Teritori: 25 679 sq. M. km
Heluna kanaka: 1 478 818 poʻe, a nona ka nui o 75,45%.
Kahi kūlana geographi: aia ka ʻāina ma waenakonu o ka Hikina ʻEulopa Plain. Nā palena: ma ka hema a me ka hikina hema - me ka moku Lipetsk, ma ke komohana hema - me ka moku Oryol, ma ke komohana a me ke komohana ʻākau - me ka Kaluga, ma ka ʻākau a me ka ʻākau hikina - me ka moku ʻo Moscow, ma ka hikina - me ka moku Ryazan. ...
Ka aniau: ka ʻāina pae ʻāina haʻahaʻa, ʻano e ka anuanu anuanu a me nā kauwela mahana. Aia ke anilā o nā mahana mai + 4 a +5 kekelē. ʻO ka mahana ma Ianuali mai -9 a -12 kekelē, i Iulai mai +18 a + 22 kekelē. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka manawa me nā mahana maikaʻi ʻo 220-225 mau lā. Hoʻonohonoho pono ʻole ʻia ka presipitation ma waena o ka ʻāina. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou ma nā ʻaoʻao komohana komohana (575 mm), ka liʻiliʻi - ma nā wahi hikina hikina (470 mm). Hoʻokahi hapakolu o nā heleleʻi āpau i ka ʻāina i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā mahina kau wela, i ka hapanui o Iulai. I ka wā hau-ʻole, hāʻule ka 70% o ka ua makahiki. I ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo, hiki i ka mānoanoa o ka uhi o ka hau i 0,3-0,7 m, paʻa nā lepo i ka hohonu o 0,6-0,9 m.
ʻO ka hōʻuluʻulu: flat a me ka mau puʻu. ʻO nā wahi kumu nui ka muliwai awāwa a me nā kahe wai.
Nā lepo: soddy-podzolic ma ke komohana ʻākau, nāhelehele ulu hina i ka ʻāpana waena, hoʻoliʻiliʻi a leached nā chernozems ma ka hema.
ʻO kahi ka ʻāina o ka mahiʻai: 1972,9 tausani hekahi. Noho ka ʻāina paʻa i ka 1556,3 tausani ha.
ʻAʻole kēia ʻo ka mua ka hana ʻana o ka pā o ka ʻāina ʻo Tula i ka pā o ka mea kanu ulu i uhi ʻia i loko o kā mākou puke moʻolelo, ʻaʻole ia he mea hopohopo: ʻO ka awelika helu makahiki o kēia hua ʻai he 2012 mano mau kau, ka nui o ka ʻai mau makahiki o nā ʻuala ma ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana i ka pae o 454,5 tausani tons.
E noho mākou i nā hopena o nā makahiki ʻekolu i hala. I ka makahiki 2017, ua koho ʻia he 16,2 tausani ha no ka kanu ʻana i ka ʻenehana ʻana i ka mahiʻai. Ua loaʻa ka hōʻiliʻili huaʻai i ka 518,8 tausani tons. I ka makahiki 2018, ua noho kokoke ka wahi ma lalo o nā ʻuala i ka papa like (16,0 mano ha). Akā ua lilo ka manawa i ko ka mea maikaʻi loa i ke ʻano o ke anuanu: ua maloʻo loa, ʻaʻole ka liʻiliʻi o ka hapalua o ka nui o ka ua i hoʻohālikelike ʻia. ʻO nā paʻahana wale nō me nā mea hoʻoulu wai i hiki ke loaʻa i ka hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi. Ua hōʻemi ʻia ka hōʻiliʻili hua ʻana i ka 431,7 tausani tons.
I kēia makahiki ua ulu ka wahi kanu kanu i ka 18,2 mano ha. Ma ka lā 31ʻOkakopa 2019, ua hōʻiliʻili ka nui o nā pāla nui a me nā pālahalaha nui ma ka 555,0 tausani o ka huahana.
Hoʻomaka hou
Hoʻonohonoho ka ʻāina me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenehana ʻenehana hou a me nā ʻano loea, nā ʻano momona a me nā pilida, nā mea kanu kūpono a me nā huahana mālama lāʻau, ʻike ʻia ke ala nui loa e hōʻoia i nā hopena kiʻekiʻe ma ka Non-Black Earth Zone (e pili ana i ka Tula Region).
