Ludmila Dulskaya
Ke hoʻokokoke nei ka pae ʻana, ma nā mahiʻai - mākaukau hakakā piha. Me ka manaʻo hea e hālāwai ai nā mea kanu ʻuala i ke kau? Ua kūʻai anei ʻoe i nā lako pale a me nā mea kanu pono? Pehea nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa? Olelo i na mea mahiai.
ʻO Sergey Biketov, ka mea agronomist poʻokela o CJSC "OKTYABRSKOE", wahi o Leningrad
400 ha ma lalo o nā ʻuala
- ʻO CJSC Oktyabrskoye kekahi o nā mahiʻai kahiko loa ma ka Leningrad Region, ua hana ʻo ia i ka hana hua ʻuala ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli. Hoʻopuka kā mākou hale hana i nā mea kanu ma kahi o 40 mau ʻano ʻuala o ka koho kūloko a me nā ʻāina ʻē. Hoʻoulu pū mākou i ka cereals a me ka rapeseed.
I kēia makahiki ke kanu nei mākou i nā ʻano ʻuala i lawe ʻia mai (Impala, Red Scarlett, Riviera a me Sante) a me ka home (Luck a me Aurora). I ka makahiki i hala aku nei he 380 mau ʻeka ma lalo o ka ʻuala, i kēia makahiki ke hoʻonui nei mākou i ka ʻāina i 20 ʻeka.
Aia nā pilikia ʻenehana. Ua uku mākou no ka hoʻolako ʻana i kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe ponoʻī a me nā traktor i lawe ʻia mai, akā ua hoʻihoʻi ka mea hoʻolako i ke kālā, ʻaʻohe hoʻopuka i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻAe, e hoʻololi mākou i nā tractors i hana ʻia ma ka home - RSM Rostselmash. ʻAʻohe koho.
Ua mākaukau mākou i nā mea āpau no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kau e pili ana i nā mea kanu, nā huahana pale a me nā pesticides. Ua hoʻopau ʻia nā ʻaelike ma mua o ka makahiki hou. ʻAʻole ʻino loa nā kumukūʻai. No ka laʻana, ua helu hou ʻia mākou i ke kumukūʻai o ka urea i lalo ma hope o ka uku ʻana i ka mua. Ke kū nei ke kūʻai aku i nā mea kanu mineral hou, a no ka mea aia ka mea kanu no kā lākou hana ma kahi kokoke, ma Veliky Novgorod, ʻaʻohe pilikia.
Aia ka hapa nui o ka pesticide Diquat. Hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka ʻuala ma mua o ka ʻohi ʻana, ka luku ʻana i ka mauʻu, a ma ka rapeseed a me nā cereals, ma nā kūlana o ke komohana komohana - no ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i ka pod a me ka pepeiao. Ua hiki iā mākou ke kūʻai aku no ka ʻuala, akā ʻaʻole lawa ia no ka rapeseed. Ma ko mākou ʻāina, hiki ke hoʻomau ka ua nui no ka manawa lōʻihi, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hana me ka ʻole o ka maloʻo ʻana i ka palaoa a me ka rapeseed.
E kanu ʻia ka ʻuala i kēia makahiki e nā mea a pau. Makaʻu ka poʻe i ka pilikia, no laila ke hoʻomākaukau nei lākou i ka palau mauʻu ma kā lākou mau pā a kanu i ka ʻuala. Ua kūʻai aku ka poʻe mahiʻai i nā hua o ka hanauna mahina mua i ka lā a me ka hapa.
ʻO ka paʻakikī nui ka waiho ʻana o ka hau ma nā kula o ka Leningrad Region a hiki i ka waena o ʻApelila. Ua neʻe ka lūlū lūlū, ʻaʻole maopopo i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai.
Maxim Dmitriev, agronomist KH Geletey Ivan Ivanovich, wahi o Novgorod
140 ha ma lalo o nā ʻuala
- ʻO kēia kau ʻo KH Geletey I.I. ʻaʻole e hoʻonui i ka ʻāina kanu. Hoʻokaʻawale mākou i 140 ha no ka ʻuala, 20 ha no ke kāpena, 16 ha no nā beets a me 3 ha no nā kāloti.
Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka ʻuala, makemake nui mākou i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia ma ka mākeke (Gala, Rosara, Impala, Colomba), akā i kēlā me kēia makahiki lawe mākou i ʻelua a ʻekolu mau ʻano koho home no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e nānā pehea e hana ai lākou i kā mākou lepo a i loko o ko mākou kūlana lewa.
Ma ka mokuʻo Novgorod,ʻehā mau mahiʻai mahiʻai, me kā mākou, ke kūlana o nā māla huaʻai kūikawā i ka mahiʻana i nā huaʻuala kiʻekiʻe. No laila, ʻaʻohe pilikia me nā mea kanu: ulu mākou mai nā paipu hoʻāʻo no mākou iho i kēlā mau ʻano mea hoihoi iā mākou.
