Kikokikona: ʻO Veronica Perova
Kūkala ka poʻe loea i ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke ulu ulu Lūkini
ʻO ka mākeke no nā mea kanu ʻokanika i Lūkia i kona wā kamaliʻi: aia wale nō he 12 mau mea hana i hōʻoia ʻia o kēia huahana i ka ʻāina, lawe ʻia mai ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu ʻokanika. Eia nō naʻe, nui ka hiki o kēia kuhikuhi - ke ulu nei ka noi no nā mea kanu a me ke olakino olakino maikaʻi, a ʻoiai i ka wā o ke ahulau, ʻaʻole ʻike ka hale kūʻai i kahi hāʻule o ke kūʻai aku ʻana i kēia ʻano huahana huahana. Hilinaʻi ka poʻe loea a me nā mea kūʻai aku i ka mākeke i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu meaola ke kokoke nei i ke kihi.
I Ianuali 2020, ua komo ka mana o ke kānāwai Pekelala ma Organic Production N 280-FZ ma Lūkia, a ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia i kekahi mau kaʻina hana i ka manawa hoʻokahi: ka hana ʻana o kahi ʻōnaehana hōʻoia e like me nā kūlana kūloko, waena a me nā pae honua, ke ʻano o kahi hōʻailona kiʻi a kahi papa inoa hui pū o nā mea hana meaola ma ka pūnaewele o ka Ministry of Agriculture o ka Russian Federation.
Hoʻokumu ka palapala i ka wehewehe o nā huahana meaola a hoʻoponopono i nā loina no kāna hana, mālama, halihali, lepili ʻana a me ke kūʻai aku. Wahi a nā poʻe loea, ʻo ka puka ʻana o ke kānāwai e kōkua i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā meaola i Rūsia ma ka laulā a me ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nani o kēia ʻāpana no nā mahiʻai.
ʻO ka mākeke liʻiliʻi me ka hiki
I kēia manawa, ua liʻiliʻi ka nui o ka mākeke Lūkini no nā huahana meaola, ʻo ka hapa nui o ia mea (ma kahi o 80%) e lawe ʻia mai mai nā ʻāina ʻē.
Wahi a ka National Organic Union (NOS), i kēia manawa ma Lūkia, mai ka 300 a i ka 360 hectares o ka ʻāina i hōʻoia ʻia no ka hana meaola. ʻO kekahi o lākou nā ʻāina hoʻohuli a hōʻoia ʻia no nā papahana e hiki mai ana. Ma ka huli ʻana, aia wale nō ma kahi o 200-220 tausani heka o ka ʻāina kūpono no ka mahi mahiʻai ʻana. I ka manawa like, e like me ka ʻōlelo a ka poʻe loea, aia he 34 miliona mau eka o ka fallow arable ʻāina i ka ʻāina, i kūpono no ka mahiʻai meaola.
Ma lalo o 1% o nā ʻoihana mahiʻai e hana nei i ka hana ʻana i nā huahana meaola i Rūsia, a hiki i kēia manawa ʻaʻole hoʻonui ʻia kā lākou helu. Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻomaka ke kūlana e loli no ka mea ʻoi aku, e like me ka lālā hua a me nā mea kanu.
Wahi a ka luna hoʻomalu o ka National Organic Union, ʻo Oleg Mironenko, mai loko mai o 82 Lūkia i hoʻohua ʻia nā mea hana, he 12 wale nō nā ʻoihana i ka mahi ʻana i nā mea kanu mea kanu, ʻo ka mea nui i ka māla ākea.
"ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka ulu ʻana i ka mea kanu mea kanu, akā he nui kona mana," wahi a Ksenia Firsova, alakaʻi loea o ke kino palapala hoʻomaʻemaʻe "Organic Expert", luna loiloi no nā kūlana ʻokanika o EU / NOP ma
Kiwa BCS Öko-Garantie GmbH (Kelemania). Wahi a ka loea, hoihoi nā huahana meaola hou i nā mea kūʻai aku Lūkini, akā ʻo kāna hana ʻana - e ulu ana i nā mea kanu kiʻekiʻe, pale ʻana i nā mea kanu mai nā mea ʻino a me nā maʻi me nā ala i ʻae ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā meaola, mālama i nā mea kanu i nā kūlana kūpono, nā loina. nā hana noʻonoʻo, pololei a me ka manawa.
