Nā loea o ka Expert and Analytical Center no Agribusiness "AB-Center" www.elike-ua.ru hoomakaukauia ka noiʻi kūʻai ʻana o ka mākeke ʻuala Lūkini. Aia ma lalo iho kekahi mau ʻāpana mai ka hana ma ke kālepa ʻuala kūloko.
Hōʻike kēia mea i ka ʻikepili i manaʻo ʻia e pili ana i ka nui o ka hana ʻana, ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ke koena o nā mākeke kūloko no ka ʻuala o ka mahiʻai ʻana.
Hōʻike ʻia ka helu o nā ʻāpana hāʻawi a me nā ʻāina i loaʻa no ka ʻuala.
ʻĀina hāʻawi - kahi ʻāina kahi i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana ma mua o ka nui o ka hoʻohana. ʻO ka ʻāina loaʻa kahi ʻāina kahi i emi iho ai ka nui o ka hana ma mua o ka nui o ka hoʻohana.
No ka loiloi ʻoi aku ka manaʻo, hāʻawi ka haʻawina i nā hōʻailona makahiki awelika no 2016-2020, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻikepili no ka manawa lōʻihi e hōʻike pololei ana i nā pono maoli o nā wahi no kēia huahana. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka mana o ka climatic a me nā mea ʻē aʻe (no ka laʻana, he hāʻule o ka hana ma muli o ka maloʻo i 2010, overproduction o ka ʻuala i 2015).
I ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka mea, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻikepili ma ka awelika o ka heluna makahiki ma ka ʻāina (no 2016-2020), a me nā hōʻailona mākeke i manaʻo ʻia:
- Awelika hana makahiki ʻuala o ka mahi ʻana i ka ʻoihana ma 2016-2020 he 7 tausani tona.
- Awelika o ka lawe ʻana mai i ka makahiki, e noʻonoʻo ana i ka nui o nā mea i lawe ʻia mai nā ʻāina o ka Customs Union o ka EAEU, aia ma ka pae o 573,1 tausani tons.
- Awelika ka nui o ka lawe ʻana aku i ka makahiki ʻo ka ʻuala mai Rūsia no ka manawa i nānā ʻia he 236,7 tausani tons.
- Ka nui makeke makahiki ʻuala/awelika ʻai makahiki (ka nui o ka hana ʻana a me ka lawe ʻana mai i nā mea hoʻoiho liʻiliʻi) 2016-2020 aia ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 7365,9 tausani tons - ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo i nā poho i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana.
- Hāʻawi maʻamau makahiki ʻuala o ka mahiʻai ʻana i kēlā me kēia kapita (koe ʻole nā pohō i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana, e noʻonoʻo ana i nā nui i loaʻa no ka hana ʻana) i 2016-2020 he 50,2 kg.
Ma waena o nā moku āpau o Rūsia, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana ʻuala ma mua o ka nui o ka hoʻohana wale ʻana ma Central Federal District - e 860,3 tausani tons a ma ka Ural Federal District - e 65,9 tausani tons (ʻo ia nā ʻāpana hāʻawi).
I ka manawa like, ʻo ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻuala ma ka Central Federal District he 1 tausani tons, hana - 973,2 tausani tons. Ma waena o nā ʻāpana o ka Central Federal District he 2 mau ʻāpana hāʻawi a me 833,5 mau ʻāina e loaʻa. ʻO ka ʻāina hāʻawi nui loa ʻo ia ka ʻāina ʻo Bryansk, ʻo Moscow ka ʻāina i loaʻa nui.
ʻO ka pono ponoʻī o ka Central Federal District no ka ʻuala no nā makahiki ʻelima i manaʻo ʻia (2016-2020) ma ka awelika ma ka pae o 143,6%.
ʻO ka hoʻokō ponoʻī e pili ana i ka ratio o ka hana ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huaʻōlelo pākēneka.
Ma ka Ural Federal District, aia ka ʻai ma ka pae o 619,9 tausani tons, hana - 685,8 tausani tons. I ka manawa like, aia hoʻokahi wale nō ʻāina i loaʻa i ka moku - ʻo ka ʻāina ʻo Chelyabinsk, me ka hapa o ka ʻuala o kāna hana ponoʻī ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 58,9 tausani tons.
Ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka Ural Federal District (Kurgan, Sverdlovsk, Tyumen regions), ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o ka hana i ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana.
ʻO ka pono ponoʻī o ka Ural Federal District no ka ʻuala he 110,6%.
ʻO ka hapa nui loa o nā ʻuala i hana ʻia ma ka ʻāina ua hoʻomohala ʻia ma ka North-Western a me Far Eastern Federal District - 348,5 a me 202,3 tausani tons.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻike nā wahi āpau o nā ʻāpana loaʻa i ka hemahema o ka hana kūloko. No laila, ma nā wahi o Novgorod a me Pskov he koena, ʻo ka ʻāina ʻo Kaliningrad ka mea maʻamau ponoʻī. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka deficit holoʻokoʻa ma ka Northwestern Federal District ma muli o ka nui o ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana ma luna o nā puke hana ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka apana. Eia hou, ua kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana ma St. Petersburg (268,3 tausani tons i kēlā me kēia makahiki).
ʻO ka Far Eastern Federal District, aia wale nō ma Sakhalin Region a ma ka Territory Kamchatka ka nui o ka hana ma mua o ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana - e 22,2 tausani tons a me 0,4 tausani tons.
ʻO ka mea aʻe e pili ana i ka hemahema o ka hana kūloko, ʻo ka Siberian Federal District e hahai ana - 191,7 tausani tons, ʻo ka lawa pono ʻana o ka moku i ka ʻuala ma 77,8%.
Aia nā hōʻailona haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma ka North Caucasian Federal District - 178,0 tausani tons. ʻO ka pae holoʻokoʻa o ka hoʻokō ponoʻī ma aneʻi he 64,0%.
Hoʻopili ʻia kēia e ka Southern Federal District, kahi hemahema o ka hana kūloko ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 171,4 tausani tons, ʻo 79,2% ka hoʻokō ponoʻī. Hoʻokahi wale nō ʻāpana hāʻawi ma ka Hema Federal District - ka ʻāina ʻo Astrakhan.
Ma ka Volga Federal District, ʻo ke koena o ka mākeke holoʻokoʻa he maikaʻi ʻole. ʻO ka hapa o ka hana kūloko he 170,7 tausani tons, a ʻo ka pono ponoʻī aia ma ka pae o 88,5%. I ka manawa like, aia he 5 mau ʻāpana hāʻawi no ka ʻuala ma ka moku ʻo Volga Federal, a ʻekolu o lākou i kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana aku i ka ʻāina - ʻo Nizhny Novgorod region, nā repubalika Chuvash a me Udmurt.
Wahi a ka haʻawina, ma 30 mau ʻāina o Rūsia, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana ʻana i nā ʻuala ʻoihana ma mua o ka ʻai makahiki.
ʻO ka ʻāpana hāʻawi nui loa ʻo ia ka ʻāina ʻo Bryansk. Awelika hana makahiki ma 2016-2020 ma ʻaneʻi he 850,4 tausani tons, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana, e like me AB-Center, aia ma ka pae o 60,5 tausani tons. Hiki i ka ʻāina ke hoʻolako i 789,8 tausani mau ʻuala ma waho o kona mau palena (ʻoi aku kēia ma mua o nā pono makahiki o Moscow). ʻO ka pono ponoʻī o ka ʻāina ʻo Bryansk i ka ʻuala he 1%.
ʻO ka lua o ka ʻāina ʻo Tula, kahi e ʻai ai lākou i 74,4 tausani mau ʻuala ʻuala me ka awelika o ka hana makahiki he 534,3 tausani. Hiki i ka ʻāina ke hoʻolako i 459,8 tausani mau ʻuala ma waho o kona mau palena, ʻo 717,7%.
Ma ke kolu o ka wahi ma waena o nā ʻāpana hāʻawi no ka ʻuala ʻo ka ʻāina ʻo Astrakhan me kahi kaulike mākeke maikaʻi o 254,7 tausani tons a me ka lawa pono ʻana o 600,8%. Ma kahi o 50,9 tausani tons o ka ʻuala ʻuala i hoʻopau ʻia ma ka ʻāina, a ua hana ʻia he 305,5 tausani tons.
Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ʻo nā ʻuala āpau i ulu ma ka ʻāina ʻo Astrakhan he mau ʻuala mua, i ʻohi ʻia i ka hapa lua o Iune - Iulai. ʻO nā ʻuala ʻōpio, i ke ʻano o nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka wā no kēia huahana i kēia wā, ʻaʻole mālama ʻia i loko o ka waihona, akā kūʻai koke ʻia ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana. Ma keʻano laulā, i ka wā o waho, ʻaʻole paha he ʻāina hāʻawi, akā he ʻāina hoʻokipa.
ʻO ka hā o ka wahi ma waena o nā wahi hāʻawi ʻuala, e like me ka AB-Center, aia i ka ʻāina ʻo Nizhny Novgorod. ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana ma aneʻi ma ka pae o 161,8 tausani tons, ʻo ka nui o ka hana ʻana he 413,4 tausani tons. ʻO ka nui o nā mea e hoʻokuʻu aku i ka ʻāina he 251,6 tausani tons. ʻO 255,4% ka lawa pono o ka ʻāina i ka ʻuala.
Hoʻopili ka ʻāina ʻo Lipetsk i nā ʻāpana hāʻawi lima nui loa. Me ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana o 57,6 tausani tons, 169,7 tausani mau ʻuala i hana ʻia ma aneʻi. ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka Russian Federation i manaʻo ʻia ma 112,2 tausani tons, ʻo 294,9%.
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi ma nā wahi hāʻawi, i mea e hōʻemi ai i nā kumukūʻai no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana a hoʻonui i ka nui a me ka maikaʻi o ka mea kanu, hoʻohana nui nā mahiʻai i nā ʻōnaehana drip irrigation i ka wā e ulu ana i ka uala.
ʻO nā ʻāpana TOP-10 me ka hapa nui o ka hana kūloko e komo pū me ka Chuvash Republic, Tver, Ryazan, Novgorod a me Tambov.
Ma 52 mau ʻāina o ka Russian Federation, aia ka hapa o ka ʻuala kūloko no ka mahi ʻana i nā ʻoihana.
ʻO Moscow ka ʻāina nui loa i loaʻa. ʻO ka awelika makahiki o ke kapikala i ka ʻuala i manaʻo ʻia e ka Expert and Analytical Center for Agribusiness "AB-Center" ma 629,3 tausani tons. Lawe ʻia nā hoʻouna ʻana i Moscow mai nā wahi ʻo Bryansk, Tula, Lipetsk, Tver, Tambov, kekahi mau wahi ʻē aʻe o ka Central Federal District, a mai ka Volga Federal District (Nizhny Novgorod Region, Chuvash Republic, a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe) . I ka wā o waho (ʻoi aku ʻo ʻApelila-Iune) - lawe ʻia nā mea lawe mai ʻAigupita, Israel, Azerbaijan, a me kekahi mau ʻāina ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā hoʻouna mai Belarus aia i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe (i lawe ʻia i ka wā hōʻiliʻili a i ka wā ʻole). I Iune-Iulai, lawe ʻia mai nā ʻuala mua i hana ʻia e Rūsia (mai ka Krasnodar Territory a me Astrakhan Region).
Aia ma ka lua o St. Petersburg me nā pono makahiki ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 268,3 tausani tons. Lawe ʻia ka lawe ʻana i nā ʻuala i St. Petersburg mai nā ʻāpana o ka Central Federal District, ka Southern Federal District a me nā ʻāina ʻē.
ʻO ke kolu o ka wahi ma waena o nā ʻāina i loaʻa iā Krasnodar Territory. ʻO ka awelika makahiki o ka hana ʻenehana ma ʻaneʻi he 98,4 tausani tons wale nō. Kuhi ʻia ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana ma 282,1 tausani tons. ʻO nā pono o ka ʻāina no nā lako mai waho, e like me ka AB-Center, he 183,8 tausani tons.
Aia ka Repubalika o Bashkortostan i ka ʻehā ma waena o nā wahi i loaʻa, a ʻo ka Repubalika o Dagestan ka lima.
ʻO nā ʻāpana he ʻumi kiʻekiʻe me ka hapa nui o ka ʻuala i hana ʻia ma ka ʻāina, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Saratov Region, Republic of Crimea, Novosibirsk Region, Chechen Republic a me Perm Territory.