Maria Erokhova, MD, Keena O Potato a me nā Huʻi Maʻa, FGBNU VNIIF
Maria Kuznetsova, Oihana Ke Keʻena O Ka Wate a me nā Huʻu, FGBNU VNIIF
ʻO kēia manawa, ua lilo nā virus i nā huaʻai i mea hōʻeha ma Rusia. He nui o kēia mau maʻi (e.g., Y-potato virus) i ʻike ʻia me ka nui o ka loina non-quarantine no nā ʻuala kanu i ka EU ma 2019.
1Ma ʻApelila 4, 2020, ua mālama ka World Potato Congress i kahi webinar i kapa ʻia ʻo Potato Viruses: ʻO ka ʻIke Hou. Kuhi ʻia ka pūnaewele webinar ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekane ma ka pūnaewele World Patato Congress i ke komo komo.
ʻO ka luna o ka ʻikepili ʻo Dr. Alexander Karasev. Heʻike maʻamau ʻo ia ma ke kahua o phytovirusology. Ua loaʻa iā Alexander Karasev kahi Ph.D. i ka ʻepekema olakino mai Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov, hana nui ma Virology. Mai 2006, ua hana ʻo ia ma ke Kulanui o Idaho (USA). Ma kāna hana noiʻi, noi nui ʻo Dr. Karasev i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi Y-virus.
I ka wā o ka webinar, ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Dr. Karasev i ka maʻi Y-virus e pili ana i nā potiviruses (Potyvirus). E like me nā maʻi āpau, ʻo ka pathogen he kuleana parasite a hiki iā ia ke hoʻopili pono iā ia wale nō i loko o nā puna o nā mea kanu mai ka ʻohana nighthade. Mālama ʻia ka pathogen i nā hua kanu a i loko o nā "kanu manawaleʻa". Hiki i ke Y-virus ke hoʻouna i ka mīkini me ka vector - ma o nā vectors pepeke. He mau aphids kēlā mau pepu manu no ka Y Y na lawe i ke ʻano ʻole.
Ua koi ʻo Alexander Karasev he make kino ʻo ka maʻi Y ma ka neʻe ʻana i nā poho kūpono. Ua kūpaʻa ʻia inā ka pā ʻana o ka pathogen i ka 1% o ka mea kanu ulu, ua lilo ka mākeke i $ 17 ma luna o ka hekahi. I ka makahiki 2008, ua lilo ke kumukūʻai o ka palaoa i hoʻoilina i ka US $ 1 miliona. Eia kekahi, i ka wā i pōʻino ka moʻomeheu, nalowale ka maikaʻi o nā kōpō ma muli o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi neʻīnehina annularic o ka maʻi pālato ma luna o lākou. Hoʻolālā ka hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻole i ka puna wale nō, akā, ma nā lau hoʻi, e lilo i mosaic, ʻekele. Me ke kūkulu ikaika ʻana o ka maʻi, ua lohi ka ulu o ka mea kanu.
Ua hoʻomaopopo ke ʻepekema ʻoiai he ʻano ʻokoʻa ka maʻi pā i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi Y. I kēia manawa, aia kekahi mau ʻikepili haole o nā ʻano uala i ʻike i ka loiloi loiloi o ka kūʻē ʻana o nā ʻano like ʻole i nā nui fungi, nā nematodes cystod (ʻO Pale Globodera helehelena Pa 2/3, 1, ʻO Globodera rostochiensis Ro1), ai pū kekahi. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona "Kūkākūkā o nā ʻano hua kanu" (AHDB pateta, UK).
I ka pau ʻana o ka punaewele, ua hoʻokaʻina ke kaukaʻi o Kauka Karasev i ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea e hoʻohālikelike ai i ka Y-virus o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hua kanu i hōʻoia ʻia (me ka ʻōmole meristem koʻikoʻi), ka kanu ʻana o nā ʻano kū like ʻole, a me ka hoʻoponopono kaulike kūpono no ka hana a me ka hana ʻenehana.