Teritori: 18 sq. km
Ka heluna kanaka: He 1 kanaka, a he 197% ka poe noho o ke kulanakauhale.
He kūlana kiʻi: Aia ka repubalika ma ka hikina o ka Pāpū Hikina Hikina, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka Volga, ma waena o kāna mau kahawai ʻo Sura a me Sviyaga.
Hoʻolaka ʻĀpana ʻāina me nā kau ʻokoʻa, ʻike ʻia e ka hoʻoilo hau a me ke kauwela wela. Hāʻule ka ua i ka hoʻoilo a me ke kauwela (mai 450 a 550 mm i kēlā me kēia makahiki).
Aliʻi: paʻakikī a ʻokoʻa. Aia ma ka ʻāina o ka repubalika nā wahi kiʻekiʻe a me nā puʻu, nā awāwa hohonu, nā puʻu dune, nā ʻāina haʻahaʻa.
Nā Kūlana: chernozems, ululāʻau hina, sod-podzolic, aluvial hapa. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa no ka mahiʻai he chernozems, akā haʻahaʻa kā lākou ʻāpana.
ʻĀina ʻāina mahiʻai: 934,6 tausani heka.
ʻO ka Repubalika o Chuvashia kekahi o nā panalāʻau nui o ka ʻāina ʻo Non-Chernozem o Rūsia, a noho maʻamau i kahi kūlana alakaʻi ma waena o nā wahi o ka Volga Federal District e pili ana i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka ʻuala. ʻO ka nui o ka hana ʻana o ka huahana he pālua ia i nā pono o nā kamaʻāina o ka repubalika.
Kahi kanu ʻuala, tausani ha | |||||
2019 makahiki | 2020 makahiki | 2021 makahiki | |||
K(F)X | Nā hui mahiʻai | K(F)X | Nā hui mahiʻai | K(F)X | Nā hui mahiʻai |
3,28 | 3,14 | 2,41 | 2,62 | 2,54 | 2,46 |
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua emi nā kumukūʻai hōʻiliʻili ma ka ʻāpana i hoʻonohonoho ʻia. E like me nā wahi ʻē aʻe o Rūsia, ua ʻike ʻia ka nui o ka ʻuala ma Chuvashia, ua hāʻule nā kumukūʻai no nā huahana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai a ma lalo, a ua nalowale nā mea hana mahiʻai i kēia mea kanu. I ka makahiki 2021, ua hoʻomaka ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻuala, akā ua pale ka wā i ka hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi ʻana: ua paʻi nui nā ʻāina ulu ʻuala e ka maloʻo.
I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia ka mākeke e kahi kūlana kumukūʻai maikaʻi no nā mea hana ʻuala a me nā mea kanu. Ma kēia mea, ua hoʻoholo kekahi mau ʻoihana mahiʻai nui e hoʻonui i ka wahi kanu.
ʻOhi ʻuala nui, tausani keneta | |||||
K(F)X | Nā hui mahiʻai | ||||
2019 makahiki | 2020 makahiki | 2021 makahiki | 2019 makahiki | 2020 makahiki | 2021 makahiki |
873,35 | 550,24 | 532,02 | 879,74 | 626,23 | 544,69 |
Hua ʻuala, c/ha | |||
2019 makahiki | 2020 makahiki | 2021 makahiki | |
K(F)X | 267,8 | 228,3 | 241,8 |
Nā hui mahiʻai | 283,3 | 239,6 | 222,6 |
Ke alakaʻi nei i nā ʻoihana ulu ʻuala
ʻO 267 mau ʻoihana mahiʻai e hana nei i ka mahi ʻana i ka ʻuala ma ka repubalika, kahi o 50 hiki ke helu ʻia he nui (kahi kanu ʻia ma luna o 32 mau ʻeka).
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hana nui ma Batyrevsky, Kozlovsky, Komsomolsky municipal districts. He 43,3% ka nui o ka ʻuala ma ka ʻāpana waiwai nui (2205 ha).
ʻO ka ʻoihana ulu ʻuala nui loa ma ka Repubalika Chuvash i manaʻo pono ʻia ʻo ka hui o nā hui "Glory to the Potato" (i alakaʻi ʻia e Idiatullin Khasiyatulla Semigullovich). ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana ameliorative hou, ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kanu o nā reproductions kiʻekiʻe o nā ʻano hua kiʻekiʻe o nā koho kūloko a me nā ʻāina ʻē - ʻo kēia ke kī i ka ʻoihana ʻuala kūleʻa no 20 mau makahiki.
ʻO ka nui o ka nui o ka mahiʻai ʻuala i 2021 he 680 ʻeka.
Hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻoihana o ka hui o nā ʻoihana me nā keʻena mālama ʻuala hou me nā ʻōnaehana microclimate i kāohi ʻia. I kēlā me kēia makahiki, ma ke kumu o ka Pūʻulu o nā ʻoihana, mālama ʻia ka lā o ka māla ʻuala me ke komo ʻana o nā mea hana o nā mīkini mahiʻai, nā mea hoʻolako i nā huahana pale mea kanu, a me nā mea hana mahiʻai.
