Hui «Pākani Soyuz» hōʻike i nā hopena o ka ʻoihana no 2021. Ke hoʻomau nei ka ʻoihana hana palaoa hohonu i kona ulu lohi akā paʻa. I ka makahiki 2021, ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka hana ʻana o ka maltodextrin a me ka lysine - i kēia mau ʻāpana huahana, ke hoʻololi nei ka hoʻokomo ʻana a me ka piʻi ʻana o nā mea kūʻai aku. Ua hoʻomohala nā keʻena aupuni i nā ʻano hana like ʻole no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana - ua paʻa nā hana kākoʻo a hoʻohana ʻia e nā hui.
Hōʻike ka Association of Deep Grain Processing Enterprises i kekahi mau hanana nui ma 2021 i ka ʻoihana. Ma hope o ka 2020 paʻakikī, ua hoʻāʻo nā ʻoihana ʻoihana e kūkulu i nā mana, hoʻonui i ka hoʻopuka a me ka hoʻopuka ʻana i nā huahana, a hoʻololi i kekahi mau ʻano o nā mea lawe mai. Ma ka laulā, ua hoʻopau ʻo 2021 me nā dynamics maikaʻi no ka ʻoihana.
Ma waena o nā hana i hana ʻia ma ka pae mokuʻāina e kōkua i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka ʻōnaehana o nā hana kānāwai normative, e pili ana i nā papahana mokuʻāina, nā hana normative o nā pae federal a me nā pae.
No laila, komo ikaika nā ʻoihana hoʻomohala hohonu i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka papahana federal "Export of Agro-Industrial Complex Products", i loko o ka manaʻo nui i ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻoihana hou o nā huahana agro-industrial complex, me nā huahana kiʻekiʻe. ma o ka ʻenehana hou ʻana o ka ʻoihana a me nā hana kākoʻo.
ʻO ka mea nui a pono o ke kākoʻo mokuʻāina no ka ʻoihana ʻo ia ka hiki ke loaʻa nā hōʻaiʻē makemake. Hoʻonui ka hāʻawi kālā ʻana i ka pono kālā o nā papahana hoʻopukapuka a hōʻemi nui i nā pilikia o ka poʻe ʻoihana i ka paʻakikī loa - ʻo ka pae mua, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana hoʻopukapuka ma ka ʻāina a, no laila, lawe mai i nā loaʻa kālā i ka waihona kālā.
Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kēia ʻano hana ma ke kānāwai i ka Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 26, 2019 No. 512, a me ka Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 29, 2016 No. 1528. ʻO ka uku pānaʻi makemake he 1-5% e pili ana i ka panakō, aʻo ka manawa hōʻaiʻē no nā hōʻaiʻē wā pōkole a hiki i 1 makahiki, a mai 2 a 15 mau makahiki no nā mea hoʻopukapuka. ʻO nā kumu o ka hōʻaiʻē ʻana, ʻo ia ka uku ʻana i ka uku, ke kūʻai ʻana i ka palaoa no ka hana hou ʻana, ke kūʻai ʻana i nā mea hana, ke kūkulu ʻana, ke kūkulu hou ʻana a me ka ʻenehana hou ʻana, a me ka hana hou ʻana o nā ʻoihana.
ʻO kahi ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi i nā mīkini ke ʻano koi no ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hōʻaiʻē palupalu. I loko o ke ʻano o ka Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 512, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka pono e hoʻopau i kahi kuʻikahi e pili ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻokūkū, kahi i kuleana ai ka mea hana e hoʻokō i nā waiwai o nā hōʻailona hoʻomohala hana. I loko o ke ʻano o ka Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1528 - ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka criterion no ka hana ʻana i nā huahana i hana ʻia mai nā mea maka i hana ʻia ma ka ʻāina o ka Russian Federation, ʻo ka nui o ia mea he 70%, me ka ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o nā mea maka i hana ʻia e nā haole, ʻaʻole i hana ʻia nā analogues ma ka Russian Federation.
ʻO kahi mīkini kaʻawale ka hiki ke hoʻihoʻi hou i kahi hapa o nā kumukūʻai pololei i loaʻa (20% o ke kumukūʻai maoli o ka hale hana) no ka hana ʻana a (a i ʻole) ka hana hou ʻana o nā hale no ka hana ʻana i nā huahana mahiʻai, i loko o ke ʻano o ka Decree of the Ke Aupuni o ka Russian Federation o Pepeluali 12.02.2020, 137 No. XNUMX.
