ʻO Alexander Rudnikov, ke poʻo o ka Office Representative GRIMME ma ka Lepupalika Belarus
Ma kahi o 1,1 miliona mau ʻuala i ulu i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka ʻenehana ʻoihana o ka Repubalika o Belarus. ʻO nā ʻoihana nui ʻelua (lehulehu a me kahi pilikino) a me nā mahiʻai liʻiliʻi, ka mea e ulu nei mai kēlā makahiki a kēia makahiki, e hāʻawi i kēia hopena.
Hale kanu lāʻau Tolochin
Wahi Vitebsk, moku ʻo Tolochinsky
Kahi ʻāina mahiʻai - ʻoi aku ma mua o 8 tausani hectares, ma kahi o 900 hectares ma lalo o kaʻuala
Luna Hoʻokele - Anatoly Vasilievich Anyukhovsky
ʻO kekahi o nā ʻoihana mua loa ma Belarus (kūkulu ʻia i 1906). Mai ka 2006, he lālā ʻo ia o ka Scientific and Practical Center o ka National Academy of Science for Potato and Hortikultura.
Hoʻopili ka mea kanu i ka mahi ʻana i kaʻuala, nā hua a me nā ʻailala, a me kā lākou ʻanoʻano; alakaʻi i ka mahiʻai mahiʻai; he wahi kūʻai aku a me ka lawelawe ʻana i ka hale lawelawe; ʻO ia kahi mea hana nui o nā huahana mahiʻai: hoʻohua i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma kahi o 1 mau tona o kaʻuala, 6 miliona lita o nā wai a me nā nectars, 810 tausani decaliters o nā hua a me nā hua berry.
ʻO ka ʻaoʻao “ʻuala” ka lōʻihi o kekahi o nā kī nui no ka ʻoihana. Ma ke kumu o ka Tolochin cannery, ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano mea hou, i hana ʻia e nā ʻepekema o ka Scientific and Practical Center o ka National Academy of Science for Potato and Horticulture; hana ʻia a kūʻai ʻia i kahi nui o nā uala hua a kūʻai aku i nā mahiʻai o ka ʻāina.
Ma ka laulā, ulu ʻia he 45-48 tausani mauʻuala ma aneʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki me ka hua o 500 a ʻoi aku c / ha.
Mai ka 2015, ua hoʻokomo ka mea kanu i kahi paʻakikī piha no ka mālama ʻana i kaʻuala, i hoʻolako ʻia me nā pono hana no ka hana mua o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā huahana. Hoʻouna ʻia kahi ʻāpana nui o ia mea no ka lawe aku i Rukia, a mai 2019 a i Ukraine.
I ka hapahā mua o 2021, hoʻolālā ka pahu lāʻau wai Tolochin e hoʻokomo i kahi hale kūʻai kūwewe wikiwiki. Maʻaneʻi lākou e hana ai i nā ʻalani Palani mai kā lākou iho pono pono, e hoʻohana ana i ka ʻenehana kūpona kūloko o ka pālahalaha a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o ka pale lahilahi (wai a me ka hoʻomaloʻo maloʻo). ʻO ka hiki o ka laina 3,6 tausani tona i kēlā me kēia makahiki, inā pono, hiki ke pālua ʻia. E hoʻokō piha ka hana i nā pono o ka repubalika i kēia ʻano huahana a me nā lako e hoʻolilo ai i nā mea kūʻai aku.
ʻO ka mahiʻai mahiʻai ʻo "Diana"
ʻĀina ʻo Mogilev, ʻāpana ʻo Shklov
ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka ʻāina mahiʻai ma mua o 3 tausani hectares, a ma kahi o 1000 hectares ma lalo o kaʻuala
Ke poʻo o ka mahiʻai - Vladimir Isakovich Malinovsky
ʻO ka mahiʻai mahiʻai ʻo "Diana" kahi o nā ʻoihana mahiʻai pilikino pilikino nui a kūleʻa loa hoʻi i Belarus.