"Nui nā māla ulu e ulu nei i ka Stavropol a me Krasnodar Territories a me ka Voronezh Region, kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke kanu i nā mea kanu me ka nānā ʻole i nā kūlana kūlohelohe," i ʻōlelo ʻo Oleg Mironenko. - Hoʻohui ʻia, ke lawe ʻia nei nā ʻanuʻu i kēia mau ʻāina i
ke hāʻawi nei i ke kākoʻo i ka lālā ʻokanika o ka mahiʻai mai nā luna kūloko ”. ʻO kahi laʻana, hāʻawi ka ʻĀina ʻo Voronezh i ka hana hōʻoia e 100% a me ke kūʻai ʻana o biofertilizers e 50%. Eia kekahi, ka hoʻopuka o ka hoʻolauna hou ʻana
kākoʻo politika a me kēlā me kēia hectare no nā mea hana meaola. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻohe kākoʻo nui o ka mokuʻāina nui no ka ʻāpana kūlohelohe i ka pae pekelala ma Rūsia, ke kaumaha o ka luna hoʻomalu o ka National Organic Union.
Ksenia Firsova e hōʻoia i ka hiki ke kiʻi i kahi kōkua e pili ana i ka ʻāina, a paipai e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka poʻe mahiʻai i ke kaʻina hana no ka uku ʻana i nā kumukūʻai o ka hōʻoia ʻokanika ma ke keʻena āpana a i ʻole ka ʻoihana mahiʻai. "Hoʻolālā ʻia ke kumukūʻai o ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi palapala i nā lā loiloi pākahi no kēlā me kēia hana kikoʻī," hoʻomanaʻo ka loea.
"Aia nā mahiʻai i nā wahi hema, ma ke ʻano he loea, loea i nā melona, nā kukama, nā ʻōmato, a me nā pī," hoʻomau ʻo Oleg Mironenko e kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā mea komo i ka mākeke. - A ʻo nā ʻoihana ma ka moku ʻo Moscow, Leningrad a me Kaluga e ulu nui i ka ʻuala, nā kāloti, nā beets, ke kāpena - ka borscht i kapa ʻia. Akā ʻo ka hua nui na lākou no ka ʻuala. " Ma waena o nā ʻoihana e ulu i nā mea kanu meaola, kapa ka loea i ka "Biofarm o Kuban" ma ka hema o ka Teritori Krasnodar, "Organic puni" ma ka Teritori Stavropol, "Bolotovo", "Vasilki", "Ryabinka" ma ka moku ʻo Moscow a me kekahi.
Lunahoomalu o ka Papa o ka Union of Organic Farming, lālā o ka ʻaha kūkā lehulehu o ka Ministry of Agriculture o ka Russian Federation, ka moho o ka ʻepekema Pedagogical ʻo Sergei Korshunov e hoʻomaopopo nei i kēia manawa ke kūkulu ʻia nei ka mākeke Lūkini no nā mea kanu meaola i ka ʻāina ākea. he mau haneli heka wale nō o ka ʻāina meaola. "I ka manawa like, aia kekahi poʻe komo mākeke e ulu nei i nā mea kanu ʻokanika no nā makahiki he nui," wahi a Sergey Korshunov. - Eia kekahi laʻana, "Biofarm o Kuban" e hana nei ma ka Teritori Krasnodar mai ka 2012. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i kēia manawa ua kau ka mahiʻai i nā mea kanu o ka hale kōmaʻomaʻo a ulu i nā tōmato, nā kukama, ka milo i nā hale hoʻoulu kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a me nā melona a me nā ʻumeke ”.
ʻO kekahi mea pāʻani ma ka mākeke, kahi lālā o ka Union of Organic Farming, ʻo ia ka Organic Around company, kahi e hua ai ka palaoa, nā mea kanu ʻoihana, a me nā mea kanu ākea a hana iā lākou i ka Teritori Stavropol. Kākoʻo ʻo Sergey Korshunov i ka 2019
ua loaʻa i kēia ʻoihana kahi palapala ʻokanika kūloko.