ʻO ka mīkini kākoʻo aupuni i hāʻawi ʻia i loko o ke ʻano o ka Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma Kepakemapa 15, 2017 No. E like me ka uku i hāʻawi ʻia no 1104% o nā kumukūʻai o nā kumukūʻai logistic no nā mea hana a me nā mea hoʻolako o nā huahana mahiʻai, ʻoiai ka lawe ʻana a me ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā huahana e lawe ʻia mai nā wahi o ka haʻalele ʻana ma ka ʻāina o ka Russian Federation a i nā wahi hope loa e nā ʻano āpau. o ka halihali ana.
Ua hoʻokumuʻia nā mea hou o ka Federal Law No. 4973-1 "On Grain", e like me ka mea i kūkuluʻia ai ka Federal State Information System "Grain". Hoʻolālā ʻia ʻo FSIS "Grain" e hoʻokaʻawale i nā kaʻina o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ka hoʻoili ʻana, ka mālama ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻike ma ke kahua o ka neʻe ʻana o ka palaoa a me nā huahana hoʻoili palaoa, i mea e hōʻoia ai i ka traceability.
Mahalo i nā hana kākoʻo o ka moku'āina i hāʻawi ʻia, i nā makahiki i hala iho nei ua hōʻike ka ʻoihana i ka piʻi nui o ka nui o nā huahana i loaʻa (Table 1), e pili ana i kahi hoʻemi ʻōnaehana o ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka lawe ʻana mai o kahi helu kiʻekiʻe. nā huahana (Papa 2), ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka laulā o nā huahana i hana ʻia, a me ka hiki ke komo i nā mākeke honua hou (Table 3).
Hōʻike ka dynamics o ka ʻoihana i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka ulu lohi akā paʻa. Wahi a Rosstat a me nā manaʻo o ka Hui, ma 2021, ʻike ʻia ka piʻi nui loa (kokoke i 2 mau manawa) i ka hana ʻana o ka maltodextrin, e pili ana me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka analogue i lawe ʻia mai a me ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā mea kūʻai aku i ka huahana home - i kēia makahiki. ʻo ka hoʻopuka ʻana o kēia huahana starch he 39932 tons.
Ua hoʻonuiʻia ka lysine e 30% i ka makahiki, i hanaʻia ma Rusia e nāʻoihanaʻelua - CJSC Premix Plant No. 1 a me JSC AminoSib. I ka makahiki 2021, ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka L-lysine sulfate i loko o ka hale he 117000 tons.
Ke noʻonoʻo nei i ka hana ma ka piha piha o nā ʻoihana ʻekolu - Cargill LLC, Aston Starch Products LLC a me Biotech-Rosva JSC - ka hana ʻana o ka glucose-fructose syrups i hoʻonui ʻia e kokoke i kahi hapakolu - 258975 tons i kēia makahiki. Hōʻike nā huahana starch ʻē aʻe i ka ulu ʻana mai ka 1,2% a i ka 9,5% (Table 1).
Papa 1 - Ka hana ʻana i nā huahana starch a me ka starch, tons
2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | Dynamics 2021 a 2020, % | |
Starches, ʻokoʻa i hoʻololi ʻia | 280 889 | 294 654 | 324 914 | 346 283 | 6,6 |
ʻO Dextrins | 9 064 | 8 165 | 9 526 | 10 429 | 9,5 |
Nā mākū i hoʻololi ʻia | 45 928 | 58 804 | 61 103 | 62 941 | 3,0 |
Glucose-fructose syrups | 174 722 | 152 504 | 200 625 | 258 975 | 29,1 |
Maltodextrin | 0 | 19 131 | 20 073 | 39 932 | 98,9 |
Māka molasses | 464 216 | 466 648 | 467 235 | 476 532 | 1,2 |
Lysine | 68 000 | 80 000 | 90 000 | 117 000 | 30,0 |
Wahi a ka Federal Customs Service, ʻo ka lawe ʻana mai o nā huahana starch i kēia makahiki no ka ulu nui loa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2020 i ke ʻano o nā starches maoli (nā lawe mai i 40225 tons, ʻo ia ka 63,7% keu aku), dextrins (import - 1489 tons, ʻo ia hoʻi. 67,5% hou aku ) a me ka syrup starch (hoʻokomo - 6 tons, ʻo ia ka 066% oi).
ʻO ka lawe ʻana mai o ka palaoa a me ka ʻuala starches aneane pālua ʻia, ʻoi aku ka nui o 10500 tons o ka starch palaoa i 2021 i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 4800 tausani tons i 2020. ʻO ka lawe ʻana mai o ka starch potato ma 2021 he 22500 tons, a ma 2020 - 12900 tons. Hiki ke wehewehe ʻia kēia e ka piʻi nui ʻana o nā mea kūʻai aku e mālama nei i nā meaʻai no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka hana ʻuala ma muli o ka ʻohi ʻuala maikaʻi ʻole, a ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka starch palaoa e BioOperations LLP ma ka ʻĀkau o Kazakhstan. ʻO ka lawe ʻia mai i ka makahiki 2021 o ka starch kulina he 4349 tons, starch cassava 1476 tons (Table 2).