Wahi a nā helu helu, i kēia manawa ma ka moku ʻo Tula aia he 20,9 tausani heka o ka ʻāina ameliorated, a he 20,4 tausani heka he mahiʻai. Noho nā ʻāina mahiʻai i Irrigated ma kahi o 15,9 tausani hectares, hoʻokahe ʻia - 4,5 tausani heka. ʻIke ʻia ka hoʻopakele ʻana o ka ʻāina maikaʻi ma 14,5 tausani heka, maikaʻi ʻole
- e 6,4 tausani heka. ʻO nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoponopono ma nā ʻāina i hoʻoulu ʻia e komo pū me: 728,30 km o ka paʻa a me 183,9 km o nā pūnaewele hoʻouwai hāmama, nā loko iʻa - 32, nā hale ʻē aʻe
- 97 anakahi ʻO nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoponopono ma nā ʻāina i hoʻokahe ʻia e komo pū me: 122,7 km o ka mea hōʻiliʻili a me ka pūnaewele hoʻokahe a me 264,4 km o nā kahawai wai wehe, nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻano - 102 anakahi.
He subprogram kahi a me ka "Hoʻolālā o ka loiloi o ka ʻāina i ka ʻāina Tula ma ka manawa 2014-2021". ʻO nā hana nui o ka subprogram nā: pale i ka haʻalele ʻana i ka ʻāina mahiai mai ka lulu ʻana i ka mahiʻai a hoʻonui i ka nui o ka hana o nā ʻano nui o ka hana hua.
I ka makahiki 2019, loaʻa iā Tula kahi i ka 104 580,5 tausani mau rubles mai ka waihona kālā ʻoihana ma ke ʻano he nui o ka papahana target a ke kālā no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻāina no ka hana ʻoihana mahiʻai. ʻO ke kālā kūloko no ka papahana ka 38 tausani mau rubles. No laila, ʻo ka huina kālā e loaʻa iā 680,5 mano mau rubles.
Hoʻohana kēia mau kālā e uku i nā loina i nā mea hana huahana mahiai. Hāʻawi ʻia nā kālā no ka kūkulu ʻana, hana hou, nā mīkini hoʻonaʻauao hou ʻana o nā ʻenehana hoʻōla hou no ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ka pilikino a me nā wahi hoʻoneʻe hydraulic a hiki ke loaʻa i 70% o ka nui o ke kumukūʻai i hōʻike ʻia i loko o nā hoʻolālā hoʻolālā (akā ʻaʻole naʻe ʻoi maoli ka hana).
KOMOHANO MAKAUWAI HALEIA
ʻO kahi hopena o nā pilikia e hoʻonui ai i nā wahi i ulu ʻia a hoʻonui i ka hana o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻole ʻia kahi hana pono e hoʻonui ai i ka hoʻouluʻana i ka lepo.
Mahalo i ka papahana deoxidation lepo ma ia wahi, i loko o ʻekolu mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻi maila nā mea mahiʻai i ka ʻāpana he 135 kaukani o ka ʻāina lawena ʻole i hoʻohana ʻole ʻia e ka ʻāina. No laila, loaʻa i ka wahi i kahi papa i lulu ʻia i nā makahiki 15.
Akā nui ka pilikia. Wahi a ka Center for Chemicalization and Agricultural Radiology "Tulsky", ma ka panalāʻau o ka ʻāina a Ianuali 1, 2019, mai 731,80 tausani heka o nā lepo i aʻo ʻia o nā ʻāina mahi ʻia a me nā ʻāina fallow, 600,80 tausani heka he acidic, e koi ana i ka liming. Koi ʻia e hoʻopili i nā mea momona a me nā mea kūpona, e hoʻokō i nā hana anti-radiation nui i kuhikuhi ʻia i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻana i nā lepo waikawa a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā mea hoʻonui o nā mea kanu potash.
I ka makahiki 2019, ua paʻa nā hanana i ka palena he 30 tausani ʻeka ʻāina. No ka laʻana, ma ka moku Chernsky, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hana kūpono e ka Miratorg-Orel (ma kahi o 2961 hekere) a me nā hui Avangard-Agro-Tula (1000 heket).
KA MANAHU A IA
ʻO ka mahi ʻana i kaʻuala kaʻuala kekahi o nā wahi nui o ka hana o ka Tula Research Institute of Agriculture, kahi lālā o ka Nemchinovka Federal Research Center.