"Ua hōʻoia ʻia mākou e like me nā rula o EU 837/2007, 889/2008," e hōʻoia i ke poʻo o ka Organic About farm, Ph.D. n. Amiran Zanilov. "E loaʻa ana iā mākou ka palapala Lūkini i kēia makahiki." Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia mai ka makahiki i hala ua hoʻoponopono ʻia ka ʻāpana. No laila, ua haʻalele ka ʻoihana i ka hana ʻana o nā huahana meaola, kahi e pono ai ke kūʻai aku ʻole ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi, mai nā melon (melons a me nā melemona). I ka "Organic Around" ua ʻae lākou i ka hoʻomau hou ʻana o ka hana me kēia mau mea kanu, akā ma hope o ka maopopo he aha ka mea e hiki ke hana ʻia mai iā lākou a ma nā mea hana, a aia nō he kālā no ka loaʻa.
"I ka manawa like, ua hoʻonui mākou i ka wahi ma lalo o nā tōmato, nā paukena a hoʻomaka mākou e ulu i nā kukama," wahi a Amiran Zanilov. "Ke hoʻolālā nei nō hoʻi mākou e hoʻomaka i ka hana ʻana i ke kālika a me nā mea ʻala."
ʻO nā mea kanu kūwaho kūwaha kahi waiwai kau i makemake nui ʻia ma waena o ka lehulehu, wahi a Sergei Korshunov. "Hoʻohālikelike lākou i ko lākou ʻano ʻono. Ua hala kekahi i nā ʻōmato kohu Tomato a makemake lākou e uku i kahi kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe no lākou,
e like me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe, "i ʻōlelo ʻo ia.
Wahi a Korshunov, hooikaika mau nā mea hana e komo i ka mākeke o Moscow, St. Petersburg, a me nā wahi nui nui. Loaʻa iā lākou a hiki i ka 90% o nā kūʻai kūlohelohe. "Akā pono ka poʻe e ʻai i nā huahana olakino a kūlohelohe, keu hoʻi i nā mea hou a me nā kau, i nā wahi āpau o Lūkia. Ma hea wau i hana ai, ua kūʻai aku au ma laila, ʻo kēia kekahi o nā kumu nui o ka meaola. He mea nui ka pōkole o ka lako e like me ka pōkole e like me ka hiki, a he hou a kūlohelohe nā huahana, "Sergey Korshunov i manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia.
I ka manawa like, huki ʻo Amiran Zanilov i ka nānā i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka mahele o nā kumukūʻai loiloi i kēlā me kēia makahiki, e pili pū ana me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kumukūʻai o ka wahie, nā ala kaʻina, a pēlā aku. Eia hou, ʻo ke kuhikuhi wale nō i ka mākeke kapikala i ka pili ka wā lōʻihi i ka makaʻu o ka hoʻololi i ke kaulike o ka noi a
hāʻawi i kahi māhele kikoʻī. "No laila, ʻo ke kumumanaʻo o kā mākou ʻoihana e komo i nā mākeke kūloko. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ʻae ʻia ke kulekele kumu kūʻai, - wehewehe ʻo ia. "I kēia lā, ma kahi o 85% o kā mākou huahana i kūʻai ʻia i nā wahi." No laila, mahalo i ke kōkua o ka Chamber of Commerce a me ka ʻoihana o ka Repubalika o North Ossetia-Alania, ke kūʻai ʻia nei nā huahana o "Organic Around" i mau hale kūʻai he nui ma North Ossetia.
Kākoʻo hoʻi ka Union Farming Union i ka hoʻolālā hoʻolālā hoʻonohonoho hoʻonohonoho o Organic a puni.
"ʻIke mākou i ke komo ʻana o nā meaola i nā mākeke āpana kahi ʻano hou," e hoʻokūpaʻa iā Sergey Korshunov. ʻO ke ʻano like, e like me ia, ke hoʻomohala ʻia nei e nā lālā o ka Union of Organic Farming in Siberia. ʻO kahi laʻana, ua wehe ʻo IE Volkov i kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei i ka papahana Kalina-Malina no ke kūʻai aku ʻana i nā huahana mahiʻai. Kāhea wale ʻo ia i nā Siberians wale nō a me nā mahiʻai wale nō e laulima, ʻaʻole nā kuleana mahiʻai. Ke holomua nei ka papahana ma 2020 pū kekahi. Wahi a ka loea, nā mea hoʻolako o Kalina-Malina, me nā mea hana mea kanu, me ke kōkua o ka Union i kēia makahiki
e noi ana no ka hōʻoia ʻokanika.
