Soltan Basiev, Gorsky State Agrarian University
I mea e koi ʻia ai kahi ʻano ʻuala i waena o nā mea mahiʻai o ka North Caucasus Federal District, pono ia i ka wā mua o ka ʻōʻo ʻana, canteen no kāna kumu i manaʻo ʻia, kū i ka nematode gula a loaʻa ka ʻiʻo keʻokeʻo. Eia naʻe, ʻo kēia pūʻulu o nā hiʻohiʻona, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole paʻa a ʻaʻole honua no kahi ʻāina e komo pū ana nā panalāʻau me nā kūlana kūlohelohe a me nā ʻano climatic. E heluhelu hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia ma ka hālāwai ninaninau me Soltan Basiev, Kauka o ka Agricultural Sciences, Kumu, Poʻo o ka 'Oihana o ka Mahiai, Plant Growing, Breeding a me Seed Ulu, Kumu o Agronomy, Gorsky State Agrarian University, Repubalika o North Ossetia-Alania.
Ke hana nei ʻo Gorsky Agrarian University i ke koho ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i nā hua ʻuala no kahi o 13 mau makahiki, he manawa pōkole kēia, no ka mea
ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻano like ʻole he 12-15 mau makahiki. ʻO nā hana a nā mea hoʻolale e hoʻokumu i nā ʻano kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me nā hybrids. Loaʻa ka ʻae ʻana i nā huahana hou ma nā māla o Zolsky Potato LLC. Ke komo pū nei nā ʻepekema i ka hana ʻana i nā microplants a me nā minituber o kā lākou ʻano ʻuala ponoʻī. Hoʻoulu ʻia nā minitubers i nā kūlana phytosanitary maʻemaʻe o ke kuahiwi mauna o ka Repubalika o North Ossetia
- Alanya, ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1400 mika ma luna o ka ʻilikai. Eia ka hale hānai hōʻiliʻili o ke kulanui, e ulu ana ma mua o 100 mau ʻano ʻuala o ka koho kūloko a me nā haole. Ke alakaʻi nei ke kulanui i nā hana ma ka ulu ʻana i nā microplants ʻuala i loko o kāna paʻakikī agro-biotechnological ponoʻī.
OLELO HOOLAHA O KA HANA UALA
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o ka ʻuala ʻo ia kona wā oʻo. Ma ka ʻāina o ka North Caucasian Federal District, makemake ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻano āpau o kēia ʻano, aia nā mea āpau i ka ʻāina mahiʻai kūikawā. No ka laʻana, ma North Ossetia, hiki iā ʻoe ke ulu i ka wanaʻao, a me ka waena ma mua, a me ka waena, a me nā ʻano ʻano o ka ʻuala. Ma nā puʻu o ka North Caucasus - ma Kabardino-Balkaria, nā ʻāpana o Karachay-Cherkessia, Ingushetia, Chechnya - loaʻa nā mea mahiʻai i nā ʻohi maikaʻi o nā ʻano hope. A ma Dagestan, ʻoi aku ka maloʻo o ke aniau, no laila, pili wale nā ʻano mua i laila.
Ma keʻano laulā, hāʻawi nā mea hānai e hana ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano no ka North Caucasus i ka mea nui i nā ʻano mua (mai ka hapa nui.
ʻāpana o nā ʻāina hiki ke loaʻa i ʻelua mau mea kanu ʻuala).
ʻO ka maikaʻi koʻikoʻi aʻe o ka ʻano like ʻole ke kūʻē i nā pathogens like ʻole. ʻO ke ao holoʻokoʻa ka maʻi weliweli loa no ka ʻuala
ʻike ʻia ka late blight. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopōʻino nui i ka ʻoihana o ka North Caucasus. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻopilikia pinepine ʻia ka ʻuala i ko mākou ʻāina e rhizoctonia, nā maʻi o ka fungal kumu (maʻamau scab, powdery, fusarium, etc.), nā maʻi viral,
pono no hoi e noonooia e ka poe hanau. I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kūʻē ʻana i ka nematode gula, no ka mea, nui nā māla i loaʻa i kēia pest.
Mai poina kākou ua māhele ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole e like me ke kumu.
ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o ka hana a Gorsky SAU breeders he mau ʻano papaʻaina, akā ke hoʻāʻo nei mākou e hana i nā ʻano ʻano no ka hana ʻana. ʻAʻole hiki ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā hopena ma kēia kuhikuhi, akā ua maopopo iaʻu inā loaʻa nā manawa a me nā poʻe makemake e hana i kēia, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia nā mea āpau.
Eia kekahi, kūpono no ka mālama ʻana i ka wā lōʻihi, ka hua a, ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi, ʻo ka hōʻike ʻana o nā tubers he mea nui loa ia no ka kūleʻa o ka ʻano.
Ma North Ossetia, no ka laʻana, ʻaʻole koi ʻia nā ʻano me ka ʻiʻo melemele. Manaʻo wau ʻo ke kumu nui ʻo Ossetian pies.
me ka ʻuala, kahi i ʻoi aku ka nani o ka hoʻopiha keʻokeʻo. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻuala melemele, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā carotenoids, nā meaʻai, akā ʻaʻole ʻike ka poʻe he nui.
Nā mākaʻikaʻi
Hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano ʻano i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka State Register of Breeding Achievements i loko o ka waihona o nā mea hoʻohua o ke Kulanui Agrarian State Gorsky - Ossetian.
He ʻano waena kēia no ka hoʻohana papaʻaina. ʻOkoʻa i nā ʻono maikaʻi loa, nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka mākeke a me ka mālama ʻana i ka maikaʻi.
Kū'ē i ke kumu kumu o ka maʻi maʻi ʻuala, gula potato cyst nematode, wrinkled, banded mosaics a me ka lau curl.
ʻO kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe - Farn (mamao mai Ossetian - ka maluhia, ka pōmaikaʻi, ka nui, ka hauʻoli) - ke hele nei i nā hoʻokolohua like ʻole no ka makahiki ʻelua. Ua loaʻa iā mākou
loaʻa nā loiloi maikaʻi loa, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻuluʻulu i nā hopena. Ma 2023, hoʻolālā mākou e hoʻouna i kahi ʻano ʻekolu no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ʻaʻohe inoa. ʻIke wau ua hana ʻia kēia ʻano like ʻole, e like me Farn, ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka FSTP.
ʻO Gorsky State Agrarian University kahi mea hoʻokō o ka papahana ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana paʻakikī "Ka hana ʻana i nā ʻuala hua kiʻekiʻe o nā ʻano ʻano home hoʻokūkū i loko o kahi ʻano virus-free o ka wahi mauna o ka Kabardino-Balkarian Republic", ka mea kūʻai aku. ʻo ia ka ʻoihana Zolsky Potato LLC. Ke hoʻokō ʻia nei ka papahana i loko o ke ʻano o ka subprogram "Ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke koho a me ka hana hua
ʻuala i ka Russian Federation" o ka Federal Scientific and Technical Program no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mahiʻai no 2017-2025.