Mai ka makasina: No. 3 2016
Māhele: Māhele
Teritori: 76624 km2
Ka heluna kanaka: He 3 kanaka, a he 260% ka poe noho o ke kulanakauhale.
He kūlana kiʻi: ʻO ka palena ʻo Nizhny Novgorod ma ke komohana akau me ka ʻāina Kostroma, ma ka ʻākau-hikina - me ka ʻāina ʻo Kirov, ma ka hikina - me nā Repubalika o Mari El a me Chuvashia, ma ka hema - me ka Repubalika o Mordovia, ma ka hema-komohana - me ka aina Ryazan, ma ke komohana - me ka moku Vladimir a me Ivanovo.
Hoʻolaka continental haʻahaʻa, me ke anuanu, lōʻihi hoʻoilo a pōkole, mahana kau wela. Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻokoʻa nui o ke aniau ma ka laina ʻākau-hema, ma waena o ka ʻāina Volga a me ka Bank Right. ʻOkoʻa ka awelika o ka ea wela o ka makahiki mai 3.0ºC ma ka ʻākau a i 4.5ºC ma ka hema o ka ʻāina. I loko o ka makahiki, ma kahi o 600-650 mm o ka ua i hāʻule i ka ʻāina ʻo Volga a me 500-550 mm i ka Bank Right, me ʻelua hapakolu i ke ʻano o ka ua. Mai Sepatemaba a Mei, lanakila ka makani hema a me ke komohana hema ma ka ʻāina, a i nā mahina kauwela - akau-komohana. ʻO ka awelika o ka makani makani makahiki he 3-4 m/s.
Aliʻi: Aia ka ʻāina ma ka ʻāpana waena o ka Pāpū Hikina ʻEulopa. Ua māhele ʻia ka ʻāina i ʻelua mau ʻāpana like: ʻo ka nahele haʻahaʻa Trans-Volga wahi (me kahi ʻāpana o 42 tausani km.2) a me ka ʻāina ʻo Volga kiʻekiʻe ʻole lāʻau.
Nā Kūlana: waiwai ai nā sod-podzolic a me nā podzolic (66% o ke kuʻina); noho kaū lāʻau hina 16,3%; chernozemic 7,9%; allūvial lūlū 3,6%; kaleka a he peat 6,2%.
Wāhi ʻāina ʻoihana: 3059,7 tausani ha
ʻO ka hana koʻikoʻi e kū nei i nā limahana ma ka ʻoihana agro-industrial o ka ʻāina ʻo Nizhny Novgorod, ʻo ia ka hoʻoponopono maikaʻi ʻana i nā pilikia o ka pono ponoʻī o ka ʻāina me nā huahana meaʻai kumu. A ʻo ka ʻuala ma ka ʻāina ʻo Nizhny Novgorod kekahi o nā mea kanu mahiʻai koʻikoʻi a hoʻohana ʻia no ka meaʻai a me nā kumu hānai, a he mea maka no ka ʻoihana hana.
Ma ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka ulu ʻana i ka ʻuala ma ka ʻāina ʻo Nizhny Novgorod
Mai ka makahiki 2016, ua hoʻolālā ʻia e hāʻawi i ke kālā i nā mea hana mahiʻai no ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke kākoʻo pili ʻole i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hua ʻuala a me nā mea kanu ākea. E hāʻawi ʻia nā haʻawina i kēlā me kēia ʻeka o ka ʻāina i lūlū ʻia e nā hua uala a me nā mea kanu ʻāina ākea. ʻO ka hoʻolakoʻana i kēia kākoʻo moku'āina e hoʻoponoponoʻia e ka Decree of the Government of the Nizhny Novgorod Region No.
He kuleana ko nā hui ʻoihana agro-industrial e hana ana i ka ulu ʻuala e loaʻa ke kālā e uku hou i ka hapa o ka uku paneʻe no ka wā pōkole a me nā hōʻaiʻē hoʻopukapuka i huki ʻia no ke kumu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻuala e like me ke Kauoha o ke Aupuni o ka Russian Federation i ka lā Dekemaba. 28.12.2012, 1460 No. 25.03.2013 a me nā Kauoha o ke Aupuni o ka Nizhny Novgorod Region i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma Malaki 173, 02.11.2012 No. 781, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma XNUMX No. XNUMX.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka Federal Target Program "Development of Reclamation of Agricultural Lands in Russia for 2014 - 2020" e hana ana ma ka Nizhny Novgorod Region. I loko o ka hoʻolālā o kēia papahana, hāʻawi ʻia nā haʻawina no ke kūkulu ʻana, kūkulu hou ʻana a me ka ʻenehana hou ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana wai a me nā ʻōnaehana wai no ka hoʻohana maʻamau a me kēlā me kēia kanaka, me ka ulu ʻana i ka ʻuala.
