Ma muli o ka maloʻo maloʻo ma nā wahi mahiʻai he nui o Rūsia i ka makahiki i hala, ua haʻahaʻa ka ʻohi ʻana o nā ʻuala, kāloti a me nā beets. ʻO nā huahana i lawe ʻia mai i lawe ʻia i ka lewa ma nā papa, i alakaʻi i ka piʻi nui o nā kumukūʻai no ka "borscht set." Ua hoʻomaka ka emi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai i ke komo ʻana o nā ʻāpana hou o nā huahana kūloko i ka mākeke. Ua haʻi mai ka poʻe loea mai ka hui ʻo Avgust, ka mea hana nui o Rūsia o nā huahana mālama lāʻau kemika, i nā mea e pilikia ai ka poʻe mahiʻai e pale i nā mea kanu i ka makahiki 2021.
ʻO ka'ōpī. "I kēia manawa ʻai mākou i nā ʻuala mua i hoʻolako ʻia mai ʻAigupita, Pakistan, a me Israel. Ua hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻuala Iranian, i ulu ʻia ma 50% mau wahi irrigated. Hele mai ia i ka mākeke i ka manawa hiki ke hoʻokūkū maʻalahi i nā kumukūʻai me nā ʻuala i hana ʻia ma Rūsia, akā ma mua o ka manawa mālama, wehewehe ʻo Dmitry Belov, ke poʻo o ka ʻoihana hoʻomohala huahana o ka hui Avgust. "Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ia ma mua o ka ʻuala kūloko i nā hōʻailona organoleptic, i waiho ʻia i loko o kahi hale kūʻai no kekahi mau mahina. Ma hope o nā "ʻāina ʻē" nā ʻuala mai ka Hema Federal District, a me nā "kokoke maoli" Azerbaijani. ʻO nā kumu kūʻai no ka ʻuala mua he uku mau: no ka laʻana, ua hoʻomaka ke kūʻai ʻana i kēia makahiki ma 20 rubles no kilokilo, a laila, ma muli o ka nui o nā ʻuala, hoʻomaka lākou e hāʻule i XNUMX rubles.
He mea pono ka lawe ʻana mai, ʻoiai ua ʻohi liʻiliʻi ʻo Rūsia i nā ʻuala liʻiliʻi i 2020 - e like me ka Ministry of Agriculture, 19,5 miliona tons (versus 22,1 miliona tons i 2019). ʻO ke kumu, ʻo ke ʻano o ka wā a me ka emi ʻana o ka wahi ma lalo o nā mea kanu. A ʻo kēia, ʻo ia ka hopena o ka overstocking o ka mākeke ma 2019, ʻoiai, ma muli o ka nui o ka ʻuala a me nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa no lākou, ʻaʻole i ʻike nā mea kūʻai aku i ka piʻi ʻana o ka manawa i nā kumukūʻai. ʻO kahi hana koʻikoʻi i kēia mau kaʻina hana e hoʻokani ʻia e ka liʻiliʻi o ka hiki ke mālama i waena o nā mea hana, ʻaʻole ia e ʻae iā lākou e hoʻolako piha i ka mākeke Lūkini me nā huahana kūloko kiʻekiʻe a paʻa ʻole.
I ka makahiki 2021, ua lohi ka kanu ʻana i ka ʻuala ma nā wahi he nui, kahi i hoʻonui hou ai i ke kumukūʻai o nā ʻano mua. Ma ke kahua hoʻomohala nui o ka ʻuala e ulu ana ma ka Central Federal District - Moscow, Tula, Nizhny Novgorod, nā wahi ʻo Bryansk - ke waiho nei ka hua ma hope o ka ulu ʻana ma kahi o hoʻokahi a ʻelua pule. "Ua maikaʻi nā ʻuala i lūlū ʻia i ka wanaʻao, akā ʻo kekahi o nā ʻuala i lohi iki i ke koʻikoʻi o ka mahana, i ka wā wela ka hua, hiki i ka papa wela o ka lepo, kūlou me ka hele ʻole mai i luna," wahi a Dmitry Belov. .
Ma muli o ka lohi ʻana o ka wā ulu a me nā kūlana maloʻo i Iune a me Iulai 2021, ua lohi iki ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻuala. ʻO kahi hapa nui o nā mea kanu i hoʻoweliweli ʻia e nā maʻi bacteria, a ua ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka pest nui, ʻo Colorado potato beetle. Eia naʻe, ma ka laulā, ʻaʻole hopohopo nui ka mokuʻāina o nā mea kanu ʻuala, ʻōlelo ka poʻe loea ʻo ʻAukake. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā manaʻo no ka uala irrigated - ʻo kā lākou hua i kēlā me kēia ʻeka ma lalo o nā kūlana o kēia manawa hiki ke piʻi ʻelua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hua o kahi mea kanu i ulu maʻamau.