ʻO kēlā me kēia makahiki, ka nānā ʻana o ka 'Oihana Hoʻohui Pono Wahine o ka Research Institute of Agriculture i nā ʻano 25-30 o ka ʻuala e ka ʻupena o nā ʻano waiwai nui, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi kū'ē i ka biotic a me ka abiotic stress. Hoʻopuka ke Institute a hana i nā hua kanu elite. I kēia makahiki, hiki i nā mea kūʻai ke kūʻai i nā ʻuala hua ʻai o nā ʻano ʻo Udacha, Rosara, Lyubava, Kolobok, Krepysh, Red Scarlett, ka ʻokiʻoki ʻo Bryansk, Ladoga, Golubizna, ʻo ka ʻoiʻo Lilac, Nakra, Kurazh, Zhigulevsky.
Ma ka ʻāina nō hoʻi kekahi nui o nā mahiʻai loea i mākaukau i ka kanu ʻana i nā hua kanu hua ʻai.
ʻO kekahi o nā mea nui ʻo OOO Bogoroditskiy Alliance. Loaʻa ma kahi o 70% o ka nui o ka nui o kaʻuala i hua ʻia ma ka ʻāina Tula. I kēlā me kēia makahiki, koho pono nā loea o ka ʻoihana i nā ʻano waiwai nui a hoʻohiki ʻia o nā ʻāpana hānau hānau ʻEulopa maikaʻi loa no ka hānau ʻana. I kēia kau, hāʻawi ka ʻoihana i nā mea kanu o nā ʻano Dutch a Kelemania: Red Sonja, Nandina, Vineta, Koroleva Anna, Bellarosa, Evolution, Artemis, Picasso, Arizona, Damaris, Christel, Paroli.
No nā makahiki he iwakālua mau makahiki, ua komo ʻo Yegorsha i ka mahi ʻana i ka hua o nā ʻuala. Mahiai ka māla i nā hua kanu o nā ʻano ʻo Meteor, Zhukovsky ma mua, Luck, Bullfinch, Red Scarlett, Ryabinushka, Aurora, Lugovsky, Blue.
Hoʻohui, hoʻokō ka poʻe loea o ka ʻoihana i ka hana hoʻoulu. Māhele ka mahiʻai mahiʻai ʻo "Yegorsha" i ka papahana subprogram "Hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ʻuala a me ka hana ʻana i nā hua ma ka Russian Federation" i loko o ka papahana o ka Federal Scientific and Technical Program no ka Hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mahiʻai no 2017-2025. ʻO ke kumumanaʻo o ka papahana ʻepekema paʻakikī a me ka ʻenehana ʻo ia ka "Creation and seed seed of new Russian hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū o kaʻuala no nā kumu like ʻole." ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka papahana e hana i nā ʻano ʻūlū Lūkia me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka waiwai a me nā ʻano e hiki ai ke hoʻokō i ka noi kiʻekiʻe o nā mea kūʻai aku.
NA MEAAI
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā loea waena ma ka moku i ka ʻoihana ʻo Tula Agricultural College i kapa ʻia ma ka inoa ʻo I.S. Efanov a me ke Kālehana Mahiai ʻo "Bogoroditsky" i kapa ʻia ʻo I.A. Stebut.
Ua kapa ʻia ke Kulanui Mahiai ʻo Tula ma hope o IS Efanov mai ka makahiki 1875 (a laila ua kapa ʻia ke kula aʻo "Tula Real School"). I kēia manawa he kula multidisciplinary, he kula pae kula ʻoihana mokuʻāina he nui.
ʻO nā loea koʻikoʻi: "Agronomy", "Mākohala hana", "Electrification a me automation o ka mahiʻai", "Technology of production and processing of the agriculture products", "Economics and accounting in agriculture", "Operational activities in logistics", "Commerce ( e ka ʻoihana) "," Law and organisation of social security "," Operation and repair of the agricultural machinery and Equipment ", etc.
Hāʻawi ke kula ʻenehana i nā hoʻonaʻauao kumu mua a me ke aʻo ʻana i ka hana ma nā ʻoihana hana (ma lalo o nā papahana "Tractor-driver-machine operator o ka hana ʻoihana", "Master of agriculture production"). Aia he 890 nā haumāna kula.
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke kaona hoʻonaʻauao mokuʻāina no ke ʻano ʻo Tula "Kolepa Kūwila" Bogoroditsky "i kapa ʻia ʻo I.A. Stebut" i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka makahiki 1898. Ke hana nei ke kolamu i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā loea kūikawā: "ʻo Mīnekini Hana", "Electrification a Automation of Agriculture", "Operation and Repair of Agricultural Machinery and Equipment", "Land Property Relations", "Veterinary Medicine", "Zootechnics".