Ua uku ʻia ke kālā i ka poʻe e loaʻa ana ma kahi nui ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 50% o ka nui o nā kumukūʻai i loaʻa maoli a uku ʻia, akā ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 50% o ke kumukūʻai i manaʻo ʻia no ke kūkulu ʻana (ka hana hou ʻana, nā lako hana hou) o nā ʻōnaehana reclamation. Ma 2016, 2016 miliona mau rubles i ʻae ʻia no kēia wahi ma ke kānāwai "Ma ka waihona kālā kūloko no 60", me 54 miliona mau rubles mai ka waihona kālā federal a me 6 miliona mau rubles mai ka waihona kālā kūloko.
2015 Nā Makana
Wahi a ka Territorial Body of the Federal State Statistics Service no ka Nizhny Novgorod Region, i ka makahiki 2015, ʻo ka wahi ma lalo o ka ʻuala i nā mahiʻai o nā ʻano āpau he 52,3 tausani heka (104% o ka pae 2014), 950,6 tausani tons (114%). ua hanaia me ka awelika hua 183 c/ha.
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pono ponoʻī i ka ʻuala ma ka ʻāina ʻo Nizhny Novgorod i 2015 he 122,2%. I kēia lā, hoʻokō piha ka ʻāina ʻo Nizhny Novgorod i kāna mau pono, a kūʻai maikaʻi i ka ʻohi ʻai i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka Russian Federation.
Hana hua ʻuala
Ma kahi o 240 mau mahiʻai (77 ʻoihana mahiʻai a ma kahi o 160 mau mahiʻai mahiʻai) ke hana nei i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻuala kalepa ma ka ʻāina.
No ka hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻana i ka lako paʻa o nā mea kūʻai aku me nā hua kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea kanu i ka ʻāina ʻo Nizhny Novgorod, e hana ana ka Elite ʻepekema a me ka ʻōnaehana hana. I ka makahiki 2015, ua hoʻokomo ʻia he 35 mau māla hua elite, kahi o 13 mau māla elite i hana kūikawā i ka hana ʻana i nā hua ʻuala elite. Hana ʻia ka hana hou ma 22 mau ʻano. Ma kahi o 5 tausani mau toni o nā hua ʻuala o nā reproductions kiʻekiʻe e hana ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki, kahi o 3,5 tausani mau tons i kūʻai ʻia i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o Rūsia.
Eia kekahi, ma ke kumu o LLC Elitkhoz (kūlanakauhale o Bor) a me LLC Agrofirma Metallurg (lalana Novodmitrievskoye, kūlanakauhale o Vyksa) aia ʻelua mau hale hana no ka hana ʻana i nā hua ʻuala ʻaʻohe virus. ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā laboratories no ka hana hua ʻuala mua e hiki ai ke hana i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma kahi o 220 tausani mau ʻāpana mini-tubers, ʻo ia hoʻi, me ka koho clonal makahiki i nā kahu hānai e hoʻohana ana i ka culling e ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka hana makahiki e pili ana i 3-3,5 tausani tons olakino elite potatoes. Hoʻopiha piha kēia mau puke i nā pono o nā mahiʻai ma ka ʻāina ʻo Nizhny Novgorod no nā mea kanu (I - III reproductions), a ukali ʻia e ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole.
ʻOihana hana
ʻO ka kūleʻa o nā mahiʻai ʻuala ʻaʻole hilinaʻi wale i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻenehana ulu hou, akā i ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana mālama. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua nui nā mahiʻai alakaʻi i ka ʻāina i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā keʻena mālama ʻuala hou me ka mālama ʻana i ke aniau a me nā ʻōnaehana mālama, a kūʻai aku i nā mea hana no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, mālama, holoi, ʻili a me nā ʻuala.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona ʻo Latkin LLC o ka moku ʻo Arzamas, ma ke kumu aia kahi hale mālama hou no 20 tausani mau ʻuala, Agrotrade Company LLC, STEK LLC o ka moku Bogorodsky (kahi mālama no 25 tausani tons), Axentis LLC o Gorodetsky apana (hiki ke mālama ʻia no 20 tausani tons me kahi keʻena hana). Ke kūkulu nei ʻo AFG National Nizhny Novgorod LLC i kahi waihona waihona hou me ka mana o 16 tons ma ka moku Lukoyanovsky.