ʻO nā wahi koʻikoʻi no ka mahi ʻana i ka ʻuala i hāʻawi ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma ka ʻoihana ʻo Peasant (mahiʻai) o Semenov Ivan Vasilyevich. I ka makahiki 2021, ua ulu ka mahiʻai i ka ʻuala ma kahi o 190 mau ʻeka. Hoʻohana ikaika ka ʻoihana i nā ʻōnaehana reclamation i kāna hana, hoʻonui i ka hiki ke mālama.
Ma waena o nā alakaʻi e pili ana i ka hana ʻuala ma ka repubalika, hiki i kekahi ke papa inoa i ka mahiʻai ʻo Peasant (mahiʻai) o Yamukov Gennady Nikolaevich, LLC Agrofirma Tayabinka, LLC Agrofirma Istok. Hoʻohana nā mahiʻai i nā ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe, hoʻohana i nā mea hana i hoʻopiha ʻia i ka ikehu hou.
Kāpena
Ma ka laulā, hāʻawi ʻia ka repubalika me nā mana no ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻuala. ʻO ka huina o nā hale mālama no ka mālama ʻana i hoʻokahi manawa he 180 tausani tons, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o ka hana ma ka ʻāpana nui. I ka manawa like, pono nā hale mālama e hiki ai ke mālama i ka wā lōʻihi (a hiki i ʻApelila-Mei) me ka ʻole o ka nalowale o ka maikaʻi.
Nā kākoʻo kākoʻo
No ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ulu ʻuala i ka repubalika, hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻano kākoʻo mokuʻāina:
- ka uku o ka hapa o nā kumukūʻai no ke kūʻai ʻana i nā hua elite o nā mea kanu mahiʻai - a hiki i 80% o nā kumukūʻai;
- kākoʻo pili ʻole i ke kahua o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā mea kanu (no ka 1 ha o ka wahi kanu);
- nā kōkua no ke kūʻai ʻana i nā mīkini mahiʻai (me ka hoʻolimalima) - a hiki i 40% o ke kumukūʻai;
- nā haʻawina no ke kūʻai ʻana i nā lako hoʻolaʻa ʻāina - a hiki i 50% o nā koina;
- nā kōkua i ka hana o ka hana e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka momona o ka lepo - a hiki i 90% o nā koina;
- hāʻawi ʻoluʻolu;
- ka uku o 20% o nā kumukūʻai pololei i loaʻa no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale mālama ʻuala.
ʻO ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i ka hua
Ma Chuvash Republic, hoʻomau ka hana i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻano ʻuala hou (ke alakaʻi nei nā mea hānai o ka Chuvash Research Institute of Agriculture i kēia kuhikuhi) a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea kanu kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ka hui o nā hui "Glory to Potato" ke hoʻokō nei i kahi papahana e hoʻokumu i kahi koho a me kahi kikowaena kanu hua ma ke kumu o LLC "Agrofirma" Glory to Potato - Yalchiki ". Hana ka mea kanu i ke keʻena hana no ka hoʻolaha microclonal o nā mea kanu.
ʻO Agrofirma Glory to Potato - Ke hana maikaʻi nei ʻo Yalchiki LLC no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea kanu kumu mua (microplants, minitubers, 1st field generation, super-superelite), elite seed potatoes (superelite, elite).
Ma ke ʻano o ka papahana, ua ulu ʻo ASK-Yalchiki LLC i nā ʻano ʻano hoʻohiki hou: Meteor, Gulliver, Flame, Krasa Meshchery.
ʻO ka papa inoa o nā māla hua no ka uala pū kekahi me ka Chuvash Research Institute of Agriculture - kahi lālā o ka Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "FANC o ka North-East i kapa ʻia ma hope o N.V. Rudnitsky, LLC Agrofirma Slava Potato, LLC Agrofirma Tayabinka, LLC Agrokhmel. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka papa inoa i kēlā me kēia makahiki e ka lālā o ka Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" ma Chuvash Republic.
Hoʻopili hou
Ke hana nei kekahi mau ʻoihana hana ʻuala ma ka ʻāina o ka repubalika. ʻEkolu o kēia mau mea kūikawā i ka hana ʻana i ka starch potato: NPO Promservis JSC (non-food starch), Chuvashenkrakhmal LLC, a me Poretsky Starch OJSC. ʻElua mau ʻoihana e hana i nā ʻuala maloʻo: TAV LLC a me K (F) Kh Gafarov I.T. Apana Shemurshinsky.
Hāʻawi ʻia nā mea e ka ʻoihana o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā mea kanu, mechanization, chemicalization a me ka pale o nā mea kanu o ka Ministry of Agriculture o ka Chuvash Republic.