Wahi a ke Kuhina Kūʻai ʻĀina a me nā lawaiʻa, mai Iulai 20, ua hōʻiliʻili nā mea mahiʻai kūloko ma kahi o 80 tausani mau ʻuala mua (e like me kēia lā i 2021 - 56 tausani tons) me ka awelika o ka hua o 350 c/ha. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā i ka hōʻiliʻili i kēia mau lā he 3,5-5 tausani tons.
ʻAʻole i emi iki ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā huahana mea kanu. I kēia lā, ua loaʻa iā 19,3 tausani tons, ʻo ia ka 8% ʻoi aku ma mua o 2021 (17,9 tausani tons). Ma kēia māhele, ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o kēlā me kēia lā he 1-1,5 tausani tons.
I kēia manawa, ʻo kā kāpeti (12,4 tausani tons - + 21% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2021) a me nā kukama (3 tausani tons - + 19%). Aia kekahi mau hōʻailona maikaʻi loa no ka zucchini, ka pepa, ka letus a me ka eggplant - ma ka huina ua ʻohi ʻia lākou he 3,6 tausani tons, ʻo ia ka 1,5 mau manawa ma mua o ke kauwela i hala (2,4 tausani tons).
ʻO ka'ōmato ma waho o ke kiʻi - ua hōʻiliʻiliʻia he 300 tons wale nō,ʻo ia ka 26% o ka helu o ka makahiki i hala. Akā ma ʻaneʻi, e like me ka hōʻoia ʻana e ka Ministry of Agriculture, ʻaʻohe pono e hopohopo: ma ka ʻāina ʻo Astrakhan, ʻo ke koʻikoʻi o ka ʻōmato ma nā ʻano hope loa, i ʻohi ʻia i ʻAukake-Sepatemaba.
hua Europa
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia i nā makahiki i hala iho nei ua loaʻa i nā mea kanu ʻuala ʻo Astrakhan nā hopena koʻikoʻi i ka mahi ʻana i nā mea kanu aʻa. ʻOi aku ma ke ʻano o ka huahana.
Wahi a nā helu helu, ua ulu ʻia ka 85% o nā ʻuala Lūkia ma nā pā pilikino pilikino a me nā mahiʻai. A inā i loko o nā ʻoihana mahiʻai nui ʻo ka awelika o ka hua he 240-300 keneta no ka ʻeka, a laila no ka poʻe mahiʻai, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, a hiki i ka 170 keneta no ka ʻeka, ma nā pā hale - a hiki i ka 150 keneta no ka ʻeka. No laila, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha, e like me kēia hōʻailona, ʻo nā alakaʻi nā wahi i lanakila ai nā ʻoihana mahiʻai - Tatarstan, Bashkiria, Voronezh, Samara, Penza ʻāina, kahi i loaʻa ai ka hua i ka 280-300 c / ha.
E kū'ē i kēia kāʻei kua, ʻo ka ʻāina ʻo Astrakhan me kahi kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 350 keneta no ka ʻeka he ʻEulopa maoli. A ʻaʻole kēia he hyperbole. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hiki i nā Astrakhans ke hoʻokūkū me nā alakaʻi ʻuala o ka Old World e pili ana i ka huahana (ma Netherlands, he 447 keneta / ha, Farani - 432 keneta / ha, Belgium - 423 keneta / ha, Kelemānia 423 keneta. / ha), akā ua ʻoi aku mākou ma mua o nā ʻāina e like me ke kauwela wela a maloʻo - Sepania (281 c/ha), Pokukala (270 c/ha), Italia (255 c/ha).
Hāʻawi nui no ka ʻuala
A ʻoiai ʻaʻole nui nā wahi ma lalo o ka ʻuala ma ka ʻāina ʻo Astrakhan, akā ma muli o ka hua kiʻekiʻe i ʻōlelo ʻia a me ka ʻai haʻahaʻa o ka ʻuala i loko o ka ʻāina (ma loko o 50-55 tausani tons), loaʻa iā ia kahi lako nui o ka huahana. ʻAe kēia i ka ʻāina ʻo Astrakhan i waena o nā ʻāpana hāʻawi no ka ʻuala i nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala, a ma nā makahiki 20 o kēia kenekulia - i ka 5 kiʻekiʻe.
A i kēia manawa ma kahi o 85% o nā ʻuala i hoʻouna ʻia ma waho o ka ʻāina. ʻO nā wahi kūʻai nui o ka hua aʻa Astrakhan ʻo Moscow, Leningrad a me Sverdlovsk. ʻOi aku ma mua o 3 tons o ka ʻuala i lawe ʻia aku i Belarus a me Kazakhstan.
ʻO nā ʻano ʻuala nui no ka lawe ʻana aku ʻo Riviera, Colomba, Red Scarlett, Arizona, Newton, Collete, Rosara, Memphis, La Strada.
Kumukuai hoihoi
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he koi nui nā huahana mea kanu ʻē aʻe o ka ʻāina ʻo Astrakhan. Lawe ʻia ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu Astrakhan i nā ʻāina ʻekolu i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, a me Belarus (ma kahi o 2,8 tausani tons).
Ma ke ala, ʻo ka ʻāina ʻo Astrakhan kahi ʻāina hāʻawi no nā mea kanu. ʻO ke kūlana, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi e like me ka ʻuala, akā aia ka ʻāina i ka 20 kiʻekiʻe. A eia hou, mahalo i ka hua kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o nā mea kanu, kahi moʻolelo i ka Southern Federal District (ka ʻikepili no 2021): nā kukama ākea - 374 keneta / ha, nā tōmato ākea - 642 keneta / ha, kāpeti - 438 keneta / ha, meloni a me ka ipu - 377 q/ha.
ʻAʻole hoihoi nā mea kūʻai aku i ka maikaʻi o nā huahana, akā i nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa. No laila, hāʻawi ʻia ke kāpeti no 7-10 rubles / kg, aia ma ke kiʻekiʻe o ka makahiki i hala, a me nā kukama - no 18-20 rubles / kg, ʻo ia ka hapalua o ke kumukūʻai o 2021.
Ke hoʻomau nei ka ʻāina ʻo Astrakhan i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā steppe expanses me ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻāpana mea kanu. No laila, mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kau, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka wahi i lūlū ʻia no ka ʻuala a me nā mea kanu e 2,4 tausani heka i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2021.