Ma ka laulā, ma ka ʻāina ʻo Nizhny Novgorod aia nā hale mālama ʻuala me ka nui o 568 tausani tons. Aia nā hale mālama ʻuala i kūkulu ʻia i nā makahiki 60 o ke kenekulia i hala e pono ai ke kūkulu hou ʻana.
Nā mahiʻai holomua
Ke hana nei nā ʻoihana mahiʻai nui a me nā mahiʻai mahiʻai ma ia wahi. ʻO kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi no kā lākou neʻe ʻana i mua, ʻo ia ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hana ʻenehana, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana o ka ʻoihana a me nā hana maikaʻi loa o nā ʻoihana kūleʻa loa ma kēia wahi.
LLC "Latkin" (Apana Arzamas)
ʻO ka ʻāina i lūlū ʻia o ka uala i ka makahiki 2015 he 1400 ʻeka, ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili nui he 50,4 tausani tons me ka awelika o ka hua o 360 c / ha. Ua hoʻokomo ka mahiʻai i ka ʻenehana hana ʻuala Dutch. Ua kūʻai ʻia nā mea hoʻoulu wai a hoʻokomo ʻia i ka hana ma kahi o 400 mau ʻeka, e hiki ai ke hoʻonui i ka hua ʻuala ma 50%. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mīkini a me nā mea hana o kēia wā, me nā mea ʻohi ʻuala ponoʻī. I ka makahiki 2010, ua hoʻokomo piha ʻia kahi hale mālama ʻuala multi-purpose me kahi microclimate controlled me ka nui o 20 tons. Loaʻa i ka hale mālama ʻuala kahi papa hana no ka holoi ʻana, ka ʻili ʻana a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā huahana, kahi o ia mau mea i hana ʻia i loko o ka pahu pahu. I ka makahiki 000, ua kūʻai ʻia nā mea paʻakikī a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka hana, ʻo ia hoʻi ka holoi ʻana, ka polishing, a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā ʻuala i loko o nā ʻeke liʻiliʻi (2014-2 kilokani) me ka hiki ke hiki i 3 tons i kēlā me kēia hola. Loaʻa i ka mahiʻai he 40 mau hale mālama ʻuala me ka nui o ka mālama ʻana o 13 tausani tons, me ka 45,4 tausani tons o ka waihona ipu a me 4,5 tausani tons me nā lako refrigeration.
Aksentis LLC (Apana Gorodetsky)
I ka makahiki 2015, ua kanu ʻia he 500 mau ʻuala ma ka mahiʻai. Ua hana ʻia he 21,9 tausani mau ʻuala me ka awelika o ka 438 c/ha. Ua kūkulu ʻia nā mea aʻe a ke hana nei: kahi paʻakikī o nā hale mālama ʻuala pāʻoihana me ka nui o ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i ʻoi aku ma mua o 15 tausani tons, me kahi ala ʻenehana (no ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā ʻuala kalepa) me kahi wahi o 3 tausani sq.m. ; kahi paʻakikī o nā hale mālama ʻano pahu no nā hua ʻuala mua a elite me ka nui o ka nui ma mua o 4,5 tausani tons; hale hoʻokolohua no ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā ʻuala liʻiliʻi.
ʻO TNV "Mir" Yashchenko A.V. a me ka hui" ('āpana Gorodetsky)
ʻO ka wahi lulu o ka uala i ka makahiki 2015 he 470 mau ʻeka, ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili nui he 19,2 tausani tons me ka awelika hua o 409,3 c / ha. ʻEhiku mau hale mālama ʻuala me ka nui o 7,2 tausani tons.
LLC "PC "Nizhny Novgorod Potato System" (Shatkovsky district)
ʻO ka wahi i lūlū ʻia o ka ʻuala i ka makahiki 2015 he 300 mau ʻeka, ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili nui he 14,8 tausani tons me ka awelika hua o 494,4 c / ha. ʻO ka nui o ka waihona waihona he 13 tausani tons.
LLC "Zhniva" (Apana Arzamas)
ʻO ka wahi i lūlū ʻia o ka ʻuala i ka makahiki 2015 he 290 mau ʻeka, ʻo ka ʻohi nui ʻana he 14,5 tausani tons me ka awelika hua o 500 c / ha. ʻElima mau hale mālama ʻuala me ka nui o 14,5 tausani tons, me ka 3,1 tausani tons o ka waiho pahu pahu a me 3 tausani tons me nā mea hoʻonaninani.
ʻO Agrofirma Iskra LLC (ka moku ʻo Bogorodsky)
ʻO ka ʻāina lulu ʻia o ka uala i ka makahiki 2015 he 450 mau ʻeka, ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili nui he 11,9 tausani tons me ka awelika o ka hua o 264 c / ha. ʻElima mau hale mālama ʻuala me ka nui o 14 tausani tons. ʻO ka hale mālama me ka mana o 2,5 tausani tons ua lako me ka friji. He ʻoihana elite e ulu ana i nā hua no ka ʻuala Red Scarlett.
