ʻO ka mahele nui no ka hana o nā hua kanu a me nā mea kanu o ka māla Lūkini e hoʻopaʻa ana i ka "AFG National" aia ʻia ma ka ʻāina Nizhny Novgorod.
ʻO nā māla ʻo Nizhny Novgorod he hapa o ka paʻa (Agrosfera LLC, Agropromresurs LLC, PK NKS LLC) e ulu i nā mea kanu ma kahi pānaʻi ma mua o 1500 ʻaneka a hoʻokō i nā hopena hoʻopaʻa.
E pili ana i ka paʻa ʻana o ka mahiʻai
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Agroholding AFG National ma Pepeluali 2013 ma muli o ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka ʻoihana agro-industry e hoʻopaʻa i ka AF-Group (maʻaʻike: ulu a ulu ʻana i ka laiki) a me ka hui ʻo Angstrem Company (ʻo ka mea lawe i nā ʻōpio paʻa). I ka makahiki 2015, ua hoʻomaka ka paʻa i kahi papahana no ka hana ʻana o ka papaʻaina a me nā hua kanu a me ka hāleʻa ʻana i nā kī ʻai i nā wahi i loaʻa ma nā wahi ʻo Nizhny Novgorod a me Novgorod.
I kēia manawa ke ulu nei ka mahiʻai ʻana i nā ʻuala a me nā mea kanu i ʻekolu mau ʻāina: Nizhny Novgorod, Novgorod a me Rostov.
ʻO ka māhele me ke kāhea maikaʻi a me nā kūlana hoʻopukapuka maikaʻi
No ka ʻāina ʻo Nizhny Novgorod nā wahi āpau me nā kūlana kūpono kūpono loa no ka ulu lāʻau a me nā lau. Eia kekahi, e like me nā mākaʻikaʻi o ka wahi mālama i ka māla, ua ulu ʻia kahi kāhea waiwai waiwai ma ʻaneʻi.
I kēia lā ʻo ka Nizhny Novgorod Region kahi mea kanu nui o ka mea kanu o ka AFG National, a ʻo kēlā me kēia makahiki e ʻoi aku ai ma mua o 80 tausani mau a kanu a me nā mea kanu waho (ma ka laulā, ua hōʻiliʻili nā ʻāpana āpau i kahi o 120 tausani tons o nā huahana).
ʻO ka ʻoihana o ka hana mahiai e hoʻohana ʻia nā kōkua kālā i hāʻawi ʻia e nā luna hoʻomalu a me nā kūloko e hāʻawi i nā kākoʻo e pili ana, ka hana ʻana o nā hua kanu a me ke kūʻai ʻana i nā hua elite. Eia kekahi, uku ka ʻāina i kahi 50% o nā kumukūʻai o ke kūkulu ʻana i nā luawai no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka irrigation. Mai ka makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia kahi loina hou e kākoʻo ai i ka poʻe mahiʻai ma ka wahi - ka uku uku no ka 50% o nā uku o ka waiho ʻana i nā ʻāina mahiai i loko o ke kahe ʻana o ka mahiʻai. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻohui hou ka AFG National ma ka mokuʻo Nizhny Novgorod i kahi o ka 1500 ʻeka o ka ʻāina mahiʻai.
Palapala papa, nā hua a me nā ʻāpana ʻuala
I loko o ka mahiʻai o Nizhny Novgorod o ka mālama ʻana i ka mahiʻai, 1100 ka heka i kāʻei ʻia no ka kanu ʻana o ka hua ware, a hiki i ka 450 heketeleka huahele. Māhuahua mau wahi; ʻaʻole i hoʻolālā ka ʻoihana e hoʻonui iā lākou i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
In 2019, 60 mano tons o nā ware ware, ma kahi he 14 tausani tons o nā hua, he 21,3 tausani mau kālena papa i loaʻa.
Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ma nā makahiki ʻelua i hala aku nei ua hoʻonui ka māla ʻana i ka nui o ka hana o ka mea kanu hua i ka wahi o Nizhny Novgorod ma 44,3%. ʻO ke kumu nui kēia ma muli o ka hoʻonui o ka hopena - mai 500 a 600 c / ha.
Hoʻoulu ʻia nā hua kanu o nā hua mua no ka pono o ka pono o ka ʻoihana, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā mea elite a me ka super elit no ke kūʻai aku, ʻo ia hoʻi i loko o ka hoʻolālā o nā papahana hui me nā mea hoʻokumu hua kanu.
