ʻO nā ʻano ʻuala hou i hānai ʻia mai ka Texas A&M breeding program e hiki koke ke komo i ka mākeke fry French, wahi a Isabelle Weils, ka mea hānai ʻuala ma Texas A&M AgriLife, hōʻike. ʻO ka puka komo ʻo Phys.org.
I kekahi lā kula i hala iho nei ma nā pāpū hema kokoke i Springlake, ua kamaʻilio ʻo Vales e pili ana i nā clones hou. potatoes.
"Ua hauʻoli nui mākou i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi clone hoʻokolohua o ka ʻuala ʻulaʻula māmā me ka ʻiʻo poni i loaʻa kahi waiwai kūikawā: ʻoi aku ka nui o ka starch ma loko o nā kūlana wela o Texas," wahi a Weils.
Ua hana ʻia ke keʻa mua ma Colorado, a ua koho ʻia ma Texas.
"ʻO ka clone hoʻokolohua COTX08063-2Ru he kiʻekiʻe kikoʻī kikoʻī ma lalo o nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe. haawe wela ma Texas a he mea maikaʻi loa ia ʻuala palani. ʻO kēia ka makahiki ʻelua i hoʻāʻo ʻia ai kēia clone i nā hoʻokolohua aupuni.
ʻO ka nui o ka starch i loko o nā ʻuala ʻuala ke kumu nui e hoʻoholo ai i kona hoʻohana ʻana. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka ʻuala kiʻekiʻe no ka hana ʻana i nā meaʻai i hana ʻia e like me ka french fries, chips, a me ka ʻuala maloʻo.
Ua koʻikoʻi ʻo Weils ʻo ka papahana hoʻoulu ʻuala ʻo Texas A&M he ʻāpana o ka Southwest Regional Potato Variety Development Project, kahi papahana i kākoʻo ʻia e ka USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture.
"Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Southwest Program ma 1997 a ke hoʻolauleʻa nei mākou i 25 mau makahiki o ka hui kūleʻa ʻana," wahi āna.
Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Texas A&M University, Colorado State University a me UC Davis i ka Southwest Regional Potato Varieties Project e hoʻokō i nā pono kūʻokoʻa o ka ʻoihana ʻuala o ka ʻāina, wahi a Wales.
"Ma US, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā papahana hoʻoulu ʻuala e alakaʻi ʻia e ke aupuni," wahi a Weils. — ʻAʻole like ka pae o ka launa pū ʻana i ka hoʻohua ʻuala; ulu ʻia nā ʻuala ma lalo o ka Southwest Program e ulu ana ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Kanada. Ma ke komohana hema, loiloi pū mākou i nā ʻuala i ulu ma lalo o nā papahana ʻē aʻe. "
Ua ʻōlelo hou ʻo ia, ʻoiai ʻo ke kālā federal ke kumu nui o ka papahana, loaʻa nā kālā ʻē aʻe mai nā keʻena mahiʻai mokuʻāina, nā hui waiwai ʻāina e like me ka US Potato, foundations, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Polokalamu Palekana ʻano mea kanu PVP.
"Ua loaʻa iā mākou he 180 clones ʻokoʻa i kēia makahiki ma Field Day," wahi āna.
ʻO nā wela kiʻekiʻe i ka wā e ulu ana he koʻikoʻi abiotic koʻikoʻi ma kekahi mau wahi hana ma ka ʻāpana Hema komohana, wahi a Weils. Hiki i ke ko'iko'i wela ke ho'opilikia i ke kino a ho'opilikia i ka hua a me ka maika'i o nā kōpu. ʻO nā ʻuala i ʻohi ʻia mai ka mahina ʻai i loiloi ʻia no ka maʻalahi i ka necrosis tuber wela o loko, nā māwae ulu, ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ke kō hoʻemi, ke kumu ʻeleʻele, ke kumu puha, a me nā ʻōpuʻu wela.
"ʻO nā ʻano ʻuala a mākou e hoʻomohala ai e hele mai i nā ʻano nui o nā ʻuala, nā ʻano, nā ʻili a me nā ʻiʻo, a me nā kala e kūpono i nā pono o ka mākeke," wahi a Weils. "No ka laʻana, ke ʻimi nei mākou i nā clones me ka nui o nā ʻuala liʻiliʻi. Hoʻoulu pū mākou i ka ʻuala bicolor. Ua loaʻa koke mākou i nā ʻuala ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula me nā maka ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻiʻo melemele."
Wahi a ka mea hoʻohua, ʻo Texas A&M Norkotah Russet ka mea i kaulana loa, me 35 mau laikini ma 12 mau mokuʻāina. He ʻuala ʻulaʻula kēia no ka mākeke hou. ʻElua mau ʻano ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula ʻē aʻe e ulu nei i ka kaulana ʻo ka Reveille ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula, i pālua ʻia i ka wahi mai 2020 a 2021, a me ka Vanguard ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka hoʻomanawanui wela a me ka lōʻihi o ka dormancy o nā ʻano ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula Reveille a me Vanguard he mau hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi no nā mea ulu ma US a me Kanada.
Mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka Southwest Potato Variety Development Project, 66 mau ʻano hou i hoʻokuʻu ʻia a hoʻokuʻu pū ʻia me nā hui ʻē aʻe. Aia ka 44 o lākou ma Colorado a me Texas.
"Ke noho nei kēia mau ʻano ʻuala i kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi a ulu nui o ka ʻāina kanu ʻuala o ka ʻāina a ua hana nui i ka hoʻokele waiwai a me ka ʻāina," wahi a Weils.