Heluna kanaka: 618703 poʻe, a ʻo lākou ma kahi o 30% mau kamaʻāina kaiāulu.
Kahi kūlana honua: aia ka ʻāina ma ka ʻākau komohana o ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o ka ʻāina, he ʻāpana ia o ka North-West Federal District.
Ka aniau: ka pae honua ahuwale, kokoke i ke kai. ʻO ka māhuahua nui, ke kauwela hoʻomaha kau, ke kauwela anuanu, ke kauwela lōʻihi mahana, ke ʻano o ka hoʻoilo. I ka hoʻoilo, kau ke ao me nā ʻōhua thaws pinepine i ka ʻāina. I ke kauwela, ua pinepine ka ua, ka wā pōkole (12-17 mau lā i ka mahina me ka ua). I ka hāʻule, piʻi ke ao me nā noe lōʻihi (12-14 mau lā i ka mahina), ua nui ka ua ma ke ʻano o ka ua hoʻolōʻihi lōʻihi, i Nowemapa, ʻoi aku ka nui ma ke ʻano o ka hau hau.
ʻO ka awelika o ka mahana o ka ea ma ka 4,9 °. ʻIke ʻia ka mākahā pili kiʻekiʻe loa i ka wā hoʻoilo-hoʻoilo, i Nowemapa-Kekemapa hiki i ka palena kiʻekiʻe o 88%. ʻO ka lā awelika o ka hau i ka wā puna ʻo Mei 18, ʻo ka hau mua i ka hāʻule ʻo Sepatemaba 18. ʻO ka lōʻihi maʻamau o ka wā hau-ʻole ka 143 mau lā.
I ka wā ulu (175 mau lā), 400-430 mm o ka heleleʻi e hāʻule (60% o ka maʻamau o ka makahiki). ʻO ke kauwela (manawa mai t ma luna + 10 ° С) mau i 140 mau lā. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi uhi hau paʻa e ka waena o Kekemapa (ʻo ka lā mua loa ʻo Nowemapa 11) a ʻoi aku 110-120 mau lā.
Kokua. Ma ke komohana o ka ʻāina he ʻāina pālahalaha nui ʻo Priilmenskaya, ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe kona kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 60-70 m ma luna o ka ʻilikai. Ma ka hikina, aia ka Valdai Upland me nā kiʻekiʻe o kēlā me kēia me nā kiʻekiʻe loa a i 300 m. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻelua i nā wahi kaʻawale me nā ʻano kōkua liʻiliʻi. Hoʻomaopopo loa ʻia kēia ma loko o ka Valdai Upland.
Nā lepo. Ua hoʻomalu ʻia ka ʻāina e nā lepo soddy-podzolic, pinepine i ka wai i nā kekelē like ʻole. ʻO kā lākou hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona ka mānoanoa haʻahaʻa o ka wā e hiki ai ka arable, acidity kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa o nā mea momona a me nā ʻike humus haʻahaʻa.
ʻĀina ʻāina mahiʻai: 703,3 tausani heka.
ʻO ka Novgorod Region kekahi o nā alakaʻi i ka Northwestern Federal District i ka hana uala. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kēia wahi e ka lepo kūpono a me nā kūlana o ke aniau a me ke kokoke loa i nā mākeke kūʻai nui. Manaʻo ʻia ka ulu ʻana o kaʻuala i ke ala kūpono loa i ka ʻoihana ulu mea kanu. Loaʻa ka loaʻa kālā mai 25 a 45%. ʻO ka maʻamau, ke ulu nei ka nui o ka hana ʻana o kaʻuala i kēlā me kēia makahiki. E hoʻomanaʻo mākou iā ʻoe i ka makahiki 2000 ma ka moku ʻo Novgorod 160-180 tausani mau tona o "berena ʻelua" wale nō i ulu. I ka 2015, ua hoʻohua nā mea hana mahiʻai o ka ʻāina ma mua o 368 tausani tone o kaʻuala, ʻo ia ka 20% ʻoi aku i ka hopena o ka makahiki i hala (me ka hōʻiliʻili nui ʻana i nā ʻoihana mahiʻai i hoʻonui ʻia e 87%, i nā mahiʻai mahiʻai - e 85%). No laila, no kēlā me kēia kamaʻāina o ka ʻāina Novgorod i kēia makahiki aia he 595 kg o kaʻuala ma ka helu o 95 kg.
Ma ka laulā, ua ulu ka hana ʻuala ma 1,7 mau manawa i loko o nā makahiki ʻelima i hala.
No ka hoʻomohala pono ʻana i ka mahiʻai a hoʻonui i ka paʻa kālā o nā mea mahiʻai, pono ke kākoʻo aupuni. Kuhi ʻia kēlā mau hana kākoʻo i loko o ke kumumanaʻo o ka papahana mokuʻāina mokuʻāina "Hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻāpana agro-ʻoihana o ka ʻāina Novgorod no 2014-2020" a me ka papahana pahuhopu nui "Hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻuala e ulu ana a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā loina (hoʻolaha nui) nā kikowaena no ka mālama ʻana, hoʻomākaukau mua a me ke kūʻai aku ʻana o kaʻuala, nā mea kanu a me nā huaʻai i ʻĀina ʻo Novgorod no 2014-2016 ". Ma lalo o kēia mau papahana, loaʻa nā mea hana mahiʻai o ka ʻāina i nā kōkua no ke kūʻai a me ka hana ʻana i nā ʻanoʻano ʻuala, ke kūʻai ʻana i nā pono no ka mālama ʻana, hoʻomākaukau mua a kūʻai aku i kaʻuala, nā mea kanu a me nā huaʻai.