I 2020, ua kanu pū ʻia nā mea kanu ʻuala o nā ʻuala ma kahi o ka wahi (a i kēia manawa ma kahi papa hoʻokolohua liʻiliʻi o 20 hepeka).
Hoʻohui pono i nā mea kanu a me nā ʻuala, ʻo ka hana ʻo Nizhny Novgorod o ka mahiʻai e mālama ana i nā hua a me nā hua o ka leguminous, e hiki ai ke nānā i kahi ʻehā huaʻai.
Nā ʻano nui
Hoʻopuka ʻo ka Agroholding i nā ʻuala no ka kuke ʻana, kālai a ʻūlū ʻia i ka ʻai (me kahi kiʻekiʻe o nā mōʻī ma nā kūmato).
Ke manaʻo nei ka ʻoihana e kūʻai aku i ka nui o nā huahana ma o nā kūloko hale kūʻai, no laila, i ke koho ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano, nānā nui ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻano o ka huahana. Kahi nui ka pūlima, ʻike ʻia e ka maka pāpū, kūpono no ka holoi ʻana a kū ʻole i ka hōʻino ʻana i ka mīkini, ʻae ʻia i kahi mālama lōʻihi a me ka halihali.
I kēia manawa, ʻo Galemania a me Colomba nā ʻano kumu nui o ka laina, ua hōʻike pū ʻo ia iā lākou iho ma nā wahi o Gioconda a me Madeira.
ʻO ke kūʻai aku nā huahana
Kuhi ka mahiʻai i ka mahi ʻana i ka mākeke paleta me nā kāloti piha a me kā lākou kūʻai ʻana i ka lole i kālai ʻia i lalo o kāna mau hōʻailona ponoʻī a me nā hōʻailona pilikino.
Manaʻo nā mea kūʻai o nā hale kūʻai kaulike me nā hōʻailona kālepa ʻelua o ka ʻenehana: "koho kūlohelohe" (nā ʻuala holoi ʻia o kahi mahele ʻokoʻa) a me "The Vegetable League" (kahi i holoi ʻia i loko o kahi ʻeke). Hoʻokomo pū ka hua ʻa ʻa Vegetable League i kā kaloti, beets a me nā ʻoliki i ulu ma nā kī ma nā wahi ʻo Nizhny Novgorod a me Rostov.
Hoʻopili ʻia ka packing ma muli o nā kauoha o nā kaulahao kūʻai a me nā mea lawe.
ʻO kekahi, ʻo nā mahiʻai o ka mahiʻai e hoʻopaʻa ana i nā lako maka no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā ʻoihana ʻona. ʻAʻole koho ʻia kēia ʻāpana huahana (NST) ma ka nui, aia paha i ka tub o ka ʻano like ʻole a loaʻa nā mea ʻino o ke kino, ka mea i hiki ʻole ke kūʻai ʻia aku i nā kūloko hale kūʻai, akā ʻaʻole ia e pili i ka maikaʻi.
Kāpena
ʻO ka waihona ʻāina "AFG National" i ka ʻāina Nizhny Novgorod ʻoi aku ma mua o 16 tausani heʻeneki, nona mau mea he 4 mau heka ka lako me ka irowai. I kēia lā ke kūkulu nei ka mahiʻai ʻana i ka pūnāwai hou; ma hope o kāna ʻoihana, ke hoʻonui ʻia ka wahi o ka ʻāina irrigated e loaʻa ai he 300 he ʻeka. Hoʻolilo nui aku ka AFG National i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā huahana kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. Ma ka māhele ʻo Nizhny Novgorod he wahi kanu kiʻekiʻe i kālai ʻia me ka nui o ka 16,4 tausani ʻona (ʻo Lukoyanovsky moku), kahi mālama no nā ʻuala huaʻai me ka nui o 9 tausani mau kākā (distrik Dalnekonstantinovsky), a he kāla lāʻau no ka 18,5 mau tausani kāloti o ka kāloti (ka moku Shatkovsky). Eia kekahi, i ka hoʻolilo ʻana i nā ʻenehana o ka ʻoihana mahiai e paʻa i nā keʻena waiwai no ka nui o 27 tausani ʻona (he pahu no 10 tausani mau mea ma Svetlogorsk, no 9 tausani tons ma ke kauhale o Sliznevo, moku Arzamassky, a me 8 tausani tons i kauhale o Vyezdnoye Apana Arzamas).
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