kākau pū ʻo Lesnye Dali LLC i kahi ʻaelike me ke Keʻena o ka Federal Penitentiary Service o Russia no ka moku ʻo Moscow, a ke hele mai nei nā limahana mai nā wahi like ʻole o ka ʻāina. No ka hoʻolako ʻana iā lākou i hale, ua kūʻai ʻia a hoʻoponopono hou ʻia kahi hale hoʻokipa kūloko. Vitaly Shtopel manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ke komo ʻana o nā lawehala e hiki ai ke hoʻoponopono pono i nā pilikia limahana. A i ka wā e komo mau ai nā limahana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolālā palekana i ka ulu a me ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana no nā makahiki e hiki mai ana. Eia kekahi, he hana maikaʻi ke kōkua ʻana i ka poʻe i hina i ke ala o ka hoʻoponopono.
Ma nā kuʻuna maikaʻi loa
ʻAʻole lawa ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi limahana i kahi hana paʻa a manaʻo i nā hana hana mai iā ia. Svetlana Sonina ʻIke wau ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻoihana, ʻo ka hōʻike ʻana o ka hoihoi i kāna mau limahana e lawe i nā ʻano kikoʻī.
No ka laʻana, inā hele mai nā haumāna i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, pono e hāʻawi iā lākou i kahi ola kūpono: hale ʻoluʻolu, meaʻai maikaʻi. Hōʻike i nā loea i ka wā e hiki mai ana i ka aesthetics o ka wahi hana a me ka hana ma ka laulā, e hoʻokomo iā lākou i ka moʻomeheu hui o ka ʻoihana. Akā, ʻo ka mea nui loa, pono e lawe koke ʻia ka poʻe ʻōpio ma lalo o ka ʻēheu o nā kumu aʻoaʻo ʻike i hana mua i ka ʻoihana ma ka ʻoihana, makemake nui ʻia e hoʻolaʻa i ke ʻano o ke aʻo ʻana i kona ʻano maoli, e like me ka wā Soviet.
Ke hoʻāʻo nei nā mea hana o kēia wā e huki i nā limahana me nā uku kūpono. Ekaterina Nikiforovа ua hōʻoia i kēia me ka ʻikepili mai ka pūnaewele hh.ru. Ma ka laulā, ma Rusia, ʻo ka awelika i hāʻawi ʻia i ka uku ma Mei o kēia makahiki ma kahi o 70 tausani rubles no ka agronomist (19% ʻoi aku ma mua o 2021), 68 tausani rubles no ka ʻenehana, 61 tausani rubles no ka mīkini, 65 tausani .rubles. - no ka mea lapaʻau holoholona, 58 tausani rubles - no ka mea lapaʻau.
Ma koʻu ʻike ma ke ʻano he luna ʻO Valentin Kozlov manaʻoʻiʻo ʻaʻole lawa ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā uku no ka huki ʻana i nā limahana hou a mālama i nā limahana. No laila, ke hoʻokō nei ʻo VALMIX LLC i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻoikaika e hiki ai i ka poʻe makemake a ʻike i ke kālā maikaʻi. Maʻaneʻi hoʻi, pono mākou e huli i ka hana Soviet kahiko, i ka manawa i hāʻawiʻia ai nā alakaʻi i ka uku i kapaʻia he 13 i ka hopena o ka makahiki. I nā kūlana hou, hiki i ka mea nona ka ʻoihana ke uku i nā limahana hoʻohiki maikaʻi loa me nā bonus. Pono ko lākou nui ma mua o ka uku maʻamau, inā hiki i nā manawa he nui, i ʻike ka mea loaʻa i kona koʻikoʻi a hoʻāʻo e hōʻoia i ka hilinaʻi.
Vitaly Shtopel Ua maopopo iaʻu e pono ana kahi kulekele pilikanaka noʻonoʻo pono e huki i nā kumuwaiwai kanaka. Ua hoʻoholo ka hoʻokele o Lesnye Dali e kūʻai a kūkulu hou i kahi hale hoʻokipa ʻē aʻe, kahi e hana ai ma kahi o hoʻokahi kakini hoʻokahi-ʻelua lumi lumi no nā limahana e hiki mai ana. Ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia nei kahi papahana no ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi hale noho o 15 mau hale i koho maikaʻi ʻia me nā pā hale. Pono ka waihona hale i hoʻopau ʻia e huki i nā ʻoihana ʻōpio i hiki ke hoʻomaka i nā ʻohana mai nā wahi like ʻole o ka ʻāina.