Ua hana ʻia ka mahiʻai i ʻOkakopa 1991 e Vladimir Isakovich lāua ʻo Svetlana Stefanovna Malinovskiy, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka inoa o ka ʻoihana no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ke kaikamahine a nā mahiʻai. Hoʻomaka ka hana ma 50 hectares o ka ʻāina.
Mai ka makahiki 1996, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka mahiʻai ʻo Diana i loko o ka State Register of Producers, Procenders of Grain Seeds, Legume, Oilseeds a me kaʻuala.
I kēia lā ʻo nā mea kanu nui no ka ʻoihana ka uala, ka palaoa hoʻoilo, hoʻoheheʻe i ka hoʻoilo. Hana ka mahiʻai i ka hana hua o ka hoʻoilo rapeseed, hoʻoilo a me nā puna cereal; he mahi elite no ka uala
I ka makahiki 2019, ua ʻike ʻia ka mahi mahi ʻai ʻo Diana ma ke ʻano he mea hana uala nui loa ma ka Lepubalika o Belarus: ma kahi o 1000 tausani mau tona o nā huahana i loaʻa mai kahi o 58 hectares.
Ulu ka mahiʻai i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ʻewalu a ʻumi mau ʻano ʻuala, o nā hui oʻo. Hōʻike ʻia nā mea i loaʻa i ke koho Belarusian a me ʻEulopa i ka laina varietal. ʻO ka hua waena he 600 c / ha.
Kūʻai ʻia nā papa uala i nā kaulahao kūʻai Belarusian, a me nā ʻāina ʻē (i nā makahiki ʻelua i hala aku nei, ʻo ka hapanui iā Ukraine)
ʻO ka mahiʻai mahiʻai ʻo "Diana" nona ka nui o nāʻauwaʻa o kēia manawa o nā mīkini, ʻo ia hoʻi, me nā mea ʻohi ʻuala GRIMME ʻehiku. Nānā nui ka ʻoihana i ka hoʻolauna ʻana o nā ʻenehana o ka "mahiai pono".
He 70 mau limahana o ka mahiʻai; i ka wā e ʻohiʻohi ai, piʻi ka helu i 150.
FH "Grigory and Sons"
ʻĀpana ʻo Brest, ʻāpana ʻo Luninets
Kahi i lūlū ʻia - ma kahi o 500 hectare, kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai he 250 hectare no ka ʻuala, a hiki i ka 200 hectare - no nā kāloti, 50 hectares - no nā beets pākaukau
Ke poʻo o ka mahiʻai - Grigory Alekseevich Bogdan
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka mahiʻai ma 2003 e Grigory Alekseevich Bogdan. Ua hoʻomaka ia me 44 hectares. ʻAneʻane mai ka lā i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka ʻoihana, ua hana ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa o ka mahiʻai i nā māla: kāna wahine ʻo Olga Vasilievna Bogdan a me ʻekolu mau keikikāne: Alexey, Dmitry a me Andrey. Pono lākou e haku i nā pae a pau o ka hana mahiʻai "mai A a Z".
I kēia lā ua hana ka mahiʻai i ka mahi ʻana o ka ʻuala, nā kāloti a me ka beetroot, a hoʻomohala hoʻi i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻanoʻano: ka hana ʻana i nā ʻuala hua o ʻEulopa (Riviera, Colomba, Bernina, Madeira, Queen Anna), a me nā Belarusian (Vectar) ʻano nui. . Aia ke koʻikoʻi i ke koho ʻana o ʻEulopa, no ka mea, e like me nā mea nona ka mahiʻai, Kelemania a me nā ʻano Dutch i kēia manawa i koi nui ʻia ma ka mākeke. Ma kahi o 30% o ka ʻāpana i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia no ka mahi ʻana i kaʻuala hua. I kēlā me kēia kau, lawe mai ka mahiʻai i kahi o 100-150 mau tona o nā hua hua mai ʻEulopa, a nona nā ʻano hua he 40-60. I ka 2021, ua kūʻai ka hui i nā uala elite o nā ʻano Donata a me Ricarda.