Eia naʻe, hoʻohui ka luna hoʻomalu o ka NOS ʻo Oleg Mironenko i kahi lele i ka hamo i ke kamaʻilio ʻana, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i ke ʻano kaumaha i kēia makahiki e pili ana me ka maʻi ahulau coronavirus. "Ma muli o ka pāpā ʻana i ka lawe ʻana aku i nā mea kanu ma waho o nā wahi a lākou e hana ai, a me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ke kumukūʻai o ka hana ma muli o nā piʻi o ke kālā (nā hua, nā huahana biia, nā ʻāpana hoʻokoe, a pēlā aku. kūʻai ʻia no ke kālā haole), ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi mau mahiʻai ke kūʻai aku i nā mea ulu i ulu, - hoʻomanaʻo ʻo ia. "Pono wau e alo i kahi koho: e luku paha i nā mea kanu i manaʻo ʻia no ke kūʻai aku i nā wahi ʻē aʻe, a i ʻole e kūʻai aku iā lākou i nā mākeke kūloko ma lalo o ke kumu kūʻai."
Ke hoʻomau nei i ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā loli, ua ʻōlelo pū ʻo Sergei Korshunov i kēia manawa ke nānā nui ʻia nei i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻamaʻa, ka hoʻolilo o ka ʻike i ka māla o ka mahiʻai meaola. No laila, ʻo ka Union of Organic Farming, ma waena o ke kumumanaʻo o ka hāʻawi pelekikena, i mālama ʻia me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa manuahi ʻole i ka hana ʻana o nā ʻōmato kōmiko ma ke kula ākea ma ka hui "Organic Around" i ʻAukake 2020. Wahi a ka loea, ua lilo kēia mahiʻai i kikowaena ʻepekema a me nā hana, kahi e hana ʻia ai nā ʻenehana mahiʻai kūpono no ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu keu ma kahi pae koʻikoʻi. Ua hoʻomaopopo ʻo ia i ke poʻo o ka mahiʻai, ʻo Ph.D. n. He kanaka kaulana ʻo Amiran Zanilov i ka neʻe a me ka mea kākau o nā ʻōlelo ʻepekema a me nā ʻano hana o ka Ministry of Agriculture o ka Russian Federation e pili ana i ka mahiʻai mahiʻai, i paʻi ʻia ma 2018.
Ma waena o nā hanana nui no ke kaiāulu kūlohelohe, ua kapa pū ʻo Oleg Mironenko i kahi hoʻomaka o kahi papahana no ka hana ʻana i nā hua no nā mea kanu mea kanu e ulu ana ma ke kumu o ka mahiʻai ʻo Bioferma Kuban, kahi e komo ai ka hui hua nui ʻo Poisk. "Ua hoʻomaka ka papahana ma 2020
makahiki. ʻO kēia kā mākou ale mua i ke kahua o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā ʻanoʻano kūloko no ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu ʻokanika, "- wahi a ka luna hoʻomalu o NOS me ka haʻaheo.
Huahana Huihui Waiwai
E like me kā Oleg Mironenko i ʻōlelo ai, ma Rūsia, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ulu ʻana o ka mea kanu ʻokanika ma mua o ka ʻaoʻao kuʻuna. "A, mahalo i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻenehana i kēia wahi, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai hana o nā mea kanu ʻokanika ma mua o ka mahiʻai kālaina," hoʻohui ʻo ia.
Ma kahi laʻana, ua kuhikuhi ka luna hoʻomalu o ka National Organic Union i ka ʻike o Krasnodar. Aia nā kumukūʻai i kēia lā
no ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu mea kanu he 30-40% wale nō ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka mahi ʻana i nā huahana kuʻuna. A kūʻai aku iā lākou, e like me ka ʻōlelo a ka loea, hiki ke ʻoi aku ka pipiʻi: aia kahi koi no nā mea kanu ʻokanika, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o nā kumukūʻai i hoʻokumu ʻia ma mua o nā mea kanu maʻamau.
