Hui Hoʻoilina ʻAmelika-ʻAmelika
Ma ka lā 6 Pepeluali, ua mālama ʻia ka All-Russian Agronomic Conference i ka ʻāpana o ka International Exhibition Agrofarm-2019.
HANUI IA ANA
Ma ka lā 6 Pepeluali, ua mālama ʻia ka All-Russian Agronomic Conference i ka ʻāpana o ka International Exhibition Agrofarm-2019. I kahi hanana me ka komo ʻana o ke alakaʻi o ka Ministry of Agriculture, ua koho ʻia nā ʻelele o ka moku Duma a me nā ʻāina e pili ana i ka hui o ka agro-industrial complex, ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻia nā hopena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka makahiki 2018, me nā hana no ka wā e hiki mai ana.
KE MAU AKU A ME NA PILI
ʻO kekahi o nā mea mua i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hana mahiai i ka 2024, ua kāhea ʻo Kuhina mua ʻo Dzhambulat Khatuov i ka hōʻoia e paʻa o ka hōʻiliʻili o ka hua ma ke ʻano o ka makahiki 137,5 miliona me ka hiki ke lawe aku i ka 55 miliona mau mea i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
No ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēia mau kuhikuhi, pono ke hui pū ʻana o nā lawelawe e pili ana i ka ʻāina ʻoihana e hoʻohana ana i ka ʻāina ʻoihana mahiʻai a ʻike i kā lākou hoʻolaha ʻana i ka pilina.
Ano, i ka makahiki 2019, ua hana ʻia nā wahi me kahi piʻi ʻekolu mau wahi ma ka palena o ka palena o nā lepo, a hiki i ka 775 tausani hepeka, e hoʻohana ana i nā ana kākoʻo.
E like me ka mea i hoʻomaopopo ʻia i ka hanana, i ka makahiki i hala, me ke ʻano paʻakikī o ke aniau, ma muli o ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā ʻenehana mahiʻai hou, ua hōʻike ka Russian agro-industrial complex i nā hopena maikaʻi, a ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā moʻolelo i ka hōʻiliʻili o kēlā me kēia mea kanu. No laila, e like me nā wanana mua, ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia he 19,2 miliona mau tona o nā aila: ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili nui ʻia ʻana o ka sunflower he 12,6 miliona mau tona, soybeans - 3,9 miliona mau tona, rapeseed - 1,98 miliona mau tona.
No ka manawa mua, ʻoi aku ka hōʻiliʻili o nā lau i nā wai ʻai kūlou ma mua o ka 1 miliona mau mea. ʻOiai e mālama ana i ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana, hiki i ka poʻe mahiʻai o nā hale i nā makahiki 3-4 e hiki mai ana ke hoʻokō i nā pono kīʻaha o ka ʻāina no ka mea kanu huaʻai.
KAHANAO ANA O KA MAKAHIKI
Ua hōʻike ʻia kēia kumuhana pili i kāna ʻōlelo e Roman Nekrasov, ka Luna Hoʻokele o ke Keʻena Hana Hoʻohui Nui, ʻoihana, Chemicalization a me ka Hoʻōla ʻoihana i ka Ministry of Agriculture o ka Russian Federation.
Kālike ʻo ia ʻo ka mahiai i nā huahele o ka pace o ka hoʻokō ʻikepili o nā ʻikepili o kekahi o nā wahi e hoʻomohala o nā ʻenekele hou. Ma kēia mea, ke hoʻomohala nei ke Keʻena Kūʻai i kahi ʻāpana ʻoihana "Digital Agriculture". ʻO ka pahuhopu pāhana: ke hoʻololi ʻana i ka mahiʻai ma o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā ʻenehana kamepiula a me nā ʻenehana hoʻonā e hōʻoia ai i ka pau ʻana o ka ʻenehana i ka ʻenehana agro-industri a hiki i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka loaʻa o nā limahana ma nā ʻoihana ʻenehana ʻoihana i ka makahiki 2021.
Ua hōʻike ka luna o ka 'oihana ulu e ulu ana i nā wahi e pili ana i ka pailaka (a me: Belgorod, nā ʻāina Samara, ka Repubalika o Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Mordovia, etc.), nā hana e hoʻokō i nā hana ʻōnaehana ma ka hoʻolauna ʻana i nā ʻenehanaʻenehana a no laila hiki ke hoʻopili hou ʻia nā hana maikaʻi ma loko o ka ʻāina.