Kūʻai nui ʻia nā huahana i ka Russian Federation (80%), i Ukraine, i Moldova, a i ka mākeke kūloko.
Loaʻa i ka ʻoihana kahi laina piha o ka pono o kaʻuala mai nā mea hana nui o ʻEulopa a hoʻolako ʻia me nā wahi e waiho ai nā mea kanu o kēia mau lā (me ka nui o 20 tone). I ka hopena o 000, ua kūʻai ka māla i nā pono hana no ka holoi ʻana a me ka wahī ʻana i ka ʻuala a hoʻolālā e hoʻokomo i ka hana ma Iulai i kēia makahiki.
No ka hoʻuwai wai, ka hapanui ma nā lūlū hua, hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano ʻano pahu. Akā e kūʻai ana ka ʻoihana i nā mīkini pōʻai i ka wā e hiki mai ana a hāʻawi i ka wai i 60-70% o ka wahi.
Hoʻohana ka mahiʻai i 15 mau kānaka ma ke kumu paʻa, a i ka wā o ka ʻohiʻohi ʻana piʻi ka helu o nā limahana i 50.
ʻOiai ʻo kekahi o nā poʻo o ka mahiʻai, ʻo Aleksey Bogdan, nā memo, ʻaʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia nā ʻuala ware he hua maikaʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Kōkua ia i ka hui e hoʻopuka i kaʻuala a me nā mea kanu. Hoʻāʻo ka mahiʻai e hoʻopukapuka i ka hopena e loaʻa ai ka waiwai a me nā ʻenehana e kōkua i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā hua a me ka mākeke.
"He ʻumikūmālima mau makahiki i hala aku nei, i ka hoʻomaka mua o kā mākou hana, ua ulu mākou i nā huahana o ke ʻano awelika," wahi a Aleksey Bogdan, "a laila ʻaʻohe mea nui: ʻaʻole nānā pono ka mea kūʻai mai i ke ʻano o kaʻuala, ʻo ka mea nui ka loaʻa ka leo. Akā i kēlā me kēia makahiki ua lilo ka huahana i mea paʻakikī e kūʻai aku, pono mākou e kūkulu hou a hoʻololi i kā mākou ala. I kēlā me kēia makahiki hoʻomaikaʻi mākou i kā mākou ʻenehana, kūʻai mai i nā pono hou, a hoʻolauna i nā mea hou. Kūpono kā mākou huahana i kēia manawa i nā koi koʻikoʻi o ka mākeke, a ʻo kēia ke ʻano nui no ka kūleʻa. Inā ʻaʻohe mea maikaʻi, hiki ʻole ke loaʻa ka loaʻa kālā ma ke kumu kūʻai o ka leo, hiki i kēia ala ke alakaʻi i nā lilo wale. "
ʻO LLC "BelTrufSmak"
ʻĀpana Minsk, ʻāpana ʻo Logoisk
Luna Hoʻokele - Daria Olegovna Nedroshlyanskaya
Kahi i lūlū ʻia - 700 hectares, nona ka nui he 130 mau ʻeka ma lalo o kaʻuala
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻoihana e kahi hui o nā mahiʻai Farani. Ma mua, ua hoʻolako lākou i kā lākou huahana iā Rūsia, akā me ka hoʻolauna ʻana o ka embargo, pono e hoʻopau ʻia ke kālepa. Ua hoʻoholo nā mea kālepa ʻaʻole e nalo i ka mākeke kūʻai aku a wehe i ka hana ʻana o ka pākaukau papa ma kahi ʻāina me kahi aniau maikaʻi a me kahi wahi maʻamau me ka Russian Federation. Ua kūlike ka Lepupalika o Belarus i kēia mau ʻano.