ʻO ka māla ʻuala
Ke hana ʻia nei nā mea e pono ai i ka ʻāina e hoʻonui ai i ka hana ʻana i ka ʻuala kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā mahiʻai mahiʻai a ʻIvana Geletey lāua ʻo Sergei Yakovlev mai ka moku Borovichi e hōʻike mau ana i nā hopena maikaʻi. ʻO Anatoly Lipatov, ʻo Denis Pavlyuk, ʻo Ivan Pireyev mai ka moku ʻo Novgorod. Loaʻa ka hua i loko o lākou i 500 kg / ha.
Loaʻa nā helu kiʻekiʻe i ka mahi ʻana i kaʻuala i kēlā me kēia makahiki i nā mahiʻai o Vladimir Kondranin, ʻo Arbi Kadyrov mai ka moku ʻo Shimsky, ʻo Nikolay Kolesnikov mai ka moku ʻo Soletsky. ʻO ka hua i kēia mau ʻoihana paʻa i ka pae o 250-280 kg / ha.
ʻO nā papahana hou no ka hana ʻana i kaʻuala ma nā ʻāina hou i hoʻolauna ʻia e hoʻokō ʻia nei hoʻi i kēia wahi. Ma ka moku Volotovsky, ua kanu ʻo Novgorodskaya Potato Sistema LLC i 100 mau heketa o kaʻuala i kēia makahiki, 300 c / ha ka hua. I ka makahiki aʻe e manaʻo ana ka ʻoihana e hoʻonui i ka wahi kanu i 300 hectares. Ma ka moku ʻo Soletsky, ua kanu ʻo LLC "Bristol" i ka 460 hectare o kaʻuala, ʻo 350 c / ha ka hua. Aia nā hoʻolālā e hoʻonui i ka wahi i 1200 hectares. Ke hiki i ka hoʻolālā hoʻolālā, ʻo ka nui o ka hana uala e 163 tausani tone.
Kāpena
No ka mālama ʻana, hoʻomākaukau mua kūʻai aku a me ke kūʻai aku ʻana o kaʻuala, kūkulu ʻia ʻekolu mau kikowaena kikowaena i ka ʻāina (ʻelua ma Novgorod a hoʻokahi ma nā moku ʻo Borovichi), hiki ke mālama ʻia a hiki i ka 45 tausani tone o kaʻuala. Hiki i kēia ke hāʻawi i ka heluna kanaka o ka ʻāina me nā huahana kiʻekiʻe loa i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa, hoʻolako i nā ʻuala hou i nā hale kūʻai kaula a kūʻai aku iā lākou ma waho o ka ʻāina, kahi hopena maikaʻi i ka loaʻa kālā o nā mea hana I ka hopena o kēia makahiki, e hoʻokomo ʻia nā hale hana ʻuala hou me ka hiki ke mālama ʻia he 5,1 tausani tona i ka ʻāina. I ka 2016, ua hoʻolālā ʻia e kūkulu i ʻelua mau waihona ʻuala hou ma nā moku ʻo Soletsky a me Shimsky me ka piha o ka waihona he 30 tausani tona.
Ke ulu nei ka hua
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻomohala i ka ulu ʻana o kaʻuala me ka ʻole o nā ʻano hua kiʻekiʻe. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻelima mau mahiʻai ʻuala ma ka moku ʻo Novgorod.
I kēia manawa ke ulu ikaika nei nā ʻoihana. I kēia makahiki, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka wahi ma lalo o nā kanu ʻuala elite e 8% (hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka pae o 2014).
Hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻohua kēia mau māla ma mua o 8 tausani mau tona o nā hua potato zoned o ka hoʻohua kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka hana hou aʻe ka hana ʻana i kahi hale hana no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻano ʻuala ma ke kumu me ka ʻole o ka virus.
Nā kāuli
ʻEkolu mau kula ʻoihana kula haʻahaʻa o ka ʻike mahiʻai a me ka Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources o NovGU e hana kūleʻa nei i ka moku ʻo Novgorod. Hāʻawi lākou i ka ʻāina me nā limahana kūpono. I kēlā me kēia makahiki, hāʻawi kēia mau ʻoihana hoʻonaʻauao i nā diplomas e pili ana i nā loea 400 o ke aʻo kula kiʻekiʻe a me nā loea 50 o ka ʻoihana ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā haumāna puka e hoʻomau i kā lākou ʻoihana hana i nā ʻoihana ahupuaʻa alakaʻi o ka ʻāina.
Nā Hope
ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o ka ʻāpana i ke kahua o ka mahiʻai ka hiki i ka hoʻolako piha ʻana i nā kamaʻāina me nā huahana meaʻai e hana ʻia ma ka ʻāina ʻo Novgorod. I kēia pili, hiki i ke ala e ulu ana i kaʻuala ke lilo i kumu hoʻohālikelike no ke koena. Ua lawa pono ka ʻāina i nā ʻuala i kēia lā. I ka makahiki aʻe ua hoʻolālā ʻia e hana 400 mau tona o kaʻuala, a aia ka hilinaʻi he ʻoiaʻiʻo a he hiki ke hoʻonā ʻia kēia hana.
Loaʻa nā manaʻo i ka ʻāina no nā pūnaewele hoʻopukapuka no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā wahi like ʻole, ua makemake ʻia kekahi o lākou ma muli o ke aniau hoʻopukapuka maikaʻi i hana ʻia ma ia wahi.
Makemake nā luna hoʻoponopono i ka Department of Agriculture and Food of the Novgorod Region no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā mea.