Eia kekahi, e like me ia, hoihoi ka ʻike o ka ʻoihana "Bioferma Kuban". "Ua hoʻololi ʻia i ke kumukūʻai o ka ulu ʻana i nā ʻōmato cherry i loko o nā hale hoʻoulu kiʻiʻoniʻoni hiki ke like me ke kumukūʻai o ka ulu ʻana i nā ʻano papa o kēia hua me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana ʻoihana."
Oleg Mironenko. "Malia paha hiki ke mālama ʻia kēia lākiō i ka wā e ulu ana nā ʻōmato ma ke kula ākea."
Kākoʻo ʻo Amiran Zanilov i ka hana ʻana i nā huahana meaola, ʻo ka mea mua, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻoihana kaiaulu, ʻo ka pahuhopu nui e loaʻa ka loaʻa kālā. "No ka poʻe mahiʻai i hiki ke kiʻi i kahi huahana me ka waiwai i hoʻonui ʻia ma muli o nā palena o ke kaiapuni, e waiwai waiwai ana ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu ʻokanika," manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ia.
ʻO Sergey Korshunov e huki i ka manaʻo i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka hana ʻana o nā mea kanu meaola e pili ana i nā kaha kūʻai. ʻO ka maʻamau, e like me ia, manaʻo ʻia he loaʻa kālā o 30%.
I kēia manawa, hōʻike ʻia nā huahana meaola i lawe ʻia mai ma nā papa ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā hale kūʻai kaulahao (e laʻa me Azbuka Vkusa), hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Amiran Zanilov. "Inā hiki i kā mākou ʻoihana ke kūʻai aku i nā mea kanu like o kā mākou hana ponoʻī
(me Evrolistk) ma ke kumu kūʻai he 5-6 mau manawa i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā mea i lawe ʻia mai, hiki i ka pōmaikaʻi ke piʻi i 80-100%, "wahi a ke poʻo o Organic Around.
Wahi a Oleg Mironenko, i kēia manawa ka hapa nui o nā hale kūʻai kahi i kahi papa me nā huahana meaola e hoʻopiʻi no ka nele o nā mea kanu a me nā hua a mākaukau e kūʻai iā lākou mai nā mea mahiʻai mahiʻai kūloko. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ma mua o ka maʻi ahulau coronavirus, mea kūʻai aku
ke ulu nei ke koi no nā mea kanu ʻokanika e ulu mau nei, a ʻoiai i ka wā o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana iā ʻoe iho, ʻaʻole i hōʻike nā kaulahao kūʻai i kahi hāʻule nui o ke kūʻai aku ʻana i kēia mahele huahana, ʻoiai ʻo ka emi o ka loaʻa kālā o ka home. "ʻO ka pilikia no ka loaʻa ʻole o nā mea ʻai ponoʻī iā lākou iho," koʻikoʻi ʻo Oleg Mironenko a kanikau no ka holo mua ʻole ʻana o ka wahi no ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu meaola e like me kā mākou makemake.
I ka manawa like, manaʻo ka poʻe loea a me nā mea kūʻai aku i ka mākeke i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana e ulu wikiwiki ka nui o nā mahiʻai mea kanu i hōʻoia ʻia ma Rūsia.
Pehea wau e loaʻa ai kahi palapala?
ʻO Ksenia Firsova, kahi loea alakaʻi o ka hui ʻoihana Organic, i ʻōlelo kikoʻī e pili ana i ke kaʻina hana hōʻoia a me nā koi no nā mahiʻai. "Wahi a ke Kānāwai Pekelala" Ma nā Huahana Huahana ", he kuleana ko nā ʻoihana i hala i ke kaʻina hana hōʻoia no kā lākou hana ʻana e hoʻohana i hoʻokahi hōʻailona" ʻokanika "a me ka huaʻōlelo" ʻokanika "i kā lākou wahī," wahi a ka loea. - Lawe ʻia ka hōʻoia e like me ka maʻamau GOST 33980-2016 "Nā huahana meaola. Nā lula no ka hana ʻana, ka hana ʻana, ka lepili ʻana a me ke kūʻai aku ʻana "i kahi kino hōʻoia ʻae ʻia".