Mai ke anaina a i ke kahua
Ekaterina Nikiforova mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki, ua kau nā hui Lūkini e pili ana i ka mahiʻai ma mua o 48 mau hakahaka ma hh.ru. ʻO kēia kahi kokoke i ke kolu (+28%) ʻoi aku ma mua o 2022 a me 51% ʻoi aku ma mua o 2021. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka noi nui loa no nā limahana hou ma Moscow (9% o nā hakahaka), ka Territory Krasnodar (8%) a me ka Voronezh Region (6%). I ka manawa like, ʻo ka helu o nā mea noi, ma ke ʻano ʻē, hōʻike i kahi ʻano maikaʻi ʻole. No laila, mai Ianuali a Mei i 2021, ua hoʻopuka nā mea hana ma kahi o 1,1 tausani mau hakahaka agronomist, a no ka manawa like ma 2023 aia ma luna o 2 tausani.
Kupa nui ʻO Valentin Kozlov kahea i ka wahi kuhikuhi o ka hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe o ka home i ka hoʻopuka ʻana i nā diploma i ka poʻe theorists, ʻaʻole i ke aʻo ʻana i nā loea. I kona manaʻo, aia nā aʻa o nā pilikia i ka hana ʻana i kā mākou hoʻonaʻauao, i nalowale i ka honua ma kahi o 30-40 mau makahiki i hala. ʻO ka hopena, he hāʻule i kona pae mai ka honua a mediocre.
ʻO ka hopena o ka pilikia Svetlana Sonina ʻike i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka manaʻo hoʻonaʻauao i manaʻo ʻia e ka luna o ka Potato Union, ka luna nui o JSC "Malino" Sergei Lupekhin. Manaʻo ka manaʻo i ka predominance o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana ma luna o ke kumumanaʻo, e hoʻihoʻi hou i nā papa hana noiʻi ma ke ʻano e lilo ai nā haumāna ʻekolu a me ka ʻehā i ka 60% o kā lākou manawa aʻo ma nā ʻoihana, ʻaʻole i loko o nā lumi papa. Pono nā haumāna ma nā wahi o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka "agronomy", "agrochemistry", "agroengineering" a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e aʻo i nā mīkini mahiʻai ma ke kulanui a loaʻa iā ia ke kuleana e mālama ai.
Ua kākoʻo ʻia ka hana e nā hoa o ka Union - ka Institute of Agrobiotechnologies o ka Timiryazev Academy a me ka Tula State Pedagogical University i kapa ʻia ma hope o L. N. Tolstoy. No laila, no ka laʻana, ma ka olelo hooholo o ka rector o ka Tula Pedagogical University Konstantin Podrezov, mai September 1, 2023, ke kolu a me ka ha makahiki haumāna o ka Faculty o Natural Sciences, wahi o ka haʻawina "Agronomy", "Biology", "Biotechnology. ", a me ka Faculty of Technology and Business, nā wahi o ke aʻo ʻana "Service of Vehicles", "Technical Systems in Agribusiness", e hoʻomaka i kahi internship ma Bogoroditsky Alliance LLC e like me ka papa hana 50/50 (50% o ka manawa aʻo i ka hana, 50% ma ke aʻo ʻana).
He mea hana hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūpono Svetlana Sonina e noʻonoʻo ana i ka papahana Federal "Professionality", i loko o ke ʻano o JSC "Ozyory" a me ka Kolomna Agricultural College, me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ke kūkulu nei i kahi hoʻonaʻauao a me ka hana "Agrocluster" ma ka ʻāina ʻo Moscow. ʻO nā haumāna i komo i loko e ulu aʻe ma luna o nā mea hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻi loa - ke komo ʻana i nā kaʻina hana o ka agribusiness.
Irina Berg