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka mahiʻai ma 2015. ʻO ka nui o nā hoʻopukapuka kālā i ʻoi aku ma mua o 1 euro.
Ua hoʻohui nā mea hoʻokumu i ka inoa o ka ʻoihana mai ʻekolu mau ʻāpana: "bel" - ʻo ia hoʻi Belarusian; Pili ʻo "Truf" me kahi hua aʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi, kahi mea i ulu i ka lepo; a ʻo "relish" ka mea, ʻono.
I kēia lā e hana nei ka ʻoihana i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻano mea like ʻole o ke koho ʻana o ʻEulopa (Bavaria-Saat, Solana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), akā kūʻai wale ʻia nā hua mai nā mea hana Farani. E like me ka wehewehe ʻana o ka luna o ka mahiʻai ʻo Daria Nedroshlyanskaya, koi aku nā mea hoʻokumu i kēia mea, no ka mea ʻike maikaʻi lākou i ka mālama pono ʻana o nā mea kanu hua Palani i ka hana ʻana o nā ʻanoʻano - mai nā ala i ka mālama ʻana i nā huahana, ka pale ʻana iā lākou mai nā maʻi, a me ka hopena me nā ʻano subtleties e hoʻomākaukau ana. nā hua no ke kūʻai aku (calibrating iā lākou ma lalo o ka nui like), kahi e kōkua nui ai i ke kaʻina o ke kanu ʻana a me ka helu ʻana i ka helu lūlū hua.
I kēlā me kēia makahiki, hoʻonui ʻia ka lawe ʻana mai o nā ʻanoʻano me nā pilikia hou. "Hoʻāʻo mākou e hoʻokō i nā kūlana āpau," i ʻōlelo ai ka luna o ka ʻoihana i ka pilikia, "lawe mākou i nā laʻana, hoʻolilo i nā tubers no ka loiloi a lawe i nā ʻano kuleana āpau ʻaʻole e kūʻai hou i nā mea kanu a kūʻai aku paha ia no ka lawe wale aku wale nō, akā ʻike ʻole mākou i ka palekana ʻole no ka mea ʻaʻole mākou ʻike i ka mea e hiki mai. i kēia makahiki aʻe ".
I ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka hana, alakaʻi ʻia ka mahiʻai e nā laʻana o ʻEulopa. "Kikoʻī loa kā mākou poʻe hoʻokumu i kā lākou hana, ʻo kēlā me kēia mea liʻiliʻi, he mea nui kēlā me kēia kikoʻī iā lākou, mālama lākou i kaʻuala e like me ka hua manu a koi i ka mea like mai iā mākou. He mea nui loa kēia inā e nānā ʻoe i ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka nui, ”hoʻohui ke poʻo o ka ʻoihana.
Hoʻohana ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka palaoa i nā cereal, rapeseed a me ka palaoa, i hiki ai i ka mahiʻai ke hoʻohana pono i ka ʻāina a hoʻi i ke kula me kaʻuala i kēlā me kēia ʻehā mau makahiki.
Mai ka makahiki mua o ka hana, ua hoʻolauna ka mahiʻai i nā pono wai. "Hoʻohui ka wai i 20 mau ton i kēlā me kēia hectare iā mākou," i ʻōlelo ʻo Daria Nedroshlyanskaya, "a hāʻawi ʻia ʻaʻole kūpaʻa ke kūlana me ka ua maoli no nā makahiki ʻekolu i hala, hoʻopakele ka wai i kēia hanana."
I ka wā o ka hana, ua loaʻa i ka hui o ka ʻoihana ʻeono ʻohi. I ka mua, ʻekolu wale nō ʻano o kaʻuala i ulu, a laila hoʻonui ʻia ka laina i ʻeono.