KE KAHANANA NANOHANA MAUI LOA
I ka makahiki 2019, 11,34 bilela nā rubles i hāʻawi ʻia e hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo pili ʻole i ka hana ʻana.
Ma ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā loina o ka hāʻawi ʻana i kēia kumukūʻai ma waena o nā mea hana i ka mahiʻai, hōʻike ke alakaʻi o ka mea kanu ulu e hōʻike ana, e like me ka wā ma mua, e hāʻawi ʻia nā kālā i nā mahiʻai i ka mahi ʻai ʻana i ka hua ʻai, nā loea, a me nā mea kanu ʻai. E loaʻa nō i nā hua o nā hua ʻai, nā ʻano hua ʻai o ka lau o ka ʻāina, ka palaoa, ka sugar beets, nā ʻalākā o ka lepa, flax, hemp loea.
I ka manawa like, e hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka uku e 15% i kēlā mau ʻoihana e hōʻoia i ka mea i lulu ʻia. Pēlā, ke hoʻolālā nei ka Kuhina Kūʻai o ka Lūkini Russian i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻona ʻoihana mahiʻai ma kēia ʻāina.
Hāʻawi ʻia nā kālā kālā no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi i ʻike ʻia e ka ʻoihana ma ke ʻano he mea nui i manaʻo ʻia no nā makahiki e hiki mai ana: ʻo ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka hana ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā lepo lepo. Wahi a ka Kuhina Kūʻai o ka Lūkini Lūkini, aia ma kahi o 30% o ia mau ʻāina i Lūkia, e lilo ka limu i mea nui i ka hana e hoʻonui ai i kā lākou ulu. No nā mahiʻai e mālama ikaika ana i kēia hana, hāʻawi ʻia nā waihona kālā me ka coefficient of 2.0.
ʻO kekahi o nā mea koʻikoʻi no ka loaʻa kālā o ka waihona kālā e hoʻohana ʻia e ka ʻenehana mahiai o nā hua o ia mau ʻano a i ʻole nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe i komo pū ʻia i ka State List of Selection Achievements a apono ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻia ma ka wahi kahi e mālama ʻia ai ka māla. I ka manawa like, pono ka ʻano varietal a lūlū ʻia i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hua hua me ke ʻano me ka GOST R 52325-2005.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili kālā o ke kālā kōkua e hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka mea ʻoi ke ʻano he nui. No nā mahiʻai o ka Wā Non-Chernozem o Lūkia (aia ma nā wahi i hiki ke lilo i ka wai a me ka hoʻouluulu wai), a me ka ʻāpana ʻāina ʻo Siberia, ʻĀpana Federal Federal, ʻo Repubalika o Crimea a me ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Sevastopol, e uku ʻia nā kumukūʻai me ka piʻi ʻana o ka luna 1,7.
Akā, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka waihona o nā ʻāina me ka maikaʻi o nā mākeke me nā makahiki (Belgorod, Voronezh, Kursk, Lipetsk, Tambov, Rostov, Krasnodar a me Stavropol Territory) ʻaʻole i loaʻa he kālā i loko o ke kahua o ka hōʻoki ʻana i kēia makahiki (me ka ʻae ʻole o ka mahele i hoʻoili ʻia e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻāina mālama ʻāina). . ^ E Ha yM.
HAAWINA KAHIKINA
ʻO kahi ʻāpana nui o ka hana a ka Kuhina Kūʻai o ka Lūkini Russian he hana kānāwai. E like me ka mea e ʻike ai ʻo Roman Nekrasov, i ka makahiki 2019 ua hoʻolālā ka Ministry of Agriculture e komo i ka hoʻomākaukau a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kēia mau hana kānāwai a me nā hoʻoponopono kānāwai.