LLC "FH Yalina A.P." (Apana Arzamas)
ʻO ka wahi i lūlū ʻia o ka uala i ka makahiki 2015 he 150 mau ʻeka, ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili nui he 7,2 tausani tons me ka awelika hua o 480 c / ha. Aia ʻelua mau hale mālama ʻuala me ka nui o ka mālama ʻana o 7 tausani tons, me ka 500 tons o ka waiho pahu pahu a me 500 tons me nā mea hoʻonaninani.
ʻO ka mahiʻai hui "Red Lighthouse" (Ka moku Gorodetsky)
ʻO ka ʻāina i lūlū ʻia o ka ʻuala i ka makahiki 2015 he 160 mau ʻeka, ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili nui he 6,4 tausani tons me ka awelika o ka 400 c / ha. He ʻelima mau hale mālama ʻuala me ka nui o 4,5 tausani tons. He ʻoihana elite e ulu ana i nā hua no ka ʻuala a me nā mea kanu palaoa.
LLC Labzin S.A. (Apana Arzamas)
ʻO ka wahi i lūlū ʻia o ka ʻuala i ka makahiki 2015 he 100 ʻeka, ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili nui he 4,5 tausani tons me ka awelika o ka hua o 450 c / ha. He ʻehā mau hale mālama ʻuala i ka mahiʻai me ka nui o ka nui o ka mālama ʻana o 7 tausani tons, me ka 1 tausani tons o ka waiho pahu pahu a me 1 tausani tons me nā lako refrigeration.
ʻO ka mahiʻai mahiʻai Vizgunov K.V. (Apana Spassky)
ʻO ka ʻāina i lūlū ʻia o ka uala i ka makahiki 2015 he 80 mau ʻeka, ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili nui he 3,6 tausani tons me ka awelika o ka 450 c / ha. ʻO ka nui o ka mālama ʻana he 10 tausani tons.
ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ia mau ʻoihana e hiki ai ke hoʻoponopono ʻaʻole wale i nā pilikia o ka palekana meaʻai me nā ʻuala kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i ke kaiapuni, akā i nā pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā wahi kuaʻāina. ʻO kēia ka hana ʻana i nā hana, nā uku kiʻekiʻe, ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka nohona o ke kauhale, a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā kumukūʻai no nā huahana meaʻai kumu.
Nā papahana a me nā manaʻo no 2016
I ka makahiki 2016, ua hoʻomaka ka papahana "Development of reclamation o nā ʻāina mahiʻai ma ka ʻāina ʻo Nizhny Novgorod no 2016-2020" ma ka ʻāina ʻo Nizhny Novgorod. Ma ke ʻano o kēia papahana, i kēia makahiki ua hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻonui i ka wahi ma lalo o ka ʻuala a me nā mea kanu ma muli o nā ʻāina irrigated e 3116 ʻeka a loaʻa ʻoi aku ma mua o 41 tausani mau ʻuala a me nā mea kanu ma lalo o ka wai.
E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia, ʻo ka hua o nā huahana mai ka ʻāina mahiʻai irrigated he 2,5 mau manawa kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā wahi like ʻole me ka ʻole o ka irrigation, a me ka huahana hana a me ka pono o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe a me nā ʻenehana, me nā fertilizers, hoʻonui i ʻelua a ʻekolu mau manawa. Hoʻonui ka hua o ka ʻuala i 1,5-2 mau manawa a hiki i 450-600 keneta no ka ʻeka, nā mea kanu - ʻekolu manawa a hiki i 300 keneta no ka ʻeka. ʻO ka hopena,ʻo ka hoʻokomoʻana i ka irrigation e alakaʻi i ka ho'ēmiʻana i ke kumukūʻai o nā waiwai no ka mea kūʻai hope.
Eia kekahi, nui ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻāina i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia o ka modernization a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale mālama ʻuala a me nā mea kanu e kūpono ana i nā koi o kēia wā. Hoʻoikaika ʻia kēia e ka papahana federal no ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana a me ke kūkulu hou ʻana i nā hale mālama ʻuala a me nā mea kanu mea kanu, nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ke kālā kālā mai ka waihona kālā kūloko. I kēia makahiki, ua hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻokaʻawale i kahi 10,0 miliona rubles mai ka waihona kālā kūloko no kēia mau hanana.
Mea i hoomakaukauia Ke Kuhina Mahiai o ka Nizhny Novgorod Region