Ua kūʻai mai kā mākou mahiʻai i nā mea kanu pono āpau a me nā mea kanu i ka hāʻule i nā kumukūʻai maikaʻi loa. I kēia kau e hana mākou me nā hoʻomākaukau a mākou i hoʻolālā ai e hoʻokō i nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Ua kū wale nā pilikia me ke kūʻai ʻana i ka urea a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka pilikia nui i kēia manawa ʻo ka hana hou e pili ana i nā quota. Makemake mākou e kūʻai i nā mea kanu, akā ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka mea kanu nā quotas no ka ʻāina, a i ʻole ua pau lākou no ka lawa ʻole o ka nui.
ʻO ke kūlana me nā huahana pale mea kanu i kēia lā ʻoiai inā he kālā ka mahiʻai a me ka makemake e hana me kahi lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā i lawe ʻia mai, ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea hana ke hōʻoia i kāna lako, he nui nā kūlana i ka pōkole. Ke pilikia nui nei nā mahiʻai mahiʻai ʻē aʻe o ko mākou ʻāina ma kēia ʻano.
ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau a mākou e hana pū ai ua piʻi ke kumukūʻai ma ka awelika o 50%, ua pālua kekahi. Ua piʻi aʻe nā kumukūʻai momona. Inā mākou e kūʻai nei i nā mea pale a me nā mea kanu, e piʻi ana kā mākou kumukūʻai ma kahi o 60%.
He aha ka mea e hiki mai ana? Manaʻo wau e lilo ana nā hui ʻEulopa e kālepa ana i nā huahana pale mea kanu i ko lākou kūlana alakaʻi i kā mākou mākeke ma muli o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā pilikia me ka logistic a me nā lako. ʻOiai ʻaʻole i loaʻa kā lākou huahana, pono ka poʻe mahiʻai e hana me kekahi mea. ʻO ka mea nui, pono nā mea mahiʻai e hoʻololi i nā kālā analog kālā.
A he mau huaʻōlelo e pili ana i ka ʻenehana. I kā mākou hoʻokele waiwai, ua kuhikuhi ʻia nā hana nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ke kumu waiwai a me ka ʻenehana, a me ka hana hou o ka hana. Ma ka hoomakaukau ana no keia kau, ua kauoha aku makou i elua mau traktora i hanaia e na aina e, i uku ia lakou, aka, aole nae i maopopo ka manawa e loaa mai ai ia makou, a ina paha e loaa mai ana ia makou.
I kēia manawa ua mākaukau kā mākou mahiʻai no ka hana a hāʻawi ʻia i nā mea āpau e pono ai. ʻO ke kumu maikaʻi ʻole a mākou e makaʻu ai ʻo ke ʻano o ka wā. He maloʻo i ke kauwela i hala - pehea inā hiki hou? ʻAʻole mākou manaʻolana i nā wānana, e hana mākou i nā kūlana e ulu ai.
Mai ka mea hoʻoponopono: I ʻApelila 2022, KH Geletey I.I. hiki ke 30 makahiki. Hoʻomaikaʻi mākou i ke poʻo o ka mahiʻai ʻo Ivan Ivanovich Geletey a me nā limahana āpau o ka ʻoihana i kā lākou lā makahiki a makemake lākou i ka wā kūleʻa!
ʻO Alexander Torbunov, ke poʻo o KFH Torbunov, Chuvash Republic
50 ha ma lalo o nā ʻuala
– I kēia kau ke kanu nei mākou i ka ʻuala papaʻaina, nā ʻano ʻano Red Scarlett, Gala, Koroleva Anna, Colomba. ʻAʻole i hoʻemi ʻia ka wahi, waiho ʻia ma ka pae like.
Aia nā pilikia: kemika, nā mīkini, nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa - ua piʻi nā mea āpau i ke kumukūʻai ma kahi o 20-30%. ʻO kā mākou mau kumukūʻai i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no ke kau, ua hoʻonui ʻia e ka nui like.
Ma mua o ka pilikia nui ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā huahana. Ua pāpālua ke kumukūʻai o ka ʻeke. No ka laʻana, he 6 mau rubles i hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻāpana grid, ʻo ke kumukūʻai hou he 11 rubles. Maikaʻi ʻaʻohe pilikia me ka logistic - hana mākou ma ke kumu hoʻopuka ponoʻī, paʻa ke koi no ka ʻuala.
Yury Subbotin, KFH IP Subbotin Yury Nikolaevich, Kursk māhele
200 ha ma lalo o nā ʻuala
- Ua hana mākou i ka ʻuala papaʻaina no nā makahiki he 20, ua ulu pū mākou i ka soybeans, ka palaoa, a me ka hoʻolālā e ulu i ka rapeseed a me ka paukena. I loko o nā makahiki, ua hoʻololi hou ʻia ka mahiʻai, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻenehana hou (ʻo ia hoʻi, kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻokele). ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ke hōʻemi nei mākou i ka wahi ma lalo o ka ʻuala i 40 pakeneka i kēia makahiki.