Hoʻokumu ʻia ke koho ʻana o nā ʻano like ʻole i nā pono o nā mea kūʻai mai, a me ka hua, ke kūpono no ka mahi ʻana ma kahi ʻāpana i hāʻawi ʻia (ʻo ke ʻano o ka mahiʻai he ʻāina peat), a noʻonoʻo ʻia ke kūpaʻa maʻi. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kekahi mau ʻano mai ka hana ʻana inā ʻaʻole kūleʻa ka ʻike me lākou, hoʻolauna ʻia nā huahana hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki e pani iā lākou.
"He mau hoʻokolohua hoihoi loa kā mākou," i ʻōlelo ʻia e ka luna o ka mahiʻai, "i ka wā i lawe ʻia mai ai nā ʻano mea ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia i ka Repubalika o Belarus me kahi palapala kūikawā mai ke Kuhina mahiʻai mai: no ka laʻana, Sheri, Sissi (ma lalo o ke kuleana e kūʻai aku āpau nā ʻuala ulu no ka hoʻolilo). Ua loaʻa iā mākou nā hopena maikaʻi i kēlā manawa. "
Kuhi ʻia ka hapa nui o nā mahi o ka mahiʻai. ʻO nā kuhikuhi nui ka Russian Federation, Moldova, Ukraine, Serbia, Georgia. Loaʻa nā noi mai nā ʻāina ʻē, akā ʻaʻole wau i ʻike me lākou. Hoʻololi ka nui o nā lako i kēlā me kēia ʻāina i kēlā me kēia makahiki no nā kumu kumu. I ka makahiki i hala he hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi ma Lūkia, a ua hoʻouna ʻia ka mahiʻai i 10 mau kaʻa wale nō ma laila, a i kēia makahiki ke hele nei ke kahe nui o nā mea ulu.
Hoʻolako ʻia ka ʻoihana me nā pono hana no ka holoi ʻana a me ka ʻūlū ʻana i kaʻuala (mai ka 1 a i ka 25 kg) a hoʻāʻo e kūʻai aku i kaʻuala me ka waiwai i hoʻohui ʻia kiʻekiʻe loa.
Hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo he noho paʻa ka mahiʻai i kāna niche i ka mākeke. "I ka hoʻomaka he paʻakikī loa ia no mākou," hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Daria Nedroshlyanskaya, "akā i kēia manawa he" mea ponoʻī "kā mākou mea kūʻai aku. ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia ka hoʻokūkū, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia ma mua o ka maikaʻi ʻole. "
Ke manaʻo nei ka ʻoihana e pili ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana, akā ʻaʻole mākaukau e neʻe i kēia ʻanuʻu a hiki i ka hoʻonā ʻia ʻana o ka pilikia o ka hoʻonui ʻana i kahi e waiho ai, a koi kēia i nā hoʻopukapuka koʻikoʻi. "I kēia manawa ke hoʻonui nei mākou i ka noi, ke ulu nei ke kumukūʻai," wahi a ke poʻo o ka ʻoihana, "i kēlā mau manawa, mihi wale ʻoe no ka mea ʻaʻohe wahi mālama kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke waiho i nā ʻuala hou, no ka mea, e kūʻai lilo ʻia ke koena. i ka hoʻomaka o ke kau, ma ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa ”.
Ke hōʻuluʻulu nei i nā hopena o kēia loiloi liʻiliʻi, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia e kū nei nā mea kanu ʻuala Belarusian i nā paʻakikī like me nā Lūkini: aia kekahi mau kau e pilikia ai ka ʻoihana mai nā pōʻino o ke aniau a me ka pono ʻole o ka hua. akā ʻo nā makahiki o ka overproduction a me nā pilikia kūʻai lilo aku i mea paʻakikī. He ala hoʻokahi ko kēlā me kēia kanaka: e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ka ʻenehana hoʻoulu, e hana ana e loaʻa ka huahana kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e koi mau ʻia ma ka mākeke.