Hiki ke loaʻa ka hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe ma ka mahiʻai ma ka Tula State Pedagogical University. Leo Tolstoy. Ke kono aku nei ke kulanui i nā agrarians e hiki mai i komo i ka Faculty of Technology a me Pāʻoihana, ke alakaʻi o ke aʻo ʻana "Agricultural Engineering" (profile "Technical Systems in Agribusiness").
KA ʻĀHUI
Ma ka moku ʻo Tula, kahi o nā wahi nui loa e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i kaʻuala ma Rūsia, ua nānā nui ʻia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kuhikuhi o ka hana.
Mai ka makahiki 2011, ke hana nei ka wahi i ka mea kanu no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻuala o ka pāʻina o laila, ʻo Max Max Gorky Plus. I ka wā o kāna hana, ua pāpālua ka hui i kāna mana hana a i kēia lā ke noho nei i kahi kūlana nui i kāna niche ma ka'āina. ʻO kēlā me kēia makahiki, ulu ai ka mea kanu i kahi 15 tons o nā ʻalī o nā ʻuala, ʻike nā huahana i nā koi o ke kaʻina hōʻailona hōʻoia FSSC 000.
Wahi a nā hopena o ka wā i hala (2018-2019), ua hoʻokumu ka ʻoihana ma mua o 117 tons o ka ʻuala, nona ka 000 tons o ka huahana i loaʻa. Kahi mahina kēlā me kēia mahina, hoʻokumu ka mea kanu i kahi 14 haneli o nā huahana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma lalo o kāna inoa inoa inoa ʻo "Pyureshka".
ʻO nā mea kūʻai aku o ka hui ma Lūkini he mau mea hana meaʻai nui: ʻo LLC Unilever Rus, LLC Nestle Russia, LLC TPK Biofood, LLC Doshirak Koya, LLC Ruskart a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui. Ma kahi o 40% o nā huahana i hana ʻia he mahina i hōʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia wahi.
I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ʻo ka mea hana uala nui loa ma ka ʻāina, ka māla a Manuk Avetisyan, e hoʻolālā e wehe i kāna mea kanu ponoʻī no ka hana ʻana i nā flakes uala. I Iune 2019, ma ka XXMI St. Petersburg International Economic Forum, ua kau inoa ʻia kahi ʻaelike kūlike ma waena o ke Aupuni o ka Tula Region a me kēlā me kēia mea kālepa ʻo M. Zh. Avetisyan. ʻO ka nui o nā hoʻopukapuka i ka papahana e 1,5 biliona rubles.
No ka 2020, hoʻolālā ka wahi i ka ulu lāʻau kiʻekiʻe no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu a me nā ʻuala ma Miratorg Agribusiness Holding. A ʻo ka ʻoihana, ʻo ka mea e manaʻo ʻia ai he 45 tausani mau makahiki i ka makahiki, e hana no ka pono o nā hale kūʻai a me nā hana hoʻomau. Hāpai nā kālā e pili ana i ka 1,28 bilela o nā rubles.
E lilo ka ʻāpana no ka hoʻōla ʻana o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu i loko o kahi hana i hoʻokau ʻia ai kahi paʻa o ka mahi ʻana, e pili ana i ka kanu ʻana i nā ʻuala, kāloti, nā ʻona a me ke kāleka ma kahi pānaʻi he 3 tausani ʻeka, a me ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā ʻano lau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.
GASTROFESTIVAL
ʻAʻohe mea i ʻike i ka ʻuala i Tula, akā ʻaʻole naʻe kēia kumu ka mahalo ʻole ʻia o kēia moʻomeheu i nā wahi. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke hana me ka ʻole o ka ʻuala i ka lā pule a i ʻole nā lā hoʻomaha. No laila, ma ka lā ʻoi, e hoʻolauna ʻia nei ʻo Tula i ka hopena pule mua o Sepatemaba, no nā makahiki he nui i ka lālani pono ʻia nā malihini āpau o ka hoʻomaha e mālama ʻia i nā pā aniani hou.
I kēia makahiki hoʻi, i ka ʻaha gastro i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e nā luna o ke kūlanakauhale, hoʻokani ʻia ke kuleana nui, ʻoiaʻiʻo, e nā uala - kālua ʻia, hoʻomoʻa ʻia me ka waiūpaʻa, i ka hoʻopiha ʻana i nā pai a me nā pasties - ʻono loa - no ka mea ua ulu lākou i nā wahi kūloko.