Beets. I ka mahi ʻana i nā beets papaʻaina, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea hoʻomalu kemika a me ka meaʻai mineral ma ke ʻano he hana nui. E pili ana nā ʻano o nā mākeke pesticide a me nā mea kanu i kona kumukūʻai. I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea kanu beet papa ma ka ʻāina. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā pilikia i ka wā e mahi ai, ua like ia me nā beets sugar: hiki ke hōʻino ʻia ka wā (i kekahi mau wahi, ka nui o ka ua, e hoʻonāukiuki i ka ulu ʻana o ka pala, hiki ke lilo i mea hoʻoweliweli i ka hua, a ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe, ma ka ʻokoʻa, maloʻo), nā maʻi - ramulariasis a me cercospora, ʻO ka pest ka beet weevil, ua ʻike ʻia nā maʻi maʻi i kēia makahiki ma ka Apana Pekelala Hema.
Kaomi Ke ulu maikaʻi nei kēia mea kanu e nā mahiʻai he nui i ka makahiki 2021, akā naʻe, ma nā wahi he nui, ua hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ʻia ka maloʻo a me ka ua nui i nā mea kanu. I nā māla he nui, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi ʻōpala lepo, e pale ana i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā mea kanu kāloti i 2021 hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia e nā mauhele ulu, ʻoiai ma muli o ka ua ma nā wahi he nui ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō i ka mālama herbicide i ka manawa. Ke mau nei ka hoʻoweliweli o ka pala aʻa. ʻO kā kāloti ka mea kanu maʻamau e ulu ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi, akā inā ʻaʻole lākou, mālama lākou i nā hua maikaʻi wale nō i nā mahiʻai me nā mea ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe. A ʻo ia mau ʻoihana mahiʻai e uku i ke kumukūʻai kūpono no kā lākou huahana.
Kāpio Ua piʻi nui ke kumukūʻai o kēia mea kanu i ka hale kūʻai i 2021, akā i kēia lā ua emi nui ia. - mahalo i ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā kāpeti mua mai nā ʻāina ʻo Caucasus, e hele mau nei me ka ʻole o kēia kauwela. No ka hoʻohālikelike, ʻokoʻa ke kūlana i ka makahiki 2020, i ka manawa, ma muli o ka maʻi maʻi a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā kaulahao lako, ʻaʻole hiki ke hāʻawi i ka kāpeti hou i nā mea kūʻai aku, a pinepine e hoʻokuʻu wale ʻia. ʻAʻohe mea ʻino loa o nā pests - e like me ka ʻoki ʻoki kāpeti, ka moth kāpeti, ka moth kāpeti - i ka makahiki 2021, ʻoiai aia kēia mau iniseti i nā helu liʻiliʻi, a ke mālama ʻia nei ka mālama ʻana iā lākou e like me ka maʻamau. No nā maʻi, i ka makahiki 2021 hiki ke hōʻino ʻia ke kāpeti e ka vascular bacteriosis, he mea weliweli loa ia no kēlā ʻāpana o ka mea kanu i manaʻo ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i nā hale kūʻai a hiki i ka pūnāwai.
Ma ka laulā, ʻike ka poʻe loea, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūlana me nā mea kanu i ka makahiki 2021 ma mua o 2020, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka manawa e loaʻa ai ka hōʻiliʻili maʻamau no nā mea kanu. Ma ka hāʻule, pono e hoʻokokoke nā kumukūʻai no nā mea kanu i ko lākou mau kumu liʻiliʻi: e hoʻāʻo nā mea mahiʻai i kēia manawa e kūʻai aku i nā huahana o ka hōʻiliʻili hou, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia no ka mālama ʻana, i ka hiki.
"Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole kēia manaʻo e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻuala a me nā kāloti ma mua o ka maiʻa a me nā ʻalani i ka makahiki e hiki mai ana," wahi a Dmitry Belov. - ʻAʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia nā mea kanu āpau mai ka "borscht set" maʻalahi e ulu. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai ma kekahi ʻano a i ʻole e hoʻopili ʻia e ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai o nā hua a me nā mea kanu i ka makahiki 2021, a me ka hemahema o ka hana ma ka ʻoihana mahiʻai, i hoʻomohala ʻia, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ma muli o ke kau ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana o nā limahana i ka wā maʻi maʻi. . Eia kekahi, ke loli nei nā kūlana climatic, a ma hope o nā anomalies o ka wā, ke kū nei ka poʻe mahiʻai i nā pilikia hou e koi ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano kūʻokoʻa, ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenehana mahiʻai hou a me ke kumukūʻai o ka lako hou. Akā i kēia manawa ʻo ka mea koʻikoʻi nui i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kumukūʻai ʻo ia ka ʻōnaehana o nā mea waena ma ke kaulahao kūʻai-kūʻai. Pono e hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka mālama ʻana i nā huahana huaʻai ma ka pae o nā papahana ʻāina: a laila e hōʻoia ʻia nā kumukūʻai kūpono, ka meaʻai olakino o ka lehulehu, ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mahiʻai, nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi a me nā wahi kuaʻāina.