Ma muli o kēia, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i kēia manawa ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokō i ka ʻike hewa ʻana o ka laina hoʻopili. Pono e hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻuala e hoʻokō i nā koi kūʻai. Ua hoʻouna aku mākou i palapala noi no nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa no kā mākou mea hoʻopihapiha i lawe ʻia mai i Nowemapa, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻolaha ʻia ka manawa hoʻouna iā mākou. Aia ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻomaka i nā mea hana ma ka lā i koi ʻia. Pono mākou e hana ma ke ʻano manual, akā ʻaʻole lawa nā limahana - aia ka mahiʻai ma ka palena palena.
Eia kekahi, pono ka ʻupena e hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻuala. I kēia manawa ua hāʻawi ʻia mākou e kūʻai i kahi pūʻolo o 2000 mau ʻupena no 21 rubles. A hiki i Malaki 000, ʻo kona kumukūʻai he 2022 rubles. Ua pālua ke kumukūʻai. A pono mākou e kūʻai i nā lepili a me nā mea hoʻopili ... Inā ʻaʻole e emi ke kumukūʻai o ka hoʻopili ʻana, e koi ʻia mākou e ʻimi i nā hopena ʻē aʻe no ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻuala i nā kaulahao kūʻai: malia paha e hoʻouna mākou i nā huahana i loko o nā pahu a i ʻole nā ʻeke nui.
ʻOiai ua hikiwawe loa ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka ʻeke. Ke kanu nei i mua, i kēia makahiki ua hāʻawi mua mākou i nā ʻano ʻuala i lawe ʻia mai: ʻo Vega, Colomba, Bernina kēia. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, e kanu mākou iā Gala ma kahi liʻiliʻi, no ka mea me ka nele o ka wai ʻaʻole ia e hāʻawi mau i ka hopena i makemake ʻia, a ʻaʻohe o mākou irrigation ma ka mahiʻai. Akā ke manaʻo nei mākou i kēia ʻano ʻano maʻamau no kēia lā ma ke ʻano o ka ʻono. Hoʻolālā pū mākou e hoʻāʻo i nā ʻano koho Belarusian - Breeze a me Manifesto. E ʻike kākou pehea lākou e hōʻike ai iā lākou iho ma kā mākou ʻāina ʻo Kursk kaumaha. Makemake wau e hana me nā ʻano Lūkini, inā lākou e hoʻokō i nā koi o ka mākeke hou.
Nui nā pilikia i manaʻo ʻia i ke kau hou.
Loaʻa iā mākou nā ʻōnaehana hoʻokele, akā i kēia makahiki e paʻakikī ke hoʻohana iā lākou - ua ālai ʻia nā hōʻailona. Hiki i nā mea hoʻokele ke kanu pono loa, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻokō pono i ka mahi ʻana ma waena o ka lālani, e hoʻemi i ka pakeneka o nā ʻōpala ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Me ka ʻole o kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻokele, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka ulu ʻana i kahi hua maikaʻi.
Ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ke kumukūʻai o nā fertilizers mineral a me nā mea kemika o ka pale. No ka mea, ua kūʻai mākou i nā mea pale ma mua o ka makahiki hou, a loaʻa iā mākou nā waihona mai ka makahiki 2021, ʻaʻohe pilikia o kā mākou mahiʻai mahiʻai i kēia kau. Akā he mau pilikia ʻē aʻe.
Lawe ʻia mai ka ʻohi ʻuala a me nā mea kanu mea kanu ma kā mākou mahiʻai mahiʻai. Ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana, hoʻomaka koke mākou e hoʻoponopono. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ʻohi ʻuala i Nowemapa-Dekemapa he 1,2 miliona rubles, ʻo ke kumukūʻai o ka ʻeli ʻana i nā pahi no ia i hoʻonui i ʻelua a ʻekolu mau manawa i kēia manawa.
A ke hāʻawi nei ke ʻano i kāna haʻawina: ua hoʻopanee ʻia ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kau kanu no ka manawa. I 2021, kanu mākou i ka palaoa puna ma Malaki 29. I kēia makahiki, ʻaʻole ke Akua, ma mua o ka Easter, kahi mea e lūlū ai. I kēia manawa ua loaʻa iā mākou (ma 11.04 - mai ka mea hoʻoponopono) ua, anu a me ka lepo ma ke kula. ʻIke loa, e kūʻai ʻia nā ʻuala mai ka ʻāina ʻo Kursk ma hope o ka mea maʻamau.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, no ke ʻano o ka ulu ʻana o ke kūlana climatic ma nā wahi, he ʻāina nui ʻo Russia, e ʻohi mākou i ka ʻohi. Hāʻawi ʻia nā Lūkini me nā ʻuala a me nā mea kanu.
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