Ua papa inoa ka hui ʻo ʻAukake i nā mea ʻino weliweli loa e hoʻoweliweli i ka ʻohi ma 2020. ʻO ka nānā i kēia kau ma nā ʻūhini, aphids, moth a me nā mite palaoa. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā mea ʻino e nā hoʻoilo anu e hoʻomehana ana. I ka manawa like, i kēia makahiki, ua mālama ʻia nā mahiʻai i nā ʻenuhe he nui i hōʻino ʻia i nā mea mahiʻai i ka makahiki 2019: nā ʻeke, ma muli o ka neʻe nui ʻana mai kahi kula a kahi kula, nā kaʻa ma nā alanui i heʻe ʻia, nā scoops pulupulu e noho ana i loko o nā pahu palaoa, a ʻo ka mea nui ka pulehu kāpeti, ka mea i hoʻonui ʻia ka heluna kanaka i hiki ke hoʻopau i ka mahi ʻana o ka rapese ma ka ʻāina o ko mākou ʻāina. Ua kaupalena ʻia ka hana hou ʻana o Lepidoptera e nā hau ʻApelila ma ka hema o Rūsia.
E kūʻē i ke kua o ka hoʻouka kaua mua ʻole o nā ʻūhini ma ʻApelika, ʻAsia a me ka Hikina Waena ma Lūkia, ua hui pū nā wahi o ka Hema a me ka North Caucasus i ke kaua kūʻē i kahi pest weliweli: ʻo Stavropol, Kalmykia, Dagestan, Chechnya, Astrakhan, Volgograd a me Rostov. ʻO kēia mau panalāʻau o Rūsia kekahi ʻano palena o ka ʻākau, kahi e lele ai ka ʻūhini "haole" a hoʻomaka e hānau ma laila.
"ʻO nā maʻi nui o nā ʻūhini i ka makahiki 2020 i kaulana ma Stavropol, Kalmykia, Dagestan, Volgograd a me Astrakhan," wahi a Dmitry Belov, ke poʻo o ka hoʻomohala huahana ma Avgust. "Eia nō naʻe, he ʻano ʻokoʻa ka outbreak a me nā hopena, a ma ka laulā i kēia makahiki ua mālama mākou i ka ʻūhini. Kākau ʻia kahi ahulau ma muli o ka nānā ʻana: ma ke ʻano nui, he hiʻohiʻona ia i kūkulu ʻia ma ke kumu o ka ʻike maoli, kākoʻo ʻia e ka ʻike e pili ana i nā kūlana anilā a me ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻikepili no nā wahi kahi i neʻe ai ka ʻūhini. Inā ma ʻAsia, ma ka Hikina Waena, ma ʻApelika, hoʻomaka ka piʻi ʻana o nā ʻūhini, e like me kēia makahiki, a laila maopopo leʻa pono mākou e hoʻomākaukau. "
Lawe ʻia ka nānā ʻana e nā ʻeli ʻana i ka lepo ma kahi o ka ʻūhini. Ma ke ʻano he rula, pili kēia i nā kaola, nā lua, nā awāwa, nā mānoanoa o nā ʻohe i kahi mehana. Ke ʻimi nei nā loea i nā "nuggets" ʻūhini, hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i nā larvae, a i ka hihia ʻoi loa, hoʻopaʻa lākou i ka lele - ke piʻi ka nui o nā ʻūhini i ka ʻēheu. Mālama pinepine ʻia ka lūlū e ka mālama ʻana i nā wahi i loaʻa i nā maʻi me nā insecticides ma mua o ke kauwela. No laila, hiki i ka outbreak ke nui, a me ka poino o ka mahiʻai mai ia - minimal. I ka hui "ʻAukake", ke ʻano, ua hoʻomaopopo lākou i kēia makahiki nā hōʻailona e pili ana i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā mea kanu e nā ʻūhini ma nā wahi Stavropol a me Volgograd i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia.