Ua wehewehe ʻo Ksenia Firsova ua kau ka hae i kekahi mau koi ma nā māla hoʻoulu mea kanu: ka mālama ʻana i ka momona o ka lepo (e laʻa me ke kū ʻana o ka hua), ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kanu a me nā huahana pale pale (hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea i ʻae wale ʻia). Aia nā koi kūikawā no ka mea kanu a me nā mea kanu. Hoʻohui ʻia, i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu, pāpā ʻia nā meaola mai ka ulu ʻana i hydroponics. "ʻO nā kūlana no ka hōʻiliʻili, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ka halihali ʻana, mālama ʻana i nā huahana meaola i hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia hoʻi," i hoʻohui ka loea. "Eia kekahi laʻana, pono e hana, mālama a lawe kaʻawale ʻia mai nā huahana non-organic. Pono nā mea hana e haʻalele i ka ʻūlū e hiki ai ke alakaʻi i ka huahana a me ka haumia o ke kaiapuni, me polyvinyl chloride. "
He mea nui, i kona manaʻo, ke hoʻohui i ka manaʻo o ka wā hoʻololi - he wā kēia o ka manawa kahi e noi ai nā koi i hoʻokumu ʻia no ka hana meaola, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā huahana me he meaola. "No nā wahi i lūlū ʻia (i
me ka mahi ʻana i nā mea kanu mea kanu) ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka manawa hoʻololi i ʻelua mau makahiki ma mua o ka lūlū ʻana, ”Ksenia Firsova i hoʻomaopopo.
I kēia lā, ʻekolu mau kino hōʻoia i ʻāpono ʻia ma Rūsia. ʻO kā lākou laulā o ka hōʻoia a me nā kikoʻī pili pilikino hiki ke loaʻa i ka papa inoa o ka Federal Accreditation Agency, Firsova memo. "Minamina, pono mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i kēia ma ke kaʻawale, ʻoiai ua ʻike ʻia nā hihia i ka wā hea
ua hāʻawi ka poʻe scammers i kā lākou lawelawe ma ka inoa o kahi mea hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ʻike nui ʻia, me he lālā lā i kū ʻole i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, "i hoʻohui ʻo ia. Inā hoʻolālā kahi mea hana Lūkini e hoʻolako i kāna huahana meaola ma kahi ʻē, a laila ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hana me ka ʻole o kahi palapala honua, hoʻomanaʻo ka loea.
Me ka maka i ka hoʻolilo
Wehe ʻia ka palapala hōʻoia honua no ke komo ʻana o nā ʻoihana i nā mākeke kūloko, hoʻomau ʻo Ksenia Firsova. "I ka manawa like, hoʻoholo lākou i ke ʻano o ka hōʻoia e koi ʻia ai, e pili ana i ka mākeke kūʻai kūpono, ʻoiai ʻokoʻa nā kūlana i nā ʻāina like ʻole. I Rūsia, ʻo ka hōʻoia ākea ākea ākea e kūlike me nā kūlana EU a me US paha, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia, "ʻo ka hōʻoia no Iāpana a me Kina ka liʻiliʻi."
Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ke kaʻina hana hōʻoia, aʻoaʻo ka loea "Organic Expert" iā ʻoe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā ʻoe iho me ke kūlana maʻamau (he ʻokoʻa ko lākou āpau) a koho i kahi kino hōʻoia. "Eia kekahi laʻana, e like me ka hae kūleʻa o ʻEulopa, aia ma kahi o 15 nā hui hōʻoia ʻē aʻe i kuleana e hoʻokō i kēia kaʻina hana ma Rūsia, kahi o ka hapa o ka hapa e hana nei," i wehewehe ʻo ia.
Wahi a Firsova, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o ka hana mai ka Lūkini, akā aia nā pilikia. No laila, ke kamaʻilio ʻana me ka mea hōʻoia a me nā palapala i ka ʻōlelo Pelekania. Eia hou, aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona e pili ana i ka lawe aku o nā huahana meaola, no ka laʻana,
ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana o nā palapala hōʻike kālepa i kapa ʻia no kēlā me kēia pūʻulu. "Eia nō naʻe, inā maopopo koke iā ʻoe i nā intricacies o ka hōʻoia ʻana, hiki ke hōʻalo ʻia nā pilikia hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia," hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo ia.