• Kānāwai Kānāwai "Ma nā hoʻololi i ke kānāwai" Ma ka hana ʻana i nā hua "a me kekahi mau hana kau kānāwai o ka Russian Federation;
• ʻO ka bila ma ka nānā ʻana i nā moku i ka mālama palekana i nā pesticides a me agrochemical;
• Nā loina kūloko i ka hoʻokōkau 'ana i ke kānāwai Federal Federal o Iulai 21.072014, 206 No. XNUMX-FZ "On Plant Quarantine";
• Ke kuhi i nā kānāwai Federal "No ka Hoʻohui ʻana i ke Kānāwai o ka Russian Federation no nā hewa ʻauhau (ma ka ʻōlelo e wehewehe ana i ka ʻano o ka hoʻonāukiuki i hāʻawi ʻia ma ka Paukū 9.3 o ke Kānāwai ʻauhau i nā hewa, a me nā mana o nā kino e hana ana i ka mālama mākaʻikaʻi ma ke kula kuʻuna o ka mana o nā kaʻa holo kaʻa kūʻokoʻa a me nā ʻano hana like ʻole. );
• Hoʻohui ʻia i ka papahana no ka Mokuʻāina no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mahiʻai a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā huahana o ka mahiai, nā ʻĀina Kūʻai a me nā Mākeke ʻai.
HUAʻOLAHAʻA ACUTE
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka makahiki 2018 e nā mea hana hoʻomohala e like me ka hoʻonui nui loa i nā kumukūʻai o nā wahie a me nā suʻe. Akā e uku ʻia ka hapa o nā kumukūʻai: i ka paʻa ʻana o ke Kuhina o ke ʻIla Kūʻai o ka Lūkini Lūkini, ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo 5 bilela mau rubles mai ka waihona kālā o ke Aupuni Rūsia no ka kūʻai ʻana i ka wahie make no ka hana mahiai, ua hoʻouna ʻia kēia mau kālā i 79 mau wahi o ka ʻāina.
E like me ka hoʻopaʻi ʻana o Roman Nekrasov, e nānā mau ana ke Kuhina o ka Mahiai i ke kūlana e pili ana i ka mākeke a me nā wahi lubricants, a inā e ulu ʻia kahi ulu ʻana, e hoʻāʻo hou ia i ka lawenae e hōʻemi i nā hopena o nā mea mahiʻai.
ʻAʻole liʻiliʻi e mālama pono, ke nānā pono nei ka ʻoihana i ke kūlana i ka mākeke o nā minima mineral. Aia a hiki i ka hapalua o Nowemapa 2018, ua kuʻikahi ʻia kahi kuʻikahi ma waena o nā hopohopo kemika a me ke Kuhina Kūʻai ma ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā kumukūʻai ʻoihana no nā ʻāpana mahiʻai o Rūsia.
Akā me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki hou, hoʻomaka nā hōʻailona e hele mai nā wahi mai kahi e pili ana i kahi kaʻe o ka piʻi o ke kumukūʻai (e like me ka ʻike mua, a ʻo ka ulu ʻana o Pepeluali i mau kūlana i ka nui o ka 6%). Wahi a ka luna hoʻokele o ka Russian Association of Fertilizer Manufacturers Maxim Kuznetsov, ʻoiai loa, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi ʻokoʻa o nā helu i wehewehe ʻia e ka piʻi ʻana o ka VAT, a me ka hoʻonui ʻia no nā lawelawe kaʻa. Wahi a kahi ʻenehana o nā ʻoihana ʻenehana, ʻaʻohe manawa o ka manawa e piʻi ai ke kumukūʻai o ke kumukūʻai ʻoi ʻana iā lākou iho, ʻo ke emi iki o ke kumukūʻai ʻaʻole i hoʻoholo ʻia.
HE KOMO ANA O KE KAI RUSSIAN KAUIA
ʻO ka manawa nui i ka manawa o ka hālāwai ninaninau i kūkākūkā e pili ana i ka pono e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o nā mīkini mahiʻai o Lūkia a, inā paha, ka mea nui o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana i kēlā me kēia hoʻohālike e hele mai ana i ka laina anaina o kahi hui pilikino.
E like me ke kuhikuhi ʻana o Jambulat Khatuov, ʻo ka kūleʻa o ka hoʻokau ʻana a me ka manawa i nā hoʻokolohua o kēia lā ka mea ia e lilo i ke ʻano koho nui loa i ka wā e hāʻawi ana i nā haʻawina mai ka mokuʻāina no ke kūʻai ʻana mai i ka mīkini mahiʻai. Ma waho o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, e ʻike nā lako hou i nā kikowaena hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka mīkini, nāna e ʻae nā poʻe loea i ka ʻike e pili ana i kona mau hemahema i nā mea hana, e ʻae iā lākou e hoʻopau ʻia i ka manawa pōkole.