Ma nā ʻāpana o ka maltodextrin a me ka lysine, aia kahi hoʻololi hoʻokomo lohi ma muli o ka hana a nā ʻoihana Lūkini. ʻO Maltodextrin i lawe ʻia mai i Rūsia ma 2021 he 5740 tons, ʻo ia ka 42,8% ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 2020. Lysine - 43130 tons, ʻo ia ka 19,2% emi ma mua o ka makahiki i hala.
Papa 2 - Ka lawe ʻia ʻana mai o nā huahana starch a me ka starch, nā tona
2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | Dynamics 2021 a 2020, % | |
Starches, ʻokoʻa i hoʻololi ʻia | 28 650 | 22 363 | 24 574 | 40 225 | 63,7 |
Nā mākū i hoʻololi ʻia | 98 062 | 95 958 | 94 656 | 103 541 | 9,4 |
Glucose-fructose syrups | 3 334 | 1 761 | 2 445 | 2 254 | -7,8 |
ʻO Dextrins | 917 | 1 079 | 889 | 1 489 | 67,5 |
Maltodextrin | 24 351 | 14 625 | 10 038 | 5 740 | -42,8 |
Māka molasses | 9 386 | 6 942 | 4211 | 6 066 | 44,1 |
Lysine | 85 144 | 60 834 | 53 352 | 43 130 | -19,2 |
Ua hoʻonui ʻia nā mea kūʻai aku o nā huahana kiʻekiʻe i ka makahiki 2021 i ka makahiki i hala no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka maltodextrin, nā starches maoli a i hoʻololi ʻia, a hoʻemi ʻia no ka lawe ʻana aku i nā syrups, dextrins a me lysine. ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka starch palaoa i 2021 he 2932 tons, kāna starch 43335 tons, starch potato 2416 tons.
ʻO ka ulu nui loa o 996% i ʻike ʻia ma ka lawe ʻana aku i ka maltodextrin - 13536 tausani ma 2021. No nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe, aia ka emi nui o kēia makahiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2020. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā syrups Glucose-fructose he 84,3% ka liʻiliʻi - 428 tons. He 64% ka liʻiliʻi o Dextrins - 166 tons. ʻO ka syrup starch he 29,4% ka liʻiliʻi - 23822 tons (Table 3).
Papa 3 - Ka lawe ʻana aku i nā huahana starch a me ka starch, nā tona
2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | Dynamics 2021 a 2020, % | |
Starches, ʻokoʻa i hoʻololi ʻia | 33 428 | 29 279 | 26 257 | 48 814 | 85,9 |
Nā mākū i hoʻololi ʻia | 5 852 | 7 151 | 7 484 | 8 142 | 8,8 |
Glucose-fructose syrups | 886 | 852 | 2 728 | 428 | -84,3 |
ʻO Dextrins | 217 | 461 | 461 | 166 | -64,0 |
Maltodextrin | 266 | 981 | 1235 | 13 536 | 996,0 |
Māka molasses | 27 949 | 19 834 | 33 764 | 23 822 | -29,4 |
Lysine | 736 | 616 | -16,3 |
"I ka makahiki 2021, ua ʻike kā mākou ʻoihana i ka ulu ʻana ma waena o nā huahana he nui ma hope o kahi paʻakikī 2020. ʻO nā hana kākoʻo o kēia manawa ua hāʻawi i kahi hopena kūpono i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana, akā hiki ke hoʻonui nui ʻia ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana inā loaʻa kahi papahana kaʻawale no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana, a me kahi ʻano hana no ke kālepa palaoa centralized. , ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi ʻaelike e hiki mai ana no ka palaoa a me ka palaoa, "wahi a Oleg, Pelekikena o ka Soyuzkrakhmal Association Radin.
E pili ana i ka ʻahahui "Soyuzkrakhmal": ʻO ka Association of Deep Grain Processing Enterprises he hui ʻoihana waiwai ʻole e hāpai i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka mākeke kūloko no ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka palaoa hohonu. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Hui Soyuzkrakhmal ma 1998 a hoʻohui i kēia manawa i nā ʻoihana nui loa i ka ʻoihana, e hāʻawi ana ma kahi o 80% o ka starch maoli, ʻoi aku ma mua o 75% o ka hana home o ka starch maoli, maltodextrin a me ka glucose-fructose syrups, 90% o nā starch i hoʻololi ʻia. 100% o ka glucose syrups a me ka L-lysine sulfate. Ma Mei 20, 2022, ka VI International Conference "ProStarch 2022: nā ʻano mākeke no ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka palaoa hohonu".