No kekahi mau makahiki i ka lālani, nā aphids, nā mea e hōʻino i nā mea kanu o ka pua pua pua, ke kulina, ka pi a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe, ke hoʻopilikia nei i nā mea hana mahiʻai Lūkia. E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia e nā loea ʻAukake, hiki i nā aphids ke hōʻino nui, no ka mea ke hōʻike nei lākou i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pyrethroid a me nā neectotide neonicotinoid ʻōnaehana - ʻo ia hoʻi ma nā wahi hema, kahi e neʻe ʻole ai nā neonicotinoids i loko o nā mea kanu maloʻo a ʻaʻole i hiki i kā lākou pahuhopu. No laila, paipai nā poʻe loea i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā insecticides organophosphate maʻemaʻe a i ʻole nā hui wai kūʻē i ka pest. I ka makahiki 2020, ua hoʻopili nā aphids i nā mea kanu i nā moku ʻo Voronezh a me Kursk, ma ka Teritori Stavropol a me ka Teritori ʻo Altai.
ʻO nā ʻenuhe ʻeleʻele o ka muʻu nāhelehele - kahi pest e hopohopo ai i nā mahiʻai a me nā poʻe noho kau i kēia kau - makemake i nā mea kanu i ka wā ʻōpio, me nā lau lahilahi. I kēia kauwela, ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia mau ʻenuhe ma mua o ka maʻamau. Ua ʻike nui ʻia kēia ma ka moku ʻo Novosibirsk, ma ka moku ʻo Altai, ma ka ʻāpana o kahi ʻāpana o ka moku ʻo Krasnoyarsk a me ka moku ʻo Omsk.
"I ka Central Black Earth Region, no ka laʻana, ua maʻa lākou i ka moʻo, kahi e pilikia nui ʻole ai ka poʻe mahiʻai. ʻOiai mākou, i ke kikoʻī, ua ʻike pehea, i ka loaʻa ʻole o ka mālama ʻana me nā hoʻomākaukau insecticidal o ka pua sunflower, perforated, waiho mau ʻia nā lau perforated i ka mea kanu. ʻO ka hakakā ʻana i ka muʻu nāhelehele, inā ʻike ʻia ia i ka manawa, he maʻalahi ia: hiki ke luku maikaʻi ʻia me ke kōkua o nā ʻano lāʻau, e like me nā pyrethroids, "wahi a Dmitry Belov.
Ma muli o ka hoʻoilo mehana i Lūkia, ke piʻi nei ka lehulehu o nā mite palaoa. ʻO ka palaʻi hoʻoilo (wāwae ʻulaʻula) e hoʻopilikia loa i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka palaoa hoʻoilo. I ka 2018-2019. ua pālahalaha nui ʻia ia ma ka Teritori Stavropol, Teritori ʻo Krasnodar, Rostov Region, a i kēia makahiki ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ia ma ka hema o ka Voronezh Region. ʻO ka mite palaoa he mite microscopic kekahi e hoʻopōʻino hoʻi i ka palaoa hoʻoilo, akā ma muli o ka nui, kuhi hewa ʻia nā kiko melemele i nā lau e nā mea hana mahiʻai no kahi maʻi o ka fungal etiology a i ʻole nā hopena o ke anilā. I ka makahiki i hala a me ka makahiki ma mua o ka hopena, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā maʻi ahulau ma ka Lepupalika ʻo Bashkortostan, ma Altai, ma ka moku ʻo Novosibirsk, ka moku ʻo Kurgan, i kahi liʻiliʻi ma nā wahi ʻo Sverdlovsk a me Chelyabinsk. I ka 2020, ua ʻike hou ʻia i ka panalāʻau o Bashkortostan. I kēia makahiki, ma ka moku ʻo Voronezh, pili ikaika ka tick i ka palaoa, nā soybeans, nā beets.
I ka manawa like, haʻi ka hui "ʻAukake" i nā hau hau koʻikoʻi ma nā wahi hema i ka hopena o ʻApelila ʻaʻole wale i hōʻino i nā mea kanu, kahi i hōʻemi ai ka ohi ʻana i kēia makahiki, akā ua kaupalena ʻia ka hana o nā mea nui pests. ʻO ka mea mua - ka moth cabbage, ka mea i hōʻino nui i nā mea kanu o ka pue ʻana i ka puna i nā makahiki ʻelima i hala. I ka makahiki 2020, ʻaʻohe puka o kāna helu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.