Ua kāhea i ke Kuhina Hope ʻĀina i nā mea hana hana e hoʻolako i nā wahi no ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana ma nā wahi kikowaena Lūkini a ua hui pū ʻia no ka lawe pū ʻana i nā mīkini ahuwale i waena o kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe loa.
OKAU n
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Gennady Alekseev, ka loea kūkākūkā no ka ʻepekema ma ka Federal State Budgetary Institution Hydrometeorological Center o Rūsia, i ke ʻano o nā kūlana o ka hoʻoilo o kēia wā a me kā lākou hopena ma ka hōʻoki e hiki mai ana. Ua ʻike ʻo ia ʻo ka lūlū ʻana i nā mea kanu hoʻoilo ma 2018 ma nā ʻāpana a me Kaukaia Kauka i hala i ka manawa o ka manawa lōʻihi ʻole o ka ua, i ka ʻāina maloʻo, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka maikaʻi o nā mea kanu.
Ma Ianuali 2019, kokoke paha he 9% o ka lāʻau i kanu ʻia (ma kahi o 1,55 miliona hectares) i helu ʻia he pilikia ma nā loea. Akā i kēia mau mahina i hala, ua hoʻomaikaʻi nui ke kūlana. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Pepeluali, ua hōʻike ʻia nā kūlana hua ʻole i nā wahi ma kahi o 0,7 miliona ha. No ka hoʻohālikelike: ma 2017, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma hope o 0,3 miliona hectares i helu ʻia he mau mea paʻakikī. No laila, e like me ka luna o Hydrometeorological Center o Lūkia, ʻo ka wānana no ka ʻohi no nā wahi hema o nā ʻāina, ʻaʻole ia ka mea iʻike mua loa ʻia.
Ma ka ʻāina āpau, ʻo nā kūlana agrometeorological no ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo hoʻoilo hoʻoilo ka hapa nui. Ma kekahi mau wahi i ke kūlanakauhaleʻo Lenin, ʻo Novgorod, Smolensk, Tver, Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, Kostroma, Vologda, Kirov a me Nizhny Novgorod, kahi ma lalo o ka uhi wai nui (4045 cm a ʻoi aku paha) ua liʻiliʻi ka hoʻomake lepo ʻana (2-10 cm), a ma kekahi mau wahi i noho mau ʻia dilu, mālama ʻia nā kūlana no ka hōʻino i nā mea hoʻoilo ma muli o ka hoʻohemo ʻana.
Akā ʻo ka mea i kali ʻia loa, ʻo ia ka ʻike e pili ana i ka pūnāwai. Wahi a ka ʻōlelo wānana mua no ka Hydrometeorological Center, ʻo Maraki ma ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina o ka ʻūhā nui loa (ka wela i ke Central, Volga, North-West, ma ka ʻaoʻao nui o Siberian a me Ural federal district e manaʻo ʻia e puni ana a i ʻole ma mua o ka maʻamau).
KAHAKANA AIA NO KA HUI
Ke hōʻuluʻulu nei i ka hālāwai, ua kuhikuhi aku ʻo Kuhina Kuhina mua ʻo Dzhambulat Khatuov i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi e hoʻoikaika ai ka ʻoihana no ka makahiki e hiki mai ana. No laila, ke manaʻo nei ke Kuhina o ka Kūʻai o ka Lūkini Russian no ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka māla i Lūkini ma ka 1,2 miliona hectar a me ka nui o ka nui he 80,5 miliona mau mea.
ʻO ka ulia ʻoihana ʻenekini Rūkini i mua o ka hana o ka hana ʻana ma kahi o ka 108 miliona tons o ka hua ʻai, ma luna o 18 miliona mau aila ʻanuʻu, 41 miliona mau mea momona gula, ma kahi o 7 miliona mau mea kanu, ma mua o 6 miliona mau mea kanu i ka pāʻina lehulehu.
ʻIke ʻia nā pahuhopu nui, ʻo ka manawa e hana ai i ka hana.