Wahi a Sergey Korshunov, ka nui o nā lako o nā huahana meaola āpau mai Lūkia i ka hopena o 2019 i 9 miliona euro. ʻO kēia ka mea nui i ka lawe ʻia aku o nā mea maka o ka palaoa, nā legume a me nā aila ʻaila, a me nā mea ulu hihiu. ʻO ka hiki ke kūʻai aku ʻia ma waena o nā mea kanu ʻokanika, i kona manaʻo, ʻo ka paukena a me ka kālika.
Wahi a Amiran Zanilov, i kēia manawa aia kahi koi nui no nā mea maka ma ka mākeke honua, kahi e hiki ʻole ai i nā mahiʻai Lūkia ke hoʻopiha piha ma muli o nā puke hana liʻiliʻi.
Hoʻohui ʻia, mai ka manaʻo o Oleg Mironenko, ʻaʻohe kumu no nā ʻoihana kūloko e hoʻokuʻu aku i nā mea kanu a lanakila i nā mākeke haole, no ka mea ʻaʻole i piha ka mākeke kūloko no nā huahana meaola i ka ʻāina. "ʻO ke kūʻai aku ʻana i nā mea kanu ma Rūsia i kēia manawa he waiwai e like me ka hāʻawi ʻana iā lākou i waho - ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ke kumu kūʻai," wahi a ka loea. "Eia hou, pono mākou e noʻonoʻo aia aia nā ʻāina i kū i kahi kūlana hilinaʻi i ka hoʻolako honua ʻana i nā mea kanu ʻokanika. ʻO ʻItalia ka wahi mua, ukali ʻia e Sepania a me Ukraine. "
I ke kumumanaʻo, pono ka ʻāina e hoihoi i ke kūʻai aku ʻana i nā mea kanu i hana ʻia me ka waiwai hoʻohui. Eia nō naʻe, ma Rūsia, ʻaʻohe papahana no ka hana hohonu ʻana o nā huahana hua a me nā mea kanu, wahi a Oleg Mironenko. "Hiki iā ʻoe ke ulu i nā mea ʻai a huaʻai paha, akā hoʻolilo iā lākou i mau ʻai, compotes, jams a i ʻole nā hua maloʻo a ma ka manawa like e paʻakikī ka huahana hope loa: ʻaʻohe wahi e hana ai," wehewehe ka loea.
ʻOiai nā paʻakikī, ke hana nei ka ʻoihana "Organic Around" i kēia manawa i ka lawe ʻana aku i nā huahana i hoʻōla ʻia (ʻo ka nui o ka aila mea kanu). Ke hoʻomaka nei ke kūkā kamaʻilio mua. "ʻO kahi mikiona ʻoihana i Italia i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka Waihona no ke kākoʻo ʻoihana liʻiliʻi o ka Teritori Stavropol, akā naʻe, ua kūleʻa ma muli o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka coronavirus," i ʻōlelo ʻo Amiran Zanilov.
Nā kiko ʻeha a me nā loina wā lōʻihi
I kēia manawa i waena o nā mea hana, ulu mau ka hoihoi i ka palapala hōʻoia. Hoʻohui ʻo Ksenia Firsova i kēia me ka hoʻomohala maʻamau o ke kumuhana o ka hana ʻokanika i Lūkia: ke komo ʻana i ke kānāwai ma nā huahana meaola, ke ola o nā papahana kōkua, nā papahana aʻo, a me ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hiki ke hoʻokuʻu aku. Ma muli o ka hōʻoia ʻana o ke kaulahao holoʻokoʻa i ka hana meaola, a laila, i kona manaʻo, hiki ke hoʻomaka i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻāpana meaola e like me kahi avalanche.
"Koi aku ke kalepa i nā ʻoihana e hōʻoia i nā koi ʻokanika ma ka wahī ʻana, no laila e hele ana ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā mea maoli," i wehewehe ʻo Ksenia Firsova. "Pono ka holoholona i nā mea kanu meaola, nā mea ulu e koi ana i nā mea momona a me nā ʻanoʻano, nā huahana meaola no ka pale ʻana i nā mea kanu." Ma ke ʻano he kiko kuhikuhi, loaʻa iā mākou ka ʻike honua o ka neʻe o ka meaola, e hōʻike ana pehea e hoʻomohala ʻia ai, voluminous a kūleʻa ai hoʻi ka ʻōnaehana o ka mahiʻai meaola, nā memo loea.