"I ka manawa mai 2015 a 2019. i ko mākou'āina, ua hoʻonui ka wahi o ka pue wahine i ka 1 miliona mau hectares i 1,5 miliona, wahi a Dmitry Belov. - Hoʻomaka ka nui o nā mahiʻai e hoʻolauna i ka rapese i loko o ke ʻano o ka hoʻohuli ʻana o nā mea kanu, no ka mea ua lawe ikaika ʻia ia ma ke ʻano o ka palaoa a ma ke ʻano aila i nā mākeke ʻEulopa a me Kina ma nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe. I kekahi manawa, hiki iā lākou ke kaomi i kekahi mau mea hana ʻEulopa. Eia nō naʻe, ua komo kēia kūlana e ka moth cabbage, kahi pest i noho mau ʻia ma Rūsia, akā ʻo ka mea i hoʻonui ʻia ka helu i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā hoʻoilo mehana a me ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana i nā wahi i ʻino ʻia.
ʻO ka mea kūikawā o ka moth cabbage ka mea i ke kauwela, hiki i kekahi mau hanauna o ka insect ke loli i ka māla like, ʻokoʻa, no ka laʻana, nā ʻūhini. I ka manawa like, hiki ke loaʻa nā hua manu, nā ʻenuhe, nā pupa, a me nā mākua i ka ʻāina like. No laila, he nui nā mahiʻai i hana i nā lāʻau insecticidal a hiki i nā manawa he 6 i kēlā me kēia kau, a ʻo ka noi no kekahi mau kūlana ma nā insecticides no ka rapese ma ka mākeke ua hoʻonui ʻia e 400-500%. Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe loea o ka hui ʻo "ʻAukake" i kahi ʻāpana o nā mea mahiʻai i ka hopena o 2018-2019. ua hoʻoholo e haʻalele i ka mahi ʻana o ka rapeseed, ʻoiai ʻo ka poʻe i hana ʻole i ka mālama ʻia ʻana e lilo loa ka hua, a ʻo ka poʻe i pale aku iā ia, ma muli o ke kumukūʻai o nā insecticides, ua piholo maoli lākou i ka loaʻa kālā.
I kēia makahiki, ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ahulau o kahi pest e like me ka butterfly burdock, ʻoiai i ka makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻo kāna ʻenuhe, he mau mea kakaikahi wale nō a e hānai nui nei i nā nāhelehele, nā mea kanu i hōʻino ʻia ma ka Teritori Stavropol, ma ke Kuban, ma nā moku ʻo Rostov a me Voronezh. Ma nā alanui, kahi e neʻe ai ka lehulehu o kēia mau ʻenuhe mai kēlā kula a i kēia mahina i ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi kahua ʻai, hiki wawe ke kaʻa. Eia hou, ʻaʻole ʻeha ka moku Stavropol i kēia makahiki i ka scoop pulupulu - ʻo kāna ʻenuhe nui ka nui o ka manamana lima i ka makahiki i hala i hōʻeha i nā soybeans, ka palaoa, ke komo ʻana i loko o ka cob, a me nā pā waina. ʻO ke kūlana me ka puʻupuʻu marble i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma 2020, ka mea i nā makahiki i hala aku nei i hōʻino nui i nā māla hema a me nā kanu kanu kūlanakauhale - no ka laʻana, ma Sochi.
"Ua loli ke kūlana me nā mea ʻino he nui: nā kūlana anilā a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe i loiloi ʻole ʻia e nā ʻepekema - akā manaʻo wau ʻo ia ke anilā i ka wā mua - i alakaʻi ʻia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he nui nā mea ʻino i loaʻa ʻole i kēia makahiki. ʻAʻole wau e kāpae i ka hiki i kā lākou heluna kanaka ke hoʻemi ma muli o nā hana pale i lawe ʻia, - manaʻo ʻo Dmitry Belov. "Eia nō naʻe, ma ka laulā, e hoʻomau ka loli o ke aniau, a e nui hou aku nā pilikia o ka pest iā mākou. ʻO ka pahuhopu no nā ʻoihana e like me mākou e hoʻomohala i nā ʻenehana pale i nā hua a hāʻawi i nā pono hana hou. "
Nā mea i hāʻawi ʻia e ka lawelawe kaomi o ka ʻoihana "ʻAukake"