ʻO ka pāpā ʻana o EU i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka chlorprofam ma ke ʻano he anti-sprouting agent no ka ʻuala ua paʻa mai ka makahiki i hala. Ma kēia kūlana, ʻōlelo ka poʻe loea ʻEulopa ʻo ka hopena kūpono loa ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana kūpono a me nā kūlana haʻahaʻa i loko o ka hale mālama.
ʻO ka ʻuala ʻuala kahi mea ola kahi e hana ai kekahi mau kaʻina physiological a biochemical. ʻO nā kūlana mālama kūpono ʻole e alakaʻi i ka nalowale nui o ka nui o ka tuber. E noʻonoʻo i kahi e moe ai nā ʻuala no ka manawa lōʻihi.
Pono e hoʻokaʻawale koke ʻia ka ʻuala ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana no ka wehe ʻana i ka lepo a me nā ʻuala maʻi, ʻo ia ke kumu o nā maʻi bacterial a me nā fungal.
A laila, ma kahi o 1-2 mau pule ma hope o ka mālama ʻana, hele ka ʻuala i kahi manawa o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no kahi kūlana dormant, i ka manawa o ka hanu ikaika a me ka evaporation e mau ana, e alakaʻi ana i ka nalowale o kekahi starch, wai a me nā huaora. Ua uhi ʻia ka epidermis me ka ʻōpala, a hoʻōla ʻia ka hana ʻino i ka wā o ka ʻohi ʻana. No ka hana pono o kēia kaʻina hana, pono e mālama i kahi mahana o 10-18 ° C a me kahi haʻahaʻa o 90-95%.
ʻO kahi ʻano ʻē aʻe e komo ai nā ʻuala i ka wā e mālama ai ʻo ia ka refrigeration, ʻo ke kumu nui o ia ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā ʻuala no ka dormancy. ʻO ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana ma kahi o ʻekolu pule a ʻo ia ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka ea wela i 2-10 ° C (e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka ʻuala a me ke kuhikuhi o kona hoʻohana ʻana) a me ka mālama ʻana i ka haʻahaʻa o ka ea ma kahi pae like me ka pae mua.
Ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina ma hope o ka waiho ʻana o nā ʻuala i loko o ka waihona ʻuala, komo lākou i kahi manawa o ka dormancy piha. No nā ʻano papaʻaina, ʻo ka mahana o ka mālama ʻana he 4-6 ° C, nā hua ʻuala: 2-4 ° C, nā ʻuala meaʻai: 6-8 ° C, a mālama maikaʻi ʻia nā ʻuala no ka hana ʻoihana ma 2-4 ° C. Manaʻo ʻia ka haʻahaʻa ea 85-90%. He ʻano genetic ka dormancy a ʻokoʻa mai ka cultivar, akā hiki ke mālama ʻia nā ʻuala a hiki i ʻewalu mahina ma lalo o nā kūlana mālama.
He mea koʻikoʻi ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana mālama kūpono no ka mālama ʻana i ka maikaʻi o nā mea maka. Ke emi ka haʻahaʻa o ka ea ma mua o ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, e nalowale koke nā ʻōpala i ka wai, maloʻo, a ma kahi haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe, hoʻomaka nā kaʻina pala.
He hopena koʻikoʻi ka mahana o ka ea i ka nui o ka hanu ʻana o nā tubers - inā kiʻekiʻe ka mahana, ʻoi aku ka hanu ʻana, e alakaʻi ana i ka nalowale o ka nui o ka tubers. Eia kekahi, kōkua nā mahana kiʻekiʻe i ka ulu ʻana o nā maʻi fungal.
ʻAʻole maikaʻi loa ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, no ka mea ke alakaʻi nei ia i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka ʻono a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā kō i loko o nā ʻōpala.
Hiki i nā mea kanu ʻuala ʻEulopa ke pilikia i ka mālama ʻana i kēia makahiki ma muli o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka hoʻomākaukau chlorprofam. Akā, hāʻawi nā mea hana hoʻomalu mea kanu i nā mea hoʻopiʻi kūlohelohe e like me maleic hydrazide ma ke ʻano o ka paʻakai choline, ka ʻaila peppermint, ka aila ʻalani a i ʻole 1,4-dimethylnaphthalene.
He mea hoihoi nui ka aila ʻalani no ka mea e pale ana i ka germination a hiki i ʻekolu pule (he manawa lōʻihi loa no ka mea hoʻopuʻi kūlohelohe). Hiki ke kūʻai koke ʻia ka ʻuala ma hope o ka noi ʻana o ka huahana, ʻaʻohe manawa kali. ʻO ka nui i ʻōlelo ʻia he 100 ml / 1000 kg o nā ʻuala ʻuala. Manaʻo ka mea hana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma hope koke o ka puka ʻana o nā wana mua. Pono e hana ʻia nā kaʻina hana ma kahi o 21 mau lā.
ʻO kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau koʻikoʻi ʻo 1,4-dimethylnaphthalene, he hormone e hoʻolōʻihi i ka dormancy kūlohelohe o nā ʻuala. ʻO ka nui o ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau he 20 ml no 1 ton o nā ʻuala ʻuala, a hiki ke hoʻohana koke ʻia ma hope o ka waiho ʻana i nā ʻuala i loko o kahi mālama. Manaʻo ka mea hana i ka hana ʻana i nā kaʻina hana me ka manawa o ka liʻiliʻi o 28 mau lā me ka helu kiʻekiʻe o ka mālama ʻana - 6 i ka wā mālama holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole like me ka ʻaila ʻalani, he 30 mau lā e kali ai kēia mea. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano hana ʻelua me nā mea hana aerosol i nā keʻena mālama ventilated.