ʻOiai, ke hoʻomohala mau ʻia nei ka mākeke kūlohelohe ma Rūsia, a ua hoʻomohala ʻole ʻia nā hanana āpau no kāna kākoʻo, ʻo Oleg Mironenko e huki i ka manaʻo. "ʻO nā biofertilizers a me nā huahana biological no ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu, koi ʻia nā ʻano hua ʻokanika," nā papa loea. "Ke hoʻomaka nei kēia mau wahi e hoʻomohala." ʻOiai kēia mau hakahaka, ke ʻimi nei ka mākeke kūlohelohe Lūkini no ka ulu a me ka ulu ʻana.
Ma ke ala
ʻO ka mea hoihoi, ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia nā mea kanu mea kanu (ʻo kahi laʻana, kāloti, beets, kāpelu) me nā huahana meaola. No laila, ke hoʻomaka nei ka hana hana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hybrids hou me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i nā mea ʻino.
ʻO ka hoʻopuka koʻikoʻi loa ka pale ʻana i nā mea kanu mea kanu (e laʻa me ka cabbage) mai nā mea ʻino e like me ka moths, thrips a me nā aphids, i kahi liʻiliʻi mai
nāhelehele a me nā maʻi. No laila, inā, ma ka awelika, hoʻokahi lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻohana ʻia e pale ai i ke kāpena mai nā maʻi a hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha - mai ka mauʻu, a laila ka nui
hiki ke hōʻea i ʻewalu a ʻeiwa mau lāʻau ʻino e kūʻē i nā mea make (e like me ka moth a me nā thrips).
Wahi a nā poʻe loea ʻoihana, kahi mea hoʻouluulu no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka mākeke kūlohelohe i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea pono kālā a me nā papahana hōʻaiʻē makemake e hoʻokumu i nā mahiʻai me nā pono pono a me nā ʻenehana. ʻO kahi mea kūleʻa nui ka loaʻa ʻana o ka limahana hana kūikawā a me nā papahana hoʻomohala limahana.
Hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo Amiran Zanilov: no ka ulu hou ʻana i ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu meaola, pono nā ʻenehana e hoʻokō i ke kumukūʻai o nā mea maka i kiʻekiʻe iki aʻe ma mua o ka hana kuʻuna. Eia kekahi, ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka hoʻolauna ʻia ʻana o nā ʻenehana mālama i nā kumuwaiwai i ka hana ʻokanika, a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi ʻōnaehana no ka pale ʻana i nā mea kanu mea kanu mai nā nāhelehele, nā mea ʻino a me nā maʻi. Eia kekahi,
he mea nui ia e uhi ikaika i ke kumuhana o nā meaola me ke komo ʻana o nā loea mai ke kahua o ka biology a me ka lāʻau. "Akā ʻo ka loli nui a koʻikoʻi aʻu e manaʻo ai ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā huahana meaola i ka meaʻai o nā preschoolers a me nā haumāna o ke kula haʻahaʻa," wahi a ke poʻo o Organic Around. - ʻO kēia ka hoʻopukapuka nui i ka hiki kanaka o ka ʻāina! "
I nā makahiki e hiki mai ana, e like me kā Sergei Korshunov i hōʻoia ai, ʻo ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke Lūkia o ka mahiʻai mahiʻai e manaʻo ʻia, ma ka ʻāpana o nā mea kanu. "ʻO nā mea kanu kau hou ka hōʻoia o ke olakino a me ka ikaika o ka pale ʻana, ke uku nei ka poʻe i kēia manawa i nā huahana kūpono a hoʻoikaika i ke kino. No laila he lohi lōʻihi nā mea kanu kūlohelohe! " - hoʻohiki ka loea.
"Hiki iā ʻoe ke kamaʻilio nui e pili ana i nā pilikia, hiki iā ʻoe ke kākau i kahi noi nui e pili ana i ia, akā ua pono nā mea kūʻai i nā mea kanu ʻokanika i kēia lā. A i nā ʻano paʻakikī, ke hoʻāʻo nei kā mākou mea hana e ulu iā lākou. Pono mākou e kākoʻo i nā ʻoihana kūloko i kēia mea paʻakikī, "i pau ai ʻo